AKF Group LLC 780 CMR 9 th Edition: Major Changes AKF T A. Vernon Woodworth FAIA 3/14/17
Credit(s) earned on completion of this course will be reported to AIA CES for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for both AIA members and non-aia members are available upon request. This course is registered with AIA CESfor continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.
Copyright Materials This presentation is protected by US and International Copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the presentation without written permission of the speaker is prohibited. AKF Group LLC 2017
Course Description The 9 th edition of 780 CMR, the Massachusetts State Building Code, is expected to be adopted by July 1, 2017. At this point the Board of Building Regulations and Standards has released a draft of proposed amendments to the 2015 International Building Code (IBC), 2015 International Residential Code (IRC), and 2015 International Existing Building Code (IEBC). This presentation will cover only major changes expected to the commercial (i.e., other than detached one-and two-family dwellings) requirements for new construction, as compared to the current 8 th edition based on the 2009 IBC.
Learning Objectives At the end of the this course, participants will be able to: (1) Identify the applicable national model building codes making up the 9 th edition of 780 CMR. (2) Understand the process and intent of amendments to the 9 th edition. (3) Negotiate revisions of format and content. (4) Locate major differences between the 8 th and 9 th editions of 780 CMR.
Code Adoption: Massachusetts to adopt the 2015 I-Codes, with amendments, as the basis for the 9 th edition, as follows: 2015 International Building Code (IBC) 2015 International Residential Code (IRC) 2015 International Existing Building Code (IEBC) 2015 International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) 2015 International Mechanical Code (IMC)
Massachusetts amends all model codes for several reasons: To ensure consistency with Mass General Laws. To coordinate with other specialty codes adopted by different Boards that are not based on the International Family of Codes. Based on successful lobbying efforts by special interest groups.
Adoption expected July 2017 Existing buildings will continue to be subject to upgrade requirements as are currently enforced: IEBC compliance options, sprinklers in non-residential occupancies per M.G.L. Ch. 148 S. 26G, 527 CMR. The first public hearing was held last week in Boston and the second public hearing was held yesterday in Springfield. Public comments can be submitted in writing until close of business on April 10. Written comments shall be sent to: Robert.Anderson@state.ma.us
New Provisions: Additional provisions for storm shelters New requirements for assembly occupancies on roofs New requirements for carbon monoxide detection Additional clarification for combustible projections on buildings Less restrictive requirements for horizontal separations in podium buildings: the building below the horizontal separation is no longer limited to one-story, and any occupancy is permitted below the separation except Group H. Storm shelters are now required in all critical emergency facilities such as 911 centers and fire, ambulance and police stations, in areas where the design tornado wind speed is in excess of 250 mph. Schools with an occupant load greater than 50 are also required to include a storm shelter within the 250 mph design area (Section 423).
The 2015 International Energy Conservation Code, already in effect will continue the familiar format and options for compliance from the 2009 IECC. Required inspections include: Footing and foundation inspection Framing and rough-in inspection Plumbing rough-in inspection Mechanical rough-in inspection Electrical rough-in inspection Final inspection As part of the 9 th edition adoption process the IECC Is subject to another round of potential amendments, including solar-readiness for 1&2 family buildings and electric vehicle charging stations.
IECC C402.4.1 Prescriptive percentage of vertical fenestration area to gross wall area: Allowed up to 30% In climate zones 1-6 up to 40% maximum of above-grade wall area permitted with daylight controls, and VT is >1.1 times SHGC.. Prescriptive percentage of skylight fenestration area to gross roof area: Limited to <3% of roof area In climate zones 1-6 up to 5% if automatic daylighting controls installed in daylight zones under skylights.
Table of Contents: Ch. 1: Scope and Administration (Unique to MA) Ch. 6: Types of Construction (no amendments) Ch. 7: Fire and Smoke Protection Features (no amendments) Ch. 15: Roof Assemblies and Rooftop Structures (no amendments) Ch. 17: Special Inspections and Tests (no amendments) Ch. 25: Gypsum Board, Gypsum Panel, Products and Plaster (no amendments)
IBC 111.1 Use and Occupancy A change in a building use, or portion thereof, with no change in its occupancy classification will now require a new Certificate of Occupancy.
