and Crops Know how. Know now. - PDF Free Download

Integrating Livestock and Crops Know how. Know now. Terry Gompert UNL Extension Educator-Knox County Holistic Management Certified Educator 402-288 288-5611 tgompert1@unl.edu

Terry s Different Hats UNL Extension Educator-Grazing Ga Focus Certified Educator for Holistic Management Rancher/Grassfed Beef Producer Follower of Christian Principles

Grass Based Agriculture Good for the Land Good for the Animals Good for Man Good for the Ecosystems Sustainable God Blessed Gompert s Hypothesis

To be right, the right decision i making is required. -Allan Savory

Your Grazing Plan Needs to Move Toward Your Holisticgoal How do you want your life to be? What do you have to produce for it to happen? How does the land need to be to provide the life that you and your family desire?

Holistic Management Testing

YOUR CHECKLIST FOR BETTER DECISIONS 1. CAUSE & EFFECT look beyond look beyond symptoms 2. WEAK LINK consider people, biological life, money 3. MARGINAL REACTION best bang for buck 4. GROSS PROFIT ANALYSIS comparison 5. MONEY/ENERGY SOURCE /USE 6. SUSTAINABILITY towards health of your land 7. SOCIETY & CULTURE gut feeling

Testing Agriculture Systems Cause & Effect Weak Link Marginal Reaction Gross Profit Analysis Money/Energy Source/Use Sustainability Society & Culture Grass Based Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Industrial Based No No Maybe Yes No No No

Corn Being Harvested by Big Combine Big Feedlot Desertification Crime/Unhappiness Failure of Society Monoculture Agriculture Resulting In:

Barta Ranch Photos by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension

How We Farm/Ranch Does Make A Difference

Our Food Source Matters Photo by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension

Jo Robinson

Much Goes Into Animal and Land Performance/Profits Animal Land Healthy Well Adjusted (low stress) Acclimated Working for You Forage Exceptional Quality People Abundant Quantity Fl Consistent High Brix Healthy & Alive Productive Organic Matter Soil Cover Soil Depth Water Mineralized Knowledge Flexibility Grazier s Eye Begin With The End In Mind

Starting Point Catalyst t Needed d Have a Can Do Attitude Manage for What I Want Monitor for Proactive Decision Making

Holistic Management Grazing Planning: Getting Animals to the Right Place at the Right Time for the Right Reasons

Holistic Management Grazing Planning: Matching Cycles Enhancing/Symbiosis Feedback Loop

Let s Match Animal Nutrition Cycle(s) Source: Holistic Management Handbook

Forage Converters Tool of Grazing, Rest, and Animal Impact Photo by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension

A Slash of Technology

Enhanced by Human Creativity, Money, and Labor Photo by Bev Henkel, Norfolk

Consider Forage Chain Winter Spring Summer Fall Winter J F M A M J J A S O N D LEGUME based perennial pastures Winter Annuals Winter Annuals Summer Annuals High Quality Hays High Quality Hays Corn (grazing)

But Never Run Out Of Forage Photo by Kit Pharo

Cold Stress Region Neg. H 2 O Bal. Heat Stress Region Source: Terry Mader, UNL Extension

A Goal of Grazing Year-Round Identify appropriate forage to fill the gap Choose the appropriate grazing system Give appropriate quality & quantity of feed to meet your goal

Year-Round Grazing Photos by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension

Photo by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension Photo by Bev Henkel, Norfolk

Photos by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension Know how. Know now.

Photo by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension

Utilize what you have Manage for what you want Work with Nature Graze Year-round round Be Flexible Jim Faulstich South Dakota Rancher

Forage Quality is Affected by Many Factors: Density of Plants Plant Complexity Grazing Management Recovery Period Fertility Program Maturity of Forage When Grazed Time of Year

Photo by Jeanne Young, Wausa Photo by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension

Utilization is mostly a function of the grazing method used and generally the higher the stock density, the greater the utilization.

Photo by Chad Peterson, Newport Know how. Know now.

Integrating Cattle and Crops Can heal the land Moves toward sustainability Photos by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension

November 1996 Cows 30 miles from home 20 inches of snow and ice covered stocks Winter Feed! Fall pairs strip grazing standing corn/m. DeBlauw Summer/Fall strip grazing 1000 pound steers/gompert 1996 Photos by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension

Gompert 96 Photos by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension

Fencing Gompert 96 Photos by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension

Winter Strip Grazing Dry Cows Gompert 96 Photo by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension

3 Year Summary Year Yield Acres Cows Days Days/a Days/bu 1998 168 2.2 106 20 963 5.73 1999 182 4.5 138 33 1012 5.56 2000 156 10.0 93 80 744 4.77 Source: WIU Beef Research

Seeding Turnips & Oats Grazing Standing Corn Seeding turnips and oats on grazed standing Winter grazing 700 pound heifers corn/gompert 97 Gompert 97 Photos by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension

Grazing Spring Planted Turnips and Oats Yearlings grazing oats and turnips in June/Gompert 97 Spring planted oats and turnips in May/Gompert 97 Photos by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension

