Light Control and LEED

Light Control and LEED How light control helps achieve LEED certification in new construction and major renovations of commercial buildings AIA Program Number LCAL10 1.0 Learning Unit HSW/SD Approved by USGBC for 1.0 GBCI CE Hours Program ID: 90003785 1 1

Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. is a Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems. Credit earned on completion of this program will be reported to CES Records for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non-aia members are available on request. This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation. Light Control and LEED AIA/CES HSW /SD Program Number LCAL10 (1.0 Learning Units) 2

This presentation is protected by US and International Copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the presentation without written permission of the speaker is prohibited. Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. 2010 3

Learning Objectives By reviewing the credit categories of Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED), the participant will be able to describe the LEED green building rating system for commercial buildings. By comparing the previous version of LEED (LEED 2.2) with the most recent one (LEED 2009), the participant will be able to identify the key changes in LEED 2009 that affect the design and construction, or major renovation, of commercial buildings. Using the LEED green building rating system, the participant will be able to determine how light controls and their manufacturer can effectively contribute to LEED certification in new construction and major renovation projects. Through examination of the provided case study, the participant will be able to describe how the Plaza at PPL Center used lighting controls to meet LEED certification objectives. 4

World energy consumption is projected to increase by 44 percent from 2006 to 2030 Source: U.S. Department of Energy 5

Spain Ukraine Australia South Africa Taiwan Light control and LEED World Energy Consumption (2006) Top 20 Countries 120.000 100.000 80.000 60.000 40.000 20.000 0.000 6 Saudi Arabia Mexico United States China Russia Japan India Germany Canada France United Kingdom Brazil Korea, South Italy Iran Source: US DOE Energy Information Administration Quadrillion (10 15 ) Btu

12 Average Commercial Electricity Prices 10 Cents per kwh 8 6 4 2 0 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 Source: US Dept. of Energy, Energy Information Administration 7

The biggest gains in terms of decreasing the country s energy bill, the amount of carbon dioxide we put into the atmosphere, and our dependency on foreign oil, will come from energy efficiency and conservation in the next 20 years. Steven Chu Secretary of Energy Source: U.S. News and World Report, April 2009 8

Buildings consume 39% of total U.S. primary energy Lights use the most energy in commercial buildings Source: U.S. DOE 9

Problem: Wasted lighting energy Building are over-illuminated Don t take into account daylight Lights left at full-on in vacant spaces or after operating hours 75% were built before 1989 Most buildings don t deliver the right amount of light where and when it is needed. Lighting is often set at a worst case level, which is usually higher than desired. -- Stephen Selkowicz LBNL 10

Solution: Light control 100 90 Fluorescent dimming curve Primary ways light control saves energy: 1. Reduces operating hours (switching off) 2. Reduce watts used when lights are on (dimming) 3. Reduces cooling load 4. Maximizes effective use of sunlight Energy Usage (%) 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Light (%) 11

Zero energy buildings that provide zero comfort or zero productivity increases to the occupants are of zero value Kevin Kampschroer Director, Office of Federal High- Performance Green Buildings Source: Luncheon on Net Zero Energy Buildings at the House of Representatives in Washington D.C., June 18, 2010. 12

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Energy codes, green codes, and LEED 14

Who is getting certified? 15

Federal, State, and Local U.S. Government buildings are getting certified worldwide ARMY All new construction and major renovations to comply with ASHRAE 189.1 and achieve LEED Silver rating (Oct. 2010). GSA Moves to LEED Gold for All New Federal Buildings and Major Renovations (Oct. 2010) State and local government buildings 16

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Costs and Benefits Costs Certification Auditor/Consultant Fees Higher Construction Cost Benefits Competitive Differentiator Marketing / PR Attract Tenants Higher Rents Happier / Healthier Occupants Lower operating costs Mitigate risk Optimized processes Energy Savings / Lower Carbon Footprint 20

LEED Credit Categories Sustainable Sites (SS) Water Efficiency (WE) Energy and Atmosphere (EA) Materials and Resources (MR) Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) Innovation in Design (ID) Regional Priority (RP) 21

