Federico Butera, Politecnico di Milano
Energy end uses Europe 2004 (Source: Eurostat Yearbook 2006-2007)
EU Targets: Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by 20% and ensure 20% of renewable energy sources in the EU energy mix; to reduce EU primary energy use by 20% by 2020. Official Opening Ceremony of The Zero Emission Conference Center Szentendre, 27.06.2008
UK building code
Roadmap Towards Zero Emission Buildings 1. Minimise Energy Demand (architectural design) 2. Minimise Primary Energy Consumption 3. Maximise Renewable Energy Use Official Opening Ceremony of The Zero Emission Conference Center Szentendre, 27.06.2008
Minimise Energy Demand (architectural design) Some basic rules must be followed, aiming to meet the best thermal and visual comfort condition with low energy demand, thermal and electrical. Protect from solar radiation in summer Improve building insulation Take profit of ventilation in summer Enhance solar radiation benefits in winter Official Opening Ceremony of The Zero Emission Conference Center Szentendre, 27.06.2008
Minimise Energy Demand (architectural design) SIEEB Building at Tsinghua University, Beijing 21st march Shape analysis
Minimise Energy Demand (architectural design) - Residential buildings U K Compact shape and glazed to opaque ratio Italy
Minimise Energy Demand (architectural design) Commercial buildings Science House at the Science Museum of Minnesota (USA) Educational building, Devon, UK REC CC, Szentendre, Hungary Official Opening Ceremony of The Zero Emission Conference Center Szentendre, 27.06.2008
Maximise Energy Demand (architectural design) Commercial buildings
Maximise Energy Demand (architectural design) The intention The reality
Minimise Energy Demand (architectural design) REC Conference Center, Szentendre, Hungary
Minimise Energy Demand (architectural design) REC Conference Center, Szentendre, Hungary Before After
Minimise Energy Demand (architectural design) Daylighting enhancement and glare control at REC CC
Library - January 8 - Overcast day 3000 1000 900 2500 800 700 2000 600 W 1500 500 400 1000 300 200 500 100 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 W Minimise Energy Demand (architectural design) W/m 2 Library - January 18 - Clear day 3000 2500 2000 1000 500 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Lighting (W) Solar radiation on horizontal (W/m2) Lighting (W) Solar radiation on horizontal (W/m2) Daylighting enhancement and glare control at REC CC Library - June 14 - Clear day 2500 1000 900 2000 800 700 1500 600 500 1000 400 300 500 200 100 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Lighting (W) Solar radiation on horizontal (W/m2) W/m 2 W 1500 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 W/m 2 Official Opening Ceremony of The Zero Emission Conference Center Szentendre, 27.06.2008
Minimise Primary Energy Consumption (energy conversion technologies) Electricity Heat Pump Heating system Cooling system CHP Unit Electricity Heat
Minimise Primary Energy Consumption (energy conversion technologies) Gas Hydrogen? Biofuel? SIEEB at Tsinghua University
REC CC, Hungary Zero Carbon Residential Building, Italy Winter mode Summer mode
Minimise Primary Energy Consumption (energy conversion technologies) High efficiency lighting equipment High efficiency electric appliances
Minimise Primary Energy Consumption (energy supply system) Pumps and fans 53% Variable speed pumps and fans Lighting 23% Equipment 24%
Minimise Primary Energy Consumption (advanced control)
Minimise Primary Energy Consumption (advanced control) Artificial lighting management at REC CC
Minimise Primary Energy Consumption (advanced control) Air loop Outside air Exhaust air Air loop Outside air Exhaust air E C O N E C O N Air Handling Unit 2a Air Handling Unit 2a Conference and Multifunctional CO 2 sensors Conference Multifunctional Variable renewal air flow according to the number of occupants Official Opening Ceremony of The Zero Emission Conference Center Szentendre, 27.06.2008
Maximise Renewable Energy Use Electricity Heating system Heat Cooling system
Maximise Renewable Energy Use Mini-hydro e geothermal energy
Solar PV (HU) Solar PV + Thermal (IT) Wind (UK) Biomass + solar PV + wind (UK)
Architectural design HVAC system design Construction
Architectural design Energy analysis HVAC system design Construction
REC Building simulated energy demand
Maximise Renewable Energy Use Building integrated PV system High estimate Low estimate Computed Lighting & equipment 6,100 5,500 5,800 HVAC 8,000 5,000 6,100 GHSP (Heat pumps + GHX pumps) 14,000 9,000 12,700 Total building consumption 28,100 19,500 25,000 PV production 29,500 25,000 26,500 Official Opening Ceremony of The Zero Emission Conference Center Szentendre, 27.06.2008
A new energy paradigm for a sustainable built environment: Distributed Generation
BedZed (UK)
Green Community in Italy: exploiting all the local resources