Commercialization Plan of Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP)

Introduction of UTP Commercialization Plan Synthesis of biodiesel from blended rubber seed oil and crude 1 palm oil 2 Refuse derived fuels from oil palm waste 3 Development of Microwave Incinerated Rice Husk Ash (MIRHA) as cement replacement material. 4 Torrefaction of lignocellulosic biomass using boiler flue gas 5 Bio-oil production from lignocellulosic biomass

Introduction of UTP Established by PETRONAS in 1997 About 240 km or 2.5 hr drive from Kuala Lumpur 400 ha campus Number in 2008 Undergraduate 5650 Postgraduate 526 Non-academic staff 355 Academic staff 356

VISION To be a leader in Technology Education and Centre for Creativity and Innovation. MISSION UTP is an institute of higher learning. We provide opportunities for the pursuit of knowledge and expertise for the advancement of engineering, science and technology to enhance the nation s competitiveness. Our objective is to produce well-rounded graduates who are creative and innovative with the potential to become leaders of industry and the nation. Our aim is to nurture creativity and innovativeness and expand the frontiers of technology and education for the betterment of society.

Hybrid Energy Systems AP Ir Dr Shaharin Anwar Sustainable Resources Prof Ir Dr M Fadhil Nuruddin Intelligent City Dr Azween Abdullah Biomedical Technology Prof Ir Dr Ahmad Fadzil M Hani UTP S Mission Oriented Research CO 2 Management AP Dr Azmi M Shariff Enhanced Oil Recovery Prof Dr Birol M Demiral Green Technology AP Dr Suzana Yusup Deepwater Technology AP Dr Fakhruldin M Hashim Nanotechnology Prof Dr Norani Muti Mohamed

Commercialization Plan Synthesis of biodiesel from blended rubber 1 seed oil and crude palm oil 2 Refuse derived fuels from oil palm waste Development of Microwave Incinerated 3 Rice Husk Ash (MIRHA) as cement replacement material. Torrefaction of lignocellulosic biomass 4 using boiler flue gas Bio-oil production from lignocellulosic 5 biomass

Synthesis of Biodiesel from a Crude Blend of Palm Oil and Rubber Seed Oil Biodiesel production from non-edible oil can minimize the economical and food scarcity The blend of crude rubber seed oil and crude palm oil (CPO) can be utilize for biodiesel production Biodiesel burns substantially cleaner than petroleum based diesel fuel in both vehicles and machinery Group Members AP Dr Suzana Yusup (Group Leader) Murni M. Ahmad Modhar Ali Khan

Synthesis of Biodiesel from a Crude Blend of Palm Oil and Rubber Seed Oil Completed Current Future Lab scale IP filed: Synthesis of Biodiesel from Palm Oil and Rubber Seed (PI: 2010000671) Pilot scale Seeking for collaboration Blended Biodiesel Advantages Potential to upgrade the process to larger scale Non edible Feedstock Enhancing Cold Flow properties Quality of biodiesel produced is comparable to international standard Transesterification Reaction Rubber Seed Oil

Synthesis of Biodiesel from a Crude Blend of Palm Oil and Rubber Seed Oil The quality of produced biodiesel has been meet the international standards (ASTM and EN) Property Unit Value ASTM Criteria EN Criteria Esters % mass 99.4-96.5 min Density g/cm 3 0.874-0.860-0.900 Kinematic Viscosity cst 4.22 1.9-6.0 3.5-5.0 Flash point (closed cup) o C 150 130 min 120 min Sulfur content % mass 0.01 0.05 max (S500) 0.1 max Water and Sediment % volume < 0.02 0.05 max 0.05 max Distillation temperature o C 311 360 o max - Cetane number No units 50.1 47 min 51 min Methanol content Pass/Fail Pass 97 o C min - Heating Value KJ/g 38.5-35 min Acid number mg KOH/g 0.46 0.5max 0.5 max Monoglycerides % mass 0.063-0.8 max Diglycerides % mass 0.128-0.2 max Triglycerides % mass 0.095-0.2 max Carbon Residue % mass 0.03 0.05 max 0.3 max Free Glycerin % mass 0.002 0.02 max 0.02 max Total Glycerin % mass 0.0484 0.24 max 0.25 max ASTM: American society for testing and material (2002) EN: European norms (2003)

REFUSE DERIVED FUELS FROM OIL PALM WASTE Fuel design for export finalize mixing ratios, waste combinations, particle size, fiber lengths, pressing pressures, geometry and binding agents for strength, durability, burning rates and energy content Oil Palm Waste International markets Cocombustion Biomass Waste Fuel Design Export/ Internal use Domestic small scale Alternative waste Application mechanical strength Energy Domestic power plants Team members: Ir. Dr. Mohd Shiraz Aris, Ms. Chin Yee Sing, UTP researchers (2)

REFUSE DERIVED FUELS FROM OIL PALM 1 st Phase completed WASTE Process Flow Chart Fuel Characterization/ Design Mechanical Strength Energy Content Design Optimization On-going work Pilot Plant Studies (experimental/modeling) Feeding system (continuous/batch) Fuel Production Energy recovery Plant Optimization

