Status of Planning and Construction of Gasification Plants in the United Kingdom Timothy Kast, M.S. Ch.E., P.E. Senior Process Engineer Energy Products
Sometimes a Product or Technology Doesn t Fit a Particular Market 2
Other Times is Does! 3
Presentation Outline United Kingdom (UK) Waste-to-Energy (WtE) Market Overview EU/UK Waste Incineration Directives Outotec Gasification & Process Technology Solutions Description & Status of Current Outotec UK WtE Projects A Look Ahead Concluding Remarks 4
UK WtE Market Overview 5
UK Renewable Energy Demand 110 Billion Electricity Infrastructure Investment Next Decade (Growth & Replacement) Committed to Increase Renewable Portion of Total Energy Demand (1.5% in 2005 15% by 2020) Requires 30% Renewable Electrical Power Generation Legislation and Policies to Incentivize and Require Investment in Low-Carbon Renewable Electricity 6
UK Renewable Energy Incentives Renewables Obligation (RO) 2002 to March 2017 Minimum % of Electricity Supply from Renewable Generation Renewable Obligation Credits (ROC s) for New Generators Unlimited Program Participants Biomass/Waste to Energy = Qualifying Technology Gasification/Pyrolysis = Increased Credits Standard = Syngas GCV >2 MJ/Nm 3 (25 C & 0.1 MPa) Advanced = Syngas GCV >4 MJ/Nm 3 (25 C & 0.1 MPa) Syngas GCV Measured & Documented 1-2 ROC s per MWh @ 49/ROC (2015-2016) = 49-98/MWh 25.5 GW Total RO-Accredited Generation (5.0 GW WtE) 7
UK Renewable Energy Incentives Contracts for Difference (CfD) 2013 to Present Fixed Number of Contracts per Round Developers Bid Minimum Strike Price WtE Included Gasification Qualifies for Higher Strike Price First Round = Similar Incentive, But Falling 8
UK Waste and Disposal Factors Waste Production: Island Nation Population Density 5x s World Average 202.8 million tonnes of Waste in 2014 26.7% Landfilled/Incinerated 2.43 million tonnes of RDF to Mainland Europe for WtE 4.5 GW Potential New Renewable Power Generation Tipping Fees: Landfill Tipping Fees = 113-128/tonne (2.5 times USA Average) WtE Gate Fees = 83-116/tonne (18% Less) or ~ 99/MWh Ash Disposal (Example): Raw Fuel Fly Ash = ~ 33/tonne Flue Gas Treatment Ash = ~ 165/tonne (After Reagent Injection) ØVery Active Market for Renewable WtE Projects with Gasification 9
Waste Incineration Directives 10
Waste Incineration Directives EU Industrial Emissions Directive (IED) (2010/75/EU) Previously EC Waste Incineration Directive (WID) (2000/76/EC) Wastes Covered: Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) or Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF), Class A to Class C Waste Wood (C&D), etc. Waste Incineration (WI) Best Available Technology (BAT) Reference Document (BREF) High Level of Energy Recovery and Utilization Limit Residuals and Emissions to Air, Water, Soil CFD Modelling Mixing & Residence Time Minimum 2 Seconds above 850 C with Excess Oxygen Stack Emission Limits or Lower, If Practical, Employing BAT Periodic Review & Update Permitting Agencies Evaluate Versus BREF & BAT Ø WtE Projects Require In-depth Planning, Analysis and Review 11
Outotec Gasification and Process Technology Solutions 12
Outotec Energy Products Background Formerly Energy Products of Idaho (founded late 1970 s) Atmospheric Bubbling Fluidized-Bed Technology (40 Year History) 109 Completed Facilities from 4-165 MW Th Waste Fuels: Waste Wood, MSW, RDF, Agricultural Residue, Paper & Sewage Sludge, Manure, Tire Derived Fuel, Animal Rendering Waste, and Industrial & Process Wastes Arrangements: Combustors, Gasifiers, Staged Gasification-Combustion Energy Products: Hot Gas, Heated Oil, Syngas, Steam, and Electricity Acquired by Outotec in 2011 (> 1B/Year 4,800 Employees) Minerals, Metals, Energy & Water Technologies and Services Global Technical, Financial, Purchasing, Sales & Service Resources Complementary Products & Technologies 13
Advanced Staged Gasification-Combustion (ASGC) 14
Computational Fluid Dynamics Combustion Optimization Residence Time Evaluation 15
