STEP UP TO SAFETY Course #: NYS05B 1 AIA HSW CE Hour Ron Blank & Associates, Inc. 2015
An American Institute of Architects (AIA) Continuing Education Program Ron Blank & Associates, Inc. is a registered provider with The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education System. Credit earned upon completion of this program will be reported to CES Records for AIA members. Certificates of Completion are available for all course participants upon completion of the course conclusion quiz with +80%. Please view the following slide for more information on Certificates of Completion through RBA This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA or Ron Blank & Associates, Inc. of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product.
An American Institute of Architects (AIA) Continuing Education Program COURSE FORMAT: This is a structured, web-based, self-study course COURSE CREDIT: 1 AIA Health Safety & Welfare (HSW) CE Hour COMPLETION CERTIFICATE: A confirmation is sent to you by email and you can print one upon successful completion of a course or from your RonBlank.com transcript. If you have any Send difficulties email printing requests or receiving to: your certificate@infospecinc.com Certificate please send requests to certificate@ronblank.com Design professionals, please remember to print or save your certificate of completion after successfully completing a course conclusion quiz. Email confirmations will be sent to the email address you have provided in your RonBlank.com account.
COURSE DESCRIPTION learn how to select the appropriate pre-manufactured stair treads and nosings to improve the safety of your building stairway design learn the way pre-manufactured stair treads and nosings can complement your building design and improve the safe means of egress from your building with proper installation
OBJECTIVES upon completion of this course, the design professional will be able to: 1. discuss the importance of using stair treads 2. identify types of manufactured stair treads and nosings that are available, and where to use the different tread types 3. describe advantages of two part stair treads and nosings 4. discuss photo-luminescent stair treads and the building code 5. differentiate and distinguish the elements of stair treads and nosings that make them safe and compliant with applicable codes and standards 6. compare proper installation strategies on different types of new and existing stair construction 7. explore successful cleaning and maintenance methods required for ongoing safe and slip resistant stair treads and walkways
OVERVIEW stairs allow movement between floors and provide egress regulated by codes and standards for safety anti-slip stair treads help prevent pedestrian slips and falls, limiting risk and liability
STANDARDIZED STAIRS 1900 s: -standardization of public stairways treads and nosings emerge to meet safety compliance: - the first stair treads were introduced for transit authority applications and were typically made of cast iron or cast aluminum
EXTRUDED STAIR TREADS introduced to meet safety and code requirements as well as owners aesthetic requirements extruded aluminum is available in a variety of abrasive material colors
BUILDING CODE REQUIRES SLIP RESISTANCE What does that mean? treads and nosings to code provide the building occupant with a safe, slip resistant stair; slip resistance is measured by COF (Static) Coefficient of Friction (COF) is a value that shows the relationship between the force of friction between two objects and the normal force between the objects
SLIP HAZARD concrete is slippery when wet, polished or worn. Options for reducing slip hazards include: SLIDE ADHESIVE TAPE - does not work - wears out indicating design failure and associated liability - adhesive fails with some cleaning solvents and/or spills - adhesive failure introduces slip hazard VCT OR RUBBER - Low COF - Short life span ABRASIVE STAIR TREADS - COF greater than 0.85 to help prevent pedestrian slips and falls - longer life product that can be cleaned and maintained
STAIR MATERIALS MOST COMMON: - Wood - Cast-in-place concrete - Solid metal - Steel pan filled w/concrete LESS COMMON: - Stone - Carpet - Masonry - Tile - Cast metal - Terrazzo
TYPES OF MANUFACTURED STAIR TREADS AND NOSINGS extruded aluminum - interior/exterior stairs in most all conditions cast aluminum - heavy industrial use cast iron - heavy duty interior/exterior stairs rubber + vinyl - extreme indoor light use
EXTRUDED ALUMINUM 6063-T5 aluminum alloy base and nosing virgin grain Aluminum Oxide and/or Silicon Carbide channel filler color integral throughout entire tread ribbed bar abrasive common options - ribbed bar abrasive - full abrasive full abrasive
EXTRUDED ALUMINUM RIBBED BAR ABRASIVE TREAD ribbed bar abrasive provides a higher COF (Coefficient of Friction) than full abrasive units, Typical COF of 0.98 wet, 1.04 dry ribs allow for use of multiple colors indoor/outdoor applications
EXTRUDED ALUMINUM FULL ABRASIVE TREAD channel on the front and the back of tread suited for indoor and outdoor applications standard COF of 0.94 wet, 1.0 dry multiple ribs also provide additional strength to the unit, providing a longer lasting product
EXTRUDED ALUMINUM TREAD OPTIONS TWO PART a replaceable product with temporary plywood - used during construction to prevent concrete overspray damage to tread - tread can also be replaced post construction for building maintenance uses a temporary plywood insert protector until construction is complete allows for easy post-installation repair/replacement available in both a ribbed bar and full abrasive