780 CMR 105.9 (MA Amemdment) Independent Structural Engineering Review Condition: As a condition for the issuance of a building permit, the structural design of the following described structures shall be reviewed by a registered design professional to verify that the design of the primary structure is conceptually correct and that there are no major errors in the design: 1. High rise buildings. 2. Structures of unusual complexity or design as determined by the BBRS. A building official may apply to the BBRS for such a determination on a specific structure. This requirement shall not preclude an owner from obtaining an independent structural engineering design review of a primary structure, other than those listed in this section.
Definitions: Lodging House (Section 202) A one-family dwelling with five or fewer guest rooms where one or more occupants are primarily permanent in nature and compensation is provided for the guest rooms. R-3 as distinct from R-1. Fire Area (Mass Amendment) The aggregate area of the building regardless of subdivisions by fire barriers, fire walls, or horizontal assemblies. Alternative Means of Design now includes the statement Where the alternative material, design or method of construction is not approved, the building official shall respond in writing, stating the reasons why the alternative was not approved. (Section 104.11) Substantial Structural Damage (Section 202)
IBC 202 Horizontal Exit An exit component consisting of fireresistance rated construction and opening protectives intended to compartmentalize portions of a building thereby creating refuge areas that afford safety from the fire and smoke from the area of fire origin. IBC 202 Platform A raised area within a building used for worship, the presentation of music, plays or other entertainment; the head table for special guests; the raised area for lecturers and speakers; boxing and wrestling rings; theater-in-the-round stages; and similar purposes wherein, other than horizontal sliding curtains, there are no overhead hanging curtains, drops, scenery or stage effects other than lighting and sound. IBC 202 Private Garage A building or portion of a building in which motor vehicles used by the tenants of the building or buildings on the premises are stored or kept, without provisions for repairing or servicing such vehicles for profit.
Use Groups: Food processing establishments and commercial kitchens not associated with restaurants and similar dining facilities are now classified as Use Group B if they do not exceed 2,500 s.f. If they exceed 2,500 s.f.they are classified as Use Group F- 1(Section 306.2). Use Group I-1 (assisted living) now includes two subconditions: Condition 1 in which all occupants receiving care can, without assistance, respond to an emergency situation to complete building evacuation, and Condition 2, in which the occupants require limited verbal or physical assistance to respond in an emergency situation (Section 308.3). I-2(Hospitals) now also includes sub-conditions: Condition 1 refers to facilities which provide nursing and medical care but do not provide emergency care or surgery. Condition 2 includes facilities which provide nursing and medical care with emergency care.
IBC 304.1 Use Group B includes Training and skill development not in a school or academic program (this shall include, but not be limited to, tutoring centers, martial arts studios, gymnastics and similar uses regardless of the ages served, and where not classified as a Group A occupancy) IBC 310.6 Residential Group R-4 now includes two conditions: Condition 1. This occupancy condition shall include buildings in which all persons receiving custodial care, without any assistance, are capable of responding to an emergency situation to complete building evacuation. Condition 2. This occupancy condition shall include buildings in which there are any persons receiving custodial care who require limited verbal or physical assistance while responding to an emergency situation to complete building evacuation.
IBC 404.5 Smoke Control In other than Group I-2, and Group I-1, Condition 2, smoke control is not required for atriums that connect only two stories. IBC 404.9, 404.10Egress Travel through an Atrium The three distinct travel distance conditions that could potentially occur for areas open to an atrium are now each addressed individually in order to clarify their application. IBC 407.5 Smoke Barriers The maximum allowable smoke compartment size for Group I-2, Condition 2 hospitals and similar occupancies has been increased to 40,000 square feet. IBC 423.3 Storm Shelters Serving Critical Emergency Operations Facilities The construction of complying storm shelters is now required in critical emergency operations facilities where such facilities are located in geographical areas where the shelter design wind speed for tornadoes is at its highest.
IBC 423.4 Group E Occupancies Storm shelters are now required in Group E occupancies located in those areas of the United States where the shelter design wind speed for tornadoes is the highest.
Height and Area Limitations: Table 503 has been completely reformatted and expanded. Individual tables are now provided for building height, number of stories and building area. The tables also now include the increased height and area allowances when automatic sprinkler protection is provided. No changes in technical application. NS- Not Sprinkled S-Sprinkled with a NFPA 13 system S13R-Sprinkled with a NFPA 13R system S1-Sprinkled building (NFPA 13) with a maximum of 1 story SM-Sprinkled building (NFPA 13) with two or more stories
IBC 505.2.3 Exception 2 Direct access to at least one exit at the mezzanine level is no longer required for those enclosed mezzanines regulated by Exception 2 of Section 505.2.3. A mezzanine having two or more exits or access to exits is not required to be open to the room in which the mezzanine is located if at least one of the means of egress provides direct access to an exit from the mezzanine level.