REFUSE DERIVED FUELS FROM OIL PALM WASTE Benefit and Phase of Project Development Application as main, supplementary, co-component fuels for the generation of steam in power plants Closed-loop design to maximize energy recovery and reduce environmental impact Address storage and handling issues for fuel export Work on combination with other biomass waste material will bring added benefits Item R&D completed Patent filed Pilot plant trial completed Commercial-ready prototype available Samples sent to customer Our development -Optimized fuel mixing ratio for oil palm waste material -1 st Phase fuel design -Fuel manufacturing methodology -PI 20080081 fuel briquette from oil palm waste -Lab scale studies completed -1 st Phase completed -lab tested (customers/partners to be identified)

Rice Husk Conversion To Cement Replacement Material Rice Husk is in abundance globally and through microwave incineration the rice husk shall be able to be converted to rice husk ash (Microwave Incinerated Rice Husk Ash MIRHA) with special attributes namely: Silica rich ash (more than 95% silica content) Amorphous state silicon dioxide Ash with high surface area When incorporated in concrete as a cement replacement material, these attributes contribute enormously to the durability and quality of concrete. Group Members: Prof. Dr. Fadhil Nuruddin Assoc. Prof. Dr Nasir Shafiq Andri Kusbiantoro

Rice Husk Conversion To Cement Replacement Material Process Flow Chart Rice Husk Microwave Incineration Pre-Grinding MIRHA Post-Grinding MIRHA

Rice Husk Conversion To Cement Replacement Material Benefit and Phase of Project Development Amongst the benefits from the project are: 1. Raising the level of rice husk utilization from mere energy generation to value added cement replacement material for the construction industry 2. MIRHA is able to enhance the structural concrete strength and durability 3. MIRHA improves the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) between cement paste and aggregates Item R&D completed Patent filed Pilot plant trial completed Commercial-ready prototype available Samples sent to customer Our development Two PhD and three MSc students graduated Fifteen paper publications Internal IP submission UTP Microwave Incinerator MIRHA product available for use Business partner has yet to be identified In house use only

Torrefaction of lignocellulosic biomass using boiler flue gas Abundant lignocellulosic biomass resources are available in Malaysia, such as: Oil palm residues (EFB, fiber, kernel shell, trunk, fronds), sugar cane bagasse, rice husks and wood residues. Torrefaction is a low temperature treatment for lignocellulosic biomass (LCB), and is carried out under these conditions: Absence of oxygen (inert conditions) Low temperature between 200 to 300 ºC Retention time of 30-90 minutes Products are torrefied LCB, tar and gases. Torrefied LCB may be: Utilized as a solid fuel Converted into syngas or bio-oil EFB Fresh Torrefied at 300ºC Group members: Prof. Dr. Yoshimitsu Uemura Wissam Omar Mesocarp Fiber

Torrefaction of lignocellulosic biomass using boiler flue gas Process Flow Chart Lignocellulosic biomass Chipper and/or grinder Dryer Grinded and dried LCB Torrefaction reactor Inert gas 200-300 ºC, contact time 0.5 to 2hrs Torrefied LCB + CO 2, CO, acetic acid, H 2 O and organics Reaction: Methoxyl (-CH 2 OH) of hemicellulose CO 2, CO, acetic acid, H 2 O, organics

Torrefaction of lignocellulosic biomass using boiler flue gas Benefit and Phase of Project Development The benefits: 1. Utilization of agricultural lignocellulosic residues. 2. Torrefied LCB can be utilized as solid fuel, which has good grindability, long shelf life and higher calorific value. 3. Torrefied LCB can be better feedstock for gasification or liquefaction. Item R&D completed Patent filed Pilot plant trial completed Commercial-ready prototype available Samples sent to customer Our development R&D in progress, focusing on energy saving NA Laboratory tubular reactor NA NA

Bio-oil production from lignocellulosic biomass Abundant lignocellulosic biomass resources are available in Malaysia, such as: Oil palm residues (EFB, fiber, kernel shell, trunk, fronds), sugar cane bagasse, rice husks and wood residues. Bio-oil is produced by fast pyrolysis (thermal decomposition) of lignocellulosic biomass under these conditions: Absence of oxygen (inert conditions) Medium temperature between 350 to 600 ºC Short retention time of 1-2 seconds Products are bio-oil (50-70 wt%), char (20-30 wt%) and gases (15-30 wt%). How to utilize: Combustion with heavy oil Upgrading to vehicle grade fuel Group members: Prof. Dr. Yoshimitsu Uemura Wissam Omar

Bio-oil production from lignocellulosic biomass Process Flow Chart

Bio-oil production from lignocellulosic biomass Benefit and Phase of Project Development The benefits: 1. Utilization of agricultural lignocellulosic residues. 2. Bio-oil may be able to substitute heavy oil. 3. Upgraded bio-oil may be able to substitute vehicle grade fuel. Item R&D completed Patent filed Pilot plant trial completed Commercial-ready prototype available Samples sent to customer Our development R&D in progress NA Bench plant designed and built NA Bench plant sample will be available soon

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