RENOVATION TREADS update an older stair tread - existing concrete or wood stairs easy installation aesthetically pleasing and safe walking surface eliminates the requirement to pour a new stair renovation treads are an economical solution to worn stairs or existing nosings that have failed
EXTRUDED ALUMINUM:VISION LINE California Title 24/Vision Impaired requirements a solid and continuous stripe shall be applied to the horizontal leading edge of the step and shall extend for the full length of the step outlining stripes shall have a minimum horizontal width of 1 inch additional option to include a visual line to the edge of the tread
EXTRUDED ALUMINUM: PHOTOLUMINESCENT Photoluminescent (glow-in-the-dark) aluminum treads were introduced to provide additional illumination verify tread meets IBC codes for luminescence reference UL code 1994, Luminous Egress Path Marking Systems, for additional requirements
AESTHETICS MATTER
CAST ALUMINUM 319 aluminum alloy and additive metals for strength and durability cast in sand beds good machining characteristics cross-hatch finish with silicon carbide to improve coefficient of friction
CAST IRON comply with ASTM A-48-70 cross-hatch finish with silicon carbide help improves coefficient of friction finished with a coat of black paint which helps prevent rust
CODE COMPLIANCE check with code authorities to determine the stair design requirements for the building that you are designing
CODE COMPLIANCE ensure the design is up to local code - generally updated every two - three years - many municipalities do not adopt current standard code these standards should also be referenced when specifying: ASTM F-1637 - The Practice for Safe Walking Surfaces mandates slip resistance under exterior and interior environmental conditions American National Standard ICC A-117.1 - Prescriptive Requirements to Achieve Barrier-Free Environments
ADA COMPLIANCE defines requirements for barrier free stairways ADA in American National Standard A117.1 standard adopted by other codes a ddresses: - dimensional requirements for stair risers, stair treads, and stair nosings - slip resistance of walkways and ramps - minimum recommendations for COF: - walkways/stair treads -.60 or above - ramps -.80 for ramps
OSHA ISSUES the mission of OSHA is to protect workers from injury while at work: - requires all stair nosings to be slip resistant - COF of.60 or above for walkways and.80 for ramps - requires dimensional uniformity in stairway design
INSTALLATION PREPARATION proper substrate prep is crucial - sound backing is required level the existing surface prior to installation failure to provide a uniform surface for installation may result in system failure
INSTALLATION PREPARATION complete coverage of concrete under the installed stair tread is critical voids or gaps can lead to flexing and cracking avoid cantilever of tread over step which can also lead to cracking
INSTALLATION METHODS wood screws for new and existing wood stairs wing anchors for new cast-in-place concrete stairs and nosings expansion anchors for existing concrete, masonry and stone stairs (not shown) cast-in bolt mech. fastened cast-in extruded anchor wing nut when a stair tread and nosing are installed in cast-in-place concrete - installer should tamp the stair tread and nosing into place so they are solidly backed by the cast-in-place concrete, which will avoid installation failure in the future
MAINTENANCE sweep or vacuum once a week scrub with stiff bristled brush and mild detergent as needed (rinse thoroughly) do not use solvent based cleaners (breaks down epoxy) use fine steel wool and commercial cleaning agent for scuff marks sodium chloride salt to remove snow/ice (exterior)
MAINTENANCE look for manufacturers who provide repair kits to: - restore cracked tread/nosing - repair dislodged abrasive strip NOTE: repair products are to be used for small areas and do not offer the same stability of the abrasive materials installed at the manufacturer s facility
INSTALLATION EXAMPLES LOCATION Ridgedale Center Minnetonka, MN interior stairs in a shopping mall with high traffic areas and requirement for design aesthetics SOLUTION Ribbed Bar Abrasive stair tread nosings for longevity and superior anti-slip properties
INSTALLATION EXAMPLES LOCATION 9/11 World Trade Center Museum New York, NY SOLUTION Inset Stair Tread Nosings in Terrazzo Stair Application interior and exterior application - aesthetics was a primary consideration so the inset product was chosen - carries the design aesthetics from the outside in
INSTALLATION EXAMPLES LOCATION Apartments Herndon, VA SOLUTION surface mount after-market renovation ribbed abrasive stair tread nosings renovation of a multi-tenant facility: improved stair performance and aesthetics at the lowest cost
REVIEW upon completion of this course, the design professional will be able to: 1. discuss the importance of using stair treads 2. identify types of manufactured stair treads and nosings that are available, and where to use the different tread types 3. describe advantages of two part stair treads and nosings 4. discuss photo-luminescent stair treads and the building code 5. differentiate and distinguish the elements of stair treads and nosings that make them safe and compliant with applicable codes and standards 6. compare proper installation strategies on different types of new and existing stair construction 7. explore successful cleaning and maintenance methods required for ongoing safe and slip resistant stair treads and walkways
STEP UP TO SAFETY Course #: NYS05B 1 AIA HSW CE Hour Ron Blank & Associates, Inc. 2015