What is LEED v3.0? New LEED 2009 rating system (point-based green building rating system) + New LEEP AP exams (exams for people to become LEED Accredited Professionals) + New LEED online (primary resource for managing the LEED documentation process; www.leedonline.com) 22

Green Building Rating System For New Construction & Major Renovations Version 2009 23

3 Key Changes in LEED 2009 1. Credit weighting: More emphasis on Energy and Atmosphere. 2. Updated credits: Additional innovation and design point ASHRAE 90.1 2007 is now the baseline 10% minimum energy performance improvement 3.Regional Priority Credits (RPCs): Bonus points for achieving the credits that are deemed to be a priority for a particular region 24

LEED NC 2009 vs. LEED NC 2.2 Previous version Current version 25

LEED NC Certification Point Requirements LEED NC 2.2 LEED NC 2009 Level Lower Limit Upper Limit Lower Limit Upper Limit Certified 26 32 40 49 Silver 33 38 50 59 Gold 39 51 60 79 Platinum 52 69 80 110 26

Light Control Impacts these LEED Categories and Credits Category Sustainable Sites Energy & Atmosphere Materials & Resources Indoor Environmental Quality Innovation in Design Regional Priority Credit Light Pollution Reduction Commissioning Energy Performance Measurement and Verification Recycled Content Controllability of Systems Daylight & Views Innovation in Design and LEED AP Varies by zip code 27

Sustainable Sites Credit 8: Light Pollution Reduction (1 point) Intent: Minimize light trespass Requirements: Interior lighting No light shining out windows OR all non-emergency interior lighting power reduced by at least 50% during non-business hours Exterior lighting Must comply with ASHRAE 90.1 2007 Lighting Power Densities and lighting zone requirements in IESNA RP 33. 28

Sustainable Sites Credit 8: Light Pollution Reduction (1 point) Light control solutions: Controllable window shades to prevent light from escaping on the windows Occupancy sensors turn lights off when spaces are vacant Timeclock scheduling can be used to provide a building lighting sweep at night so that lights are off or set to a low dimmed level at certain times 29

Energy and Atmosphere Prereq 1 and Credit 3: Commissioning (2 points) Intent: Verify that building operates as intended (Prereq 1) Begin commissioning early and execute additional activities (Credit 3) Requirements: Develop and implement commissioning plan (Prereq 1) Develop a systems manual (Credit 3) Verify that the training requirements for operating personnel are in place (Credit 3) Review building performance within 10 months of substantial completion (Credit 3) 30

Energy and Atmosphere Prereq 1 and Credit 3: Commissioning (2 points) Light control solutions (manufacturer services): Commissioning and calibration Operations manual Customer training Service contracts over life of building Lighting energy audits and system optimization 31

Energy and Atmosphere Prereq 2: Minimum Energy Performance Intent: Establish minimum level of energy efficiency Requirement: Comply with mandatory lighting control requirements in section 9.4 of ASHRAE 90.1 2007. Demonstrate a 10% minimum energy reduction compared to an ASHRAE 90.1 2007 (or CA Title 24 2005) compliant building. 32

Energy and Atmosphere Prereq 2: Min Energy Performance ASHRAE 90.1 2007 section 9.4 requirements: Automatic lighting shut-off Space control Light control solutions: Switching system with time clocks Local wallbox override controls Occupancy sensors 33

Energy and Atmosphere Prereq 2: Minimum Energy Performance -- beating ASHRAE 90.1 2007 baseline building by at least 10% (5% for existing buildings) Light control solutions: Occupancy sensing Scheduling Daylight harvesting Dimming/personal light control Light level tuning/high-end trim Automated shading 34

Scheduling: Lights automatically turn off or are dimmed at certain times of the day or based on sunrise or sunset. Occupancy/Vacancy Sensing: Automatically turning lights off when people vacate the space. Multi-level Lighting/Dimming: Proving users one or more light levels than full-on and full-off. Daylight Harvesting: Automatically adjust light levels based on the amount of daylight in the space. 35