IBC 507.1 (Unlimited Area Buildings) The area of buildings of the occupancies and configurations specified in Sections 507.1 through 507.12 shall not be limited. Basements not more than one story below grade plane shall be permitted.
The Special Provisions section removes the restriction limiting the podium/pedestal portion of the building to one story (IBC 510.2(2)). As a result the podium/pedestal portion can go to any height without imposing a limit on the number of stories allowed in the property. The restrictions on occupancies allowed in the podium/pedestal portion of the building have also been revised (IBC 510.2(5)).
Footnote d to Table 601 has been deleted: d. An approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 shall be allowed to be substituted for 1-hour fireresistance-rated construction, provided such system is not otherwise required by other provisions of the code or used for an allowable area increase in accordance with Section 506.3 or an allowable height increase in accordance with Section 504.2. The 1-hour substitution for the fire-resistance of exterior walls shall not be permitted.
IBC 602.4, Heavy Timber, Revised to allow the use of equivalent size dimensions for fire-retardant-treated lumber, cross-laminated timber and glued-laminated plank in specific locations.
IBC 602.4.2 Cross-Laminated Timber in Exterior Walls Cross-laminated timber complying with Section 2303.1.4 shall be permitted within exterior wall assemblies with a 2-hour rating or less, provided the exterior surface of the cross-laminated timber is protected by one of the following: 1. Fire-retardant-treated wood sheathing complying with Section 2303.2 and not less than 15/32 inch (12 mm) thick; 2. Gypsum board not less than ½ inch (12.7 mm) thick; or 3. A noncombustible material.
IBC 704.4 Protection of Secondary Members Secondary members that are required to have a fireresistance rating shall be protected by individual encasement protection. by the membrane or ceiling of a horizontal assembly in accordance with Section 711, or by a combination of both. 704.4.2 Horizontal Assemblies Horizontal assemblies are permitted to be protected with a membrane ceiling where the membrane or ceiling provides the required fireresistance rating and are installed in accordance with Section 711.
Table 705.2 Projection of Exterior Walls Projections are not permitted to be closer than 24 inches to the lot line (or an assumed imaginary line between buildings on the same lot), and the minimum required separation is increased by 8 inches for every foot of additional fire separation distance beyond 3 feet.providing a gradual increase in the required separation distance (8 inches per foot) eliminates an inconsistency in the 2012 code.
IBC 705.3 Exception #2 Buildings on the Same Lot permits a parking garage of Construction Type I or IIA to abut a Group R- 2 building with 1½-hour protected openings (fire doors) in the abutting exterior wall of the garage and no required opening protective(s) in the abutting wall of a sprinkled R-2 building. Previous editions of the code did not permit any openings in these abutting exterior walls that are required at a 0 fire separation distance apart and required a fire wall design between such buildings to be permitted to have openings between the abutting buildings.
IBC 705.6 Structural Element Bracing of Exterior Wall Interior structural elements such as floor or roof elements, that brace exterior walls are no longer required to be regulated for fire resistance due to the exterior wall s rating regardless of the building s proximity to a lot line. IBC 705.8.5 Vertical Separation of Openings Where a fire-resistance-rated wall is provided to address the concern of a fire spreading out of the building and then exposing an upper-level opening, the exterior wall must be rated from both sides, regardless of the fire-separation distance.
IBC 706.2 Structural Stability of Fire Walls The reference to NFPA 221 for fire wall design and construction has been expanded to permit the use of the tied and cantilevered options addressed in the standard. Fire walls shall have sufficient structural stability under fire conditionsbe designed and constructed to allow collapse of constructionthe structureon either side without collapse of the wall under fire conditions, for the duration of time indicated by the required fire-resistance rating, or shall befire walls designed and constructed as double fire walls in accordance with NFPA 221 shall be deemed to comply with this section.
