1. Introduction 2. Solar Technology 3. Market Overview 4. Ecomomics 5. Outlook Solar heat in Industry and Commerce to cut energy costs and green house gas emissions Dr.-Ing. Bastian Schmitt, University of Kassel
Institute of Thermal Engineering at University of Kassel Applied R&D of thermal energy systems Approx. 30 employees (not including student assistants and spin-offs) District heat Development of components Power & Heat Renewable heat in Industry and Commerce Energy efficiency Consultancy and training Storage systems based on absoprtion Drying Hybrid systems Education and training Evaluation & development of subsidy mechanisms
Motivation Decarbonisation of heat demand is crucial to stay competitive (energy transition, climate change, ) There is not one technology that can solve this task Future energy systems will consist of connected heat generating technologies (under consideration of energy efficiency) Viessmann Ritter XL Eneria CAT Bosch Enercon SMA
Jan Jan Feb Feb Mar Mar Apr Apr May May Jun Jun Jul Jul Aug Aug Sep Sep Oct Jan Jan Feb Feb Mar Mar Apr Apr May May Jun Jun Jul Jul Aug Aug Sep Sep Oct Nov Nov Dec Dec Irradiation in kwh/m²d Irradiation in kwh/m²d Solar Heat is a Fuel Saver Peak power is similar all over the world Number of hours and days with high irradiation varies Diffuse irradiation direct irradiation DGS Irradiation in Watt per m² DGS 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Lisbon Diffuse irradiation Direct irradiation 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Lisbon
Solar Resources (PT) and Industry's demand Yearly sum of irradiation in PT: 1,500..2,000 kwh/m²a (GER: 1,000..1,200 kwh/m²a) Industry s share on Portuguese final energy consumption approx. 30 % Approx. two third for heat generation > 250 C 69% < 100 C 21% 100..150 C 6% 150..250 C 4% Temperature range of industrial heat demand (GER)
SHIP - Suitable Applications Lot s of applications in Industry, Commerce and Agriculture (Hot water supply, drying, cleaning, ) Heat demand during summer time and below 150 C (200 C) Avoid longer periods without heat demand during summer Processes heated with external HEX
Food & Beverages Krones Large share of process heat demand below 120 C Lot s of washing and cleaning processes Stock So far most popular Industry sector for solar process heat
Textiles Pitt-GmbH Menzel Large share of low temperature heat demand Massive demand of hot water up to several 100 m³ per day with 40..60 C Lot s of heated baths
Fabricated Metal, Machinery & Equipment (also Automotive) BIA Lot s of processes for surface treatment bath temperatures 20..95 C Air conditioning (e.g. paintshops or powder coating) Drying as another important process
Solar Technology www.german-energy-solutions.de/
Integration of Solar Heat
Solar Collectors
Typical System Design Cold water
Market Overview www.german-energy-solutions.de/
www.ship-plants.info (by IEA SHC Task 49/IV) approx. 200 SHIP-plants
Market Overview SHIP
Silampos, Fabricated Metal (Portugal) 450 m² PTC (with thermal oil) Start of operation: 2014 Solar heating of baths (50 C) Solar assisted drying (160 C) 100,000 (222 /m²) 139 MWh/a (310 kwh/m²a)
Solar Brewed Beer (Austria) 1,500 m² FPC, 200 m² storage Start of operation: 2013 Solar assisted mashing (80..90 C) Boiler feed water (15..85 C) Retrofit of mash tun (foundation: 4 days, collectors: 5 days)
Gas Pressure Regulation and Metering Stations (GPRMS) HP Natural Gas MP Natural Gas energy demand for preheating: 0.2 % of energy that passes GPRS (0.5 to 4 GWh/a for large stations)
Solar Heat for GPRMS (Germany) 355 m² FPC, 25 m³ Buffer, combined with district heat (biogas) HP Natural Gas MP Natural Gas 135 m² FPC, 10 m³ Buffer 420 m² FPC, 20 m³ Buffer Enertracting
Solar-assisted Car Manufacturing (Spain) 530 m² FPC (375 kw) 40 m³ storage Nissan Solar surface treatment at 70 C degreasing before phosphating and electrocoating 480 MWh/y (910 kwh/m²a) 265 /m² specific investment Realized within internal Nissan Programme Green 2007-2010
Textile Industry (China) Shandong Ruyi Technology Group Co., Ltd World leading company in technical textiles 9,900 ² FPC (6,9 MW) Dyeing process at 60 C 1,7 Mio. (171 /m²) Hi-MIN Solar 5,940 MWh/a (600 kwh/m²a)
Economics www.german-energy-solutions.de/
Specific investment in /m² Turnkey Costs of Solar Process Heat Vacuum-/CPC-Collectors Flat Plate Collectors Air Collectors Size of solar heating plant in m²
Economic Indicators Investment: 350..1.500 /m² Specific solar yield: 700..1,100 kwh/m²a (300..600 kwh/m²a in GER) Solar heat generation costs: 30..50 /MWh Payback times: more than 5..7 years
Outlook www.german-energy-solutions.de/
Summary & Outlook Renewable heat still not focussed by Industry, consultants and politicians Large potential for solar thermal, heat pumps and CHP in Industry Growing SHIP-market with lot s of promising applications Solar heat is suitable to cover the base load within summer time Can be also combined with heat pumps and CHP You have a lot of sun use this opportunity Thank you very much bschmitt@uni-kassel.de