High end trim/tuning: Set target light level based on occupant requirements in the space. Personal Light Control: Allow users in the space to select the correct light levels for the desired task. Controllable Window Shades: Allows users to control daylight for reduced solar heat gain and glare. Demand Response: Reducing lighting load at times of peak electricity pricing. Plug-load Control: Automatically turning task lighting and other plug loads off when they are not needed. 36

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Energy and Atmosphere Credit 1: Optimize Energy Performance (1 to 19 points) Intent: Further reduce energy use below the ASHRAE 90.1 baseline Requirements: Option 1 - Whole Building Energy Simulation (1-19 points) Option 2 Prescriptive path -ASHRAE Advanced Energy Design Guides (1 point) Option 3 Prescriptive path -Advanced Buildings Core Performance Guide (1-3 points) 38

Energy and Atmosphere Credit 1: Optimize Energy Performance (1 to 19 points) Requirements: Whole Building Energy Simulation - demonstrate energy performance better than ASHRAE 90.1 One point for every 2% reduction in energy cost (see graph) 39

Office building example lighting energy Lighting Power Used Annual energy consumption = 8.76 kwh / sf 1W/sf 12 midnight 12 noon 12 midnight Time 40

Office building example lighting energy Lighting Power Used Annual energy consumption = 8.76 kwh / sf Annual energy consumption 5 kwh / sf (scheduling) 1W/sf 12 midnight 12 noon 12 midnight Time 41

Office building example lighting energy Lighting Power Used Annual energy consumption = 8.76 kwh / sf Annual energy consumption 5 kwh / sf Annual energy consumption 4 kwh / sf (scheduling) (occ. sens.) 1W/sf 12 midnight 12 noon 12 midnight Time 42

Office building example lighting energy Lighting Power Used Annual energy consumption = 8.76 kwh / sf Annual energy consumption 5 kwh / sf (scheduling) Annual energy consumption 4 kwh / sf (occ.sens.) Annual energy consumption 3 kwh / sq (+tuning) 1W/sf 12 midnight 12 noon 12 midnight Time 43

Office building example lighting energy Lighting Power Used Annual energy consumption = 8.76 kwh / sf Annual energy consumption 5 kwh / sf (scheduling) Annual energy consumption 4.5 kwh / sf (occ.sens.) Annual energy consumption 3 kwh / sq (+tuning) Annual energy consumption < 2 kwh / sf (+daylight) 1W/sf 12 midnight 12 noon 12 midnight Time 44

Energy and Atmosphere Credit 1: Optimize Energy Performance Light control solutions: 120 Total Energy Usage 100 Annual kwh 80 60 40 15% Energy 30% Savings Lighting 20 Air Conditioning Plug-in, other 0 ASHRAE 90.1 Occupancy Sensors High-end Tuning Daylighting Individual Control Lighting Control Strategy 45

Energy and Atmosphere Credit 5: Measurement and Verification (3 points) Intent: Provide ongoing accountability and optimization of energy consumption over time Requirements: Measure and track actual energy performance Provide corrective action if desired savings are not achieved Light control solution: Centralized lighting control system with monitoring capability Integration with Building Management System 46

Material & Resources Credit 4: Recycled Content (1-2 points) Intent: Increase demand for building products that incorporate recycled materials. Requirements: Use materials such that the sum of the recycled content constitutes at least 10% or 20%, based on cost, of the total value of the materials cost in the project. Light control solution: Controllable windows shades with recycled fabric 47

Indoor Environmental Quality Credit 6.1: Controllability of Systems, Lighting (1 point) Intent: Provide lighting system control by individual occupants or groups to promote productivity, comfort and well-being Requirements: Individual controls for 90% of occupants Lighting controls in shared, multi-occupant spaces Enable lighting adjustment to meet needs and preferences 48