IBC 705.6 Exterior fire-rated walls that are braced by floor or roof assemblies that have a lesser fire resistance rating are now permitted. Previous editions of the IBC Code required Construction Type III buildings with two-hour fire-rated exterior walls to be upgraded to the two-hour fire rating. IBC 714.4.2 Exception 7 allows for ceiling membrane penetration of 1-and 2-hour fire-resistance-rated assemblies to extend up and attach directly to the underside of joist/trusses floor and roof fire-rated assemblies. This section has been further modified to permit the wood framed walls to be sheathed solely with Type X gypsum wallboard in lieu of being a fire resistance rated wall assembly.
IBC 714.4.2 Membrane Penetrations Where the double top plates of a wall interrupt the ceiling membrane of a horizontal assembly, the wall must now be sheathed only with Type X gypsum wallboard. The wall will not require a fire-resistance rating unless needed due to some other code requirement. IBC 717.1.1 Ducts and Air Transfer Openings Ducts are allowed to leave a fire-rated shaft enclosure, transition horizontally, and then enter another fire-rated shaft if the duct penetrations on each side of the shafts are protected with fire dampers. (Not permitted for clothes dryer exhaust ducts or any other ducts that the I-Codes require to be continuous and uninterrupted)
Fire Protection: Fire Dept. Access: MA Amendment requires 20 foot wide access road (not 18 ) Non-flammable and non-combustible hazardous materials such as: Oxidizers, Unstable Materials, Toxics, Highly Toxics, Corrosives, and Water Reactives, regulation defers to 527 CMR (MA Amend.) References to IFC 1 may be re-routed to 527 CMR (unresolved) Maintenance of fire protection systems in accordance with 527 CMR (not NFPA 25) (MA Amend.) Smoke and carbon monoxide detection and notification system required for overnight shelters (MA Amend.) Townhouses over 12,000 sf require NFPA 13 sprinkler system, less than 12,000 sf require NFPA 13R system (MA Amend.) Interconnected heat detection required in attached garages (MA Amend.)
Fire alarm shop drawings are now required to include design minimum audibility level for occupant notification (Section 907.1.2) Smoke detection installation near cooking appliances and bathrooms is addressed to avoid potential nuisance alarms. Photoelectric smoke detectors are required to be installed a minimum of 6 feet from cooking appliances, while ionizationtype smoke detectors are generally required to be installed 20 feet from cooking appliances. Additionally smoke detectors are required to be installed a minimum of 3 feet away from bathrooms which contain a shower or tub (Sections 907.11.3 and 907.11.4).
IBC 915.1.1 Carbon monoxide detection is now required for Group I-1, I-2, I-4, Group R and Group E occupancies when fuel-burning appliances and fireplaces are installed.
IBC 903.2.1.6 Assembly Occupancies on Roofs Occupant loads greater than 100 in Group A-2 or greater than 300 for other Group A on rooftops require all floors to and including the level of exit discharge to be sprinkled.
IBC 903.3.1.1.2 Exempt Locations for NFPA 13 Sprinklers An exemption for sprinkler systems in small residential bathrooms has been introduced into the IBC because the provision was removed from the current edition of the referenced NFPA 13 standard. IBC 904.13 Domestic Cooking Systems in Group I-2 Condition 1 Requirements for domestic appliances installed within commercial facilities but used only for domestic cooking have been clarified, including provisions for an appropriate fire-extinguishing system for domestic cooking equipment in nursing homes, assisted living facilities and similar buildings.
A smoke detection system, which is monitored and can individually sound specific notification appliances, can be substituted for required single and multi-station smoke alarms in sleeping rooms. This expectation reflects the ability for today s fire alarm control systems to program a highly specific sequence of operation (Section907.2.11.7). When required, manual fire alarm pull stations must be 5 feet from exit doors, but now are only required every 200 feet when the building does not have an automatic sprinkler system (Section 907.4.2.1).
Chapter 10, Means of Egress, is now renumbered, sections are reformatted and relocated. Section 1006 now addresses the number of means of egress that are required and Section 1007 addresses the arrangement and separation of means-of-egress routes.
Egress: Section 202, Exit Access Ramp, Exit Access Stairway, Exterior Exit Stairway definitions were modified, a new definition for Exterior Exit Ramp was added, and the Stairway, Interior definition was deleted. All other Chapter 10 egress sections were modified to match the new and revised definitions. Section 1027.3,was modified to allow required structural columns, beams, handrails and guards to be included in the open side of exterior exit stairways and ramps.
