Incorporating Climate Change Considerations into an Agriculture Investment Project - A Case Study from the WB funded IMAD Project in China
Outlines 1 2 3 4 5 IMAD Background The Way of Incorporating CC Consideration Incorporated Click to add title in here Key Factors for Successful Mainstreaming Click to add title in here Conclusions
1. IMAD Background CAD Programme and SOCAD An important method for supporting agricultural development from government finance Started from 1988 Covering about 2000 counties in 37 provinces Investment resource ($ 9.7 billion in 2013) To improve agricultural productivity Transition from productivity oriented to sustainable and modern agriculture from 2012 Implemented 5 foreign fund projects
1. IMAD Background CAD Programme activity
1. IMAD Background SOCAD POCAD POCAD POCAD POCAD MOCAD MOCAD MOCAD COCAD COCAD COCAD
1. IMAD Background The initiation of IMAD Internal External Foreign fund utilization policy Environment deterioration Word Bank s priority on climate- smart agriculture Natural resource degradation Climate change
IMAD project areas
PDO and components Comp. 1: Irrigated agriculture infrastructure improvement Comp. 2: Enhanced climate smart agricultural practice Comp. 3: Institutional strengthening and capacity building PDO To develop sustainable and climate resilient agricultural production systems in the project area
2. The way of incorporating Step 1 Assessing CC existing and future impact Incorporation Step 2 Consulting government strategies and policies Step 4 Identify Climate-smart options Step 3 Conducting capacity building
Step 1: Assessing CC existing impacts Annual temperature: 0.5-0.8 rose over the last 100 years Warmer in north, north-east and north west Higher frequency extreme weather events
Project CC future impacts Annual temperature: 2.3-3.3 rise to 2050 Annual precipitation: 5-7% increase to 2050 Impact on agriculture and water resources Crop yield will decline Layout, production and cropping pattern of agriculture will be changed Will increase project investment Will enlarge the gap of water resources
Step 2: Consulting government strategies and policies China s National Programme to Address Climate Change (2007) China s Policies and Actions for Addressing Climate Change (2011) Adaptation: Enhance on-farm infrastructure Adjust agricultural structure and planting format Breed resilient crop varieties Expanse agro-technology Optimize water resource allocation Research integrate water saving techniques
Consulting government strategies and policies Mitigation: Prevent non-point pollution, encourage reasonable usage of chemical fertilizer and pesticide Breed new rice varieties with higher yield and lower GHG emission Improve rice cultivation and irrigation techniques Promote crop residue incorporation and zero tillage techniques Afforest to increase carbon sequestration
Step 3: Conducting capacity building FAO EX-ACT training FAO training seminar
Step 4: Identify climate-smart options Four methods: Reference national and local strategies, policies and action plan Consult beneficiaries willingness and search for indigenous experience Learn the successful experience from other countries and related projects GEF grant project Decision-making support sys. Water conservation projects and Haihe River Basin Project - ET Research outcome on local level
3. CC considerations incorporated Potential impacts Climate smart app. & opt. Evolution of projects
Potential impact in project areas On water resource Water supply and extreme precipitation will increase ET and water demand will increase Northern provinces: water resource adjustment and storage Southern provinces: address engineering water shortage and integrated manage drought resistant and flood drainage On agriculture Crop cultivate belt expands to north Late variety sows earlier Crop growing degree days increase Grain crop yield increase or decline Extreme weather events cause more disaster
Climate smart approaches and options Infrastructure options Improve irrigation, drainage, transportation and power supply systems, develop high-efficiency irrigation systems and establish water measurement and management systems; Agronomic options Improve tillage, soil fertility management, IPM, green production practices, SRI and applied researches and demonstration; Institutional options Strengthen farmers cooperatives, associations and water users associations Capacity building at different levels
Evolution of WB loan projects PDO: Filling the capital gap, increasing agro productivity. PDO: Improve agricultural production conditions to increase the production of main agricultural products; improve capability to resist natural disaster; upgrade farmers livelihood. PDO: Improve water and agri. productivity; increase farmer s income and competition capability; sustainable water management and environment protection. IAIL III IMAD IAIL I IAIL II Water development ; Agricultural project; Forestry project. Integrated water saving irrigation; Agrostandardization and organization building; Agro ecoenvironment construction
4. Key factors for mainstreaming Mainstreaming National level Expert team Research Local government 1. Clear government strategy support 2. Dedication & endeavor of project team 3. Readiness of information and tech. 4. Awareness & willingness of local counterparts Local level WB, FAO TCIB Adap. Mit. options Beneficiaries
Dedication of project team Project team field visiting Project team
5. Conclusions Urgent Need Capacity Building CC consideration Mainstreaming Conditions Required Practical Tools
Certain conditions required Mainstreaming Government supports Farmers willingness Knowledge reserve
Practical tools needed EX-ACT FAO training modules Decision making support system Practical tools
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