Non Irrigated Purple Top Turnip Date of Planting and Effect on Yield Niobrara, NE (Approximately 21 Inch Rain Fall) With 7 Replications Plot Harvested October 7 Date Planted Days to Harvest %Protein %DM %TDN Tons Wet Yield Tons Dry Yield May 1 160 17.9 28.0 77.2 28.5 7.8 May 22 139 17.4 27.5 74.3 27.6 7.4 June 12 118 18.4 26.8 70.1 22.4 5.8 July 21 79 20.3 23.5 73.5 19.4 4.6 Gompert 1987

Non Irrigated Brassicas Date of planting - Effect on Dry Matter Yield Niobrara, NE ( one replication) Harvested October 7 Date Planted Growing Days May 1 160 days May 22 139 days June 12 118 days July 21 79 days g y y y y y Purple Top Turnip Bovine Cow Turnip Round Black Spanish Radish American Purple Top Rutabaga Dwarf Siberian Kale Blue Curl Kale Dwarf Essex Rape 7.8 T 7.4 T 5.8 T 4.6 T 1.9 T 5.1 T 4.8 T 4.3 T 10. 1T 90T 9.0 17T 1.7 No test 2.7 T 2.6 T 3.7 T 4.0 T 4.2 T 4.2 T 1.8 T 2.9 T 38T 3.8 30T 3.0 28T 2.8 17T 1.7 4.6 T 4.6 T 5.5 T 3.9 T Gompert 1987

Brassica Dry Matter Yield Planted July 24 Harvested November 1 5 Gompert 03 4 Tons/acre 3 2 Top/DM Yield Root/DM Yield Total DM Available 1 0 Green Globe Turnip York Globe Turnip Purple Top Turnip Barkant Turnip Appin Turnip

Skip Row Corn & Turnips Photo by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension Rosberg Nebraska 2006

Time To Get Creative! Look For Opportunities i

Nebraska Milk Study (2005) 5 to 20 gallons of organic raw milk increased dry matter forage production by 1200 pounds on irrigated pasture Why? Community Dynamics

What Forage Should Be Planted? Photo by Jeanne Young, Wausa

What Forage Should Be Planted? The forage that fills the gap is the right forage. Photo by Jeanne Young, Wausa

Annual Crop Grazing Use 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Italian Ryegrass & Oats X X X X X X Oats X X X X Oats & Turnips X X X X X X X X Turnips (fall) or other Brassicas X X X Turnips (spring) or other Brassicas X X X Summer Annuals/Millet, Sudangrass, Sudex X X X X Corn X X X X X X X X X Milo X X X X X X Rye/Triticales, Winter Wheat X X X X X X Italian or Annual Ryegrass X X X X X X Soybeans X X X Sweet Clover, Red Clover/year one X X X X X

Each Gap Needs Four Options Pordomingo 05

Winter Feed Photos by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension Weaned Calves Using Standing Corn as a Supplement Larson - Nebraska

Custom Grazing Cows with Standing Corn Bruns Nebraska 2006 Photos by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension

Photo by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension Davidson Nebraska 2006

Burned Irrigated Corn Nebraska 2006

If you suspect extremely high h nitrates: t Dilute 1. Back graze to another pasture 2. Back graze to feed bunk 3. Graze for 1-2 hours and then return to pasture Destroy high risk areas Photos by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension

Windrow Grazing Potential Photos by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension

Photos by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension Know how. Know now.

T. German Iowa 2006 Photos by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension

Bohaty Nebraska 2006 Brown-rib Sorghum is strip grazed The second grazers are cow/calf pairs Grass Finished Animals Photos by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension

Bale Grazing Neal Dennis, Canada

Photo by Neal Dennis, Canada Know how. Know now.

Calvo Nebraska 2006 Photos by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension

2006 Grazing Corn for Grass Finishing Hutchinson, Kansas Ball and Scriven Photos by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension

Duane Roecks, Washington Have achieved 3 pounds/head during each month of the year. Photo by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension

Photos by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension

Photo by Terry Gompert, UNL Extension Know how. Know now.

Oats Planted 6 bushed per acre not grazed yet Photo by Bob Scriven, Kearney

Oats After first graze Photo by Bob Scriven, Kearney

Italian Rye Grass Biennial, but grown as an annual Some varieties, act as annuals No seedhead the first year. Grown as a winter- annual in southern areas. Photo by Bob Scriven, Kearney

Italian Ryegrass PLANTED ALONE PLANTED W/ OATS 35 # seed Plant mid spring Very high quality May be fall planted in warmer climates High moisture requirement 15 # seed Plant early spring Becomes primary forage after oats mature High moisture requirement

Crabgrass Stockpiled for winter grazing g Photo by Bob Scriven, Kearney

Have A Backup Plan Photo by Steve Rasmussen, Nebraska State Forestry

The Future of grass based agriculture re is bright! Terry Gompert UNL Extension Educator

Extension is a Division i i of the Institute t of Agriculture and Natural Resources at the University of Nebraska Lincoln cooperating with the Counties and the United States Department of Agriculture. University of Nebraska Lincoln Extension educational programs abide with the nondiscrimination policies of the University of Nebraska Lincoln and the United States Department of Agriculture. 1-15-09