Egress (cont.): Section 1004 was revised to clarify cumulative occupant loads for intervening spaces and mezzanines and how only the cumulative occupant load should be applied based upon the number of exits or exit access doorways provided within that space or area. Section 1003.3 Protruding Objects on circulation pathsshall comply with the requirements of Sections 1003.3.1 through 1003.3.4. (circulation path: an exterior or interior way of passage from one place to another for pedestrians ). Table 1004.1.2 Maximum Floor Area Allowances Per Occupant: Mercantile = 60 gross regardless of level Storage, stock and shipping areas related to Mercantile = 300 gross Section 1005.5 Where more than one exit, or access to more than one exit, is required, the means of egress shall be configured such that the loss of any one exit, or access to one exit, shall not reduce the available capacity of width to less than 50 percent of the required capacity or width.
IBC 1011.12 Stairway to Roof For stairways in buildings greater than four stories above grade plane that do not have an occupied roof or elevator equipment on the roof, access to the roof does not need to be by one of the stairways in the building. It can be provided by an alternating tread device, a ship s ladder or a permanent ladder. IBC 1011 and 1011.16 describe when ladders can be used to access certain areas that are not typically considered to be occupied, and thus do not need to be served by a means of egress.
IBC 1015.8 Window Opening Guard Protection Window openings more than 72 above grade that are less than 36 above the floor must be protected with guards or fixed openings that will not allow the passage of a four-inch-diameter sphere. Also required for replacement windows per IEBC 406.2 and 702.4.
IBC 1016.2 Egress through Intervening Spaces 1. Exit access through an enclosed elevator lobby is permitted. Access to at least one of the required exits shall be provided without travel through the enclosed elevator lobbies required by Section 3006, 3007, or 3008. Where the path of exit access travel passes through an enclosed elevator lobby, the level of protection required for the enclosed elevator lobby is not required to be extended to the exit unless direct access to an exit is required by other sections of this code.
IBC 1017.2.2 An increased exit access travel distance is now permitted for Groups F-1 and S-1occupancies where specific requirements are met. The maximum exit access travel distance shall be 400 feet in Group F-1 and S-1occupancies where all of the following conditions are met: 1. The portion of the building classified as Group F-1 ors-1 is limited to one story in height. 2. The minimum height from the finished floor to the bottom of the ceiling or roof slab or deck is 24 feet. 3. The building is equipped throughout with an automatic fire sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.
IBC 1023.3.1 Stairway Extension An interior exit stairway is now permitted to continue directly into an exit passageway without a required fire door assembly to separate the two elements. Exceptions: 2. Separation between an interior exit stairway or ramp and the exit passageway extension shall not be required where there are no openings into the exit passageway extension.
Structural: Section 1603.1.3 was revised to require all snow drift surcharge loads and drift widths to be shown on the construction documents, unless the total of flat roof snow load plus the drift surcharge is less than 20 psf. The IBCdefinitions for flexible and rigid diaphragms were deleted and Sections 1604.4, 1610.1, and 1613.3.5revised to remove conflicts with diaphragm definitions and torsional requirements in ASCE 7-10. Table 1607.1 was modified to exempt low-slope and flat canopies on oneand two-family dwellings from the 75 psfload required if the canopy can be accessed from a window. The traditional load of 20 psffor these elements is restored.
1607.12.3.1 Vegetative and Landscaped Roofs A definition has been added to the code: VEGETATIVE ROOF. An assembly of interacting components designed to waterproof and normally insulate a building s top surface that includes, by design, vegetation and related landscape elements.
IBC 1607.12.5 Photovoltaic Panel Systems Design requirements for roof structures supporting photovoltaic (PV) solar panels and modules have been added to Section 1607.
Structural (cont.): New provisions were added requiring an assessment by an engineer when excavation exposes the foundation of an existing building, and limiting the amount of fill that can be placed adjacent to an existing building unless an evaluation shows the structure can support the additional surcharge. The concrete exposure categories in Section 1904.1 applicable to all buildings and minimum compressive strength requirements for Group R buildings in Section 1904.2 are removed and replaced with references to ACI 318. An exception is provided which retains the traditional 3,000 psi requirement for basement and foundation walls and other walls exposed to the weather for low-rise Group R-2 and R-3 buildings.
Chapter 34, Existing Structures, has been deleted from the IBC entirely. All requirements for the repair or alterations of existing buildings are now found in the International Existing Building Code (IEBC).
This concludes The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems Course Contact Information WWW.AKFGROUP.COM