Indoor Environmental Quality Credit 6.1: Controllability of Systems, Lighting (1 point) Light Control Solutions: Task lighting Local wall box controls Handheld remotes PC integrated control Architectural lighting controls Remote and/or AV integrated controls 49

Indoor Environmental Quality Credit 8.1 & 8.2: Daylight and Views (1 point each) Intent: Introduce daylight and views into occupied areas to provide a connection to the outdoors Requirements: 75% of occupied spaces daylight illuminated with a minimum of 25 foot-candles Direct line-of-site to the outdoors for 90% of regularly occupied spaces Provide glare control 50

Indoor Environmental Quality Credit 8.1 & 8.2: Daylight and Views (1 point each) Light control solutions: Passive control, structural design Automated window treatments Photo-responsive controls for electric lighting 51

Innovation in Design Credits 1: Innovation in Design (1-5 points) Intent: Award points for exceptional or innovative performance above requirements Requirements: Exemplary performance OR Innovative design Opportunities: Individual control and energy performance Daylight, views, and energy performance Green education 52

Innovation in Design Credits: Optimizing Energy Performance Controllability of Lighting System Light Control Solution: Personal lighting control of overhead ambient light 53

Innovation in Design Credits: Indoor Environmental Quality -- Daylight and Views Energy and Atmosphere Optimize Energy Performance Sustainable Sites Light Pollution Reduction Light Control Solution: Solar-adaptive shading -- automatically adjust to block sun glare while preserving the view 54

Innovation in Design Green education Light control solution: Public display of energy savings and other green features of the building For entire building and individual spaces Also need: Distributed project case study Building tours 55

Innovation in Design Credits 2: LEED Accredited Professional (1 point) Intent: Support and encourage the design integration required by LEED to streamline the application and certification process Requirements: At least 1 principal participant of the project team must be a LEED AP Light control solution: Use LEED APs on staff with the light control manufacturer to help with the LEED rating system 56

The Plaza at PPL Center Overview: Allentown, PA 280,000 ft 2 Corporate headquarters LEED Gold certification Green drivers: LEED rating for marketing and public image Reduced energy consumption; return on investment Architect: Robert A. M. Stern Consulting Environmental Designers and Engineers: Atelier Ten, NY, NY 57

The Plaza at PPL Center Low Energy Design Features: South Façade sun screening 3 deep louvers at every level High performance solar control glass Thermal control glass on north facades Heat recovery ventilation Optimized HVAC systems with variable speed drives Occupant and daylight responsive lighting controls 30% improvement over ASHRAE 90.1 58

The Plaza at PPL Center Advanced lighting controls: Open plan office areas South & North open office areas divided into three control zones: Perimeter (15 from façade) Middle (15-30 from façade) Interior (30 to core) Perimeter and Middle zones have dedicated daylighting controls to set electric light levels based on available daylight. Interior zone has only central on/off time clock control. 59

The Plaza at PPL Center Advanced lighting controls: Perimeter offices, conference rooms Vacancy switches/sensors to switch lights on/off Daylight sensor to set electric light levels based on available daylight Interior offices, copy rooms, restrooms Vacancy switches/sensors to switch lights on/off 60

Lighting Energy Savings Annual Lighting Energy Consumption Typical Floor ASHRAE 90.1 with timeclock and local controls Occupancy Sensing Daylight Sensing Combined Sensing 61

Total Energy Savings Annual Energy Consumption Perimeter Office Area Base Design + Solar Control Glass + Overhang + Lighting Controls 62

Summary Light control and their manufacturer s services provide solutions that contribute to 40 of the 110 possible points in LEED NC. Reducing light pollution (1 point) Commissioning (2 points) Optimizing energy performance (1-19 points) Enhancing measurement and verification (3 points) Recycled content (1-2 points) Increasing controllability of systems (1 point) Accommodating daylight design and views (2 points) Providing innovation in design (Up to 5 points) Using a LEED AP on the project (1 point) Regional priority points (1-4 points) 63

Any Questions? This concludes The American Institute of Architects and U.S. Green Building Council Continuing Education Systems Program www.lutron.com 64