Name: Class: Date: Earth Science Chapter 6 Section 1 Review Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. What process is illustrated by the arrows labeled A in Figure 6-1? a. precipitation c. runoff b. evaporation d. infiltration 2. In Figure 6-1, what process is illustrated by the arrows labeled D? a. precipitation c. runoff b. evaporation d. infiltration 3. The water cycle is the. a. distribution of drinking water on Earth b. unending circulation of Earth s water supply c. the recycling of water after industrial use d. the evaporation of water from Earth s surface 4. Plants release water into the atmosphere through a process called. a. evaporation c. infiltration b. transpiration d. precipitation 5. Balance in the water cycle means that. a. the average annual precipitation over Earth equals the amount of water that evaporates b. water that falls to Earth only enters oceans c. the amount of water that falls to Earth weighs the same as the amount that condenses in clouds d. water that evaporates from Earth s surface remains forever in the atmosphere 2
Name: 6. The ability of a stream to erode and transport material depends largely on its. a. width c. velocity b. length d. density 7. Which of the following factors does NOT influence stream velocity? a. channel size and shape c. stream elevation b. stream gradient d. discharge of stream 8. The single most important erosional agent on Earth is. a. wind c. ocean waves b. glaciers d. running water 9. If you were to examine the profile of a typical stream, you would probably find that the gradient is. a. steepest near the mouth b. steepest near the head c. about the same at both the head and the mouth d. gentler near the head 10. The vertical drop of a stream channel over a certain distance is called. a. discharge c. gradient b. channel roughness d. runoff 11. Base level is. a. any part of the stream that is below sea level b. the lowest point to which a stream can erode its channel c. the source from which the stream flows d. the elevation of a stream s largest tributary 12. What is the ultimate base level of a stream? a. a large lake c. a resistant layer of rock b. the ocean d. a larger stream Completion Complete each statement. 13. The release of water vapor into the atmosphere by plants is referred to as. 14. The ability of a stream to erode and transport materials is determined mainly by the stream s. 2
Name: 15. The of a stream is the amount of water flowing past a certain point in a given unit of time. 16. The maximum depth to which a stream can erode is called. Short Answer: ON THE TEST, you will have to complete TWO SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS from ALL of the short answer questions that appear in the chapter. 17. What are the five major processes that are involved in the water cycle? 18. How is the water cycle balanced? 19. List the factors that determine a stream s velocity. 20. How do the gradient and discharge of a stream change from its headwaters to its mouth? 3
Name: Essay: ON THE TEST, you will have to complete ONE ESSAY QUESTION from ALL of the essay questions that appear in the chapter. 21. Briefly describe the movement of water through the water cycle. 4
Earth Science Chapter 6 Section 1 Review Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.1 2. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.1 3. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.1 4. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.1 5. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.2 6. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.3 7. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.3 8. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.3 9. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.4 10. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.4 11. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.5 12. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.5 COMPLETION 13. ANS: transpiration PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.1 14. ANS: velocity PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.3 15. ANS: discharge PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.4 16. ANS: base level PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.5 SHORT ANSWER 17. ANS: precipitation, evaporation, transpiration, infiltration, and runoff PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.1 18. ANS: The water cycle is balanced when the average annual precipitation over Earth equals the amount of water that evaporates. PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.2 1
19. ANS: the stream s discharge and the stream channel s gradient, shape, size, and roughness PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.3 20. ANS: A stream s gradient decreases between its headwaters and its mouth, and its discharge increases from its headwaters to its mouth. PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: 6.4 ESSAY 21. ANS: Energy from the sun evaporates water from Earth s surface both the land surface and the oceans into the atmosphere. The water vapor in the atmosphere falls back to the surface as precipitation. If the water falls on the continents, much of it will find its way back to the atmosphere through evaporation and through transpiration by plants. Some water will soak into the ground to become groundwater through the process of infiltration, and some water will run off the land surface into the oceans, rivers, or lakes. PTS: 1 DIF: L2 OBJ: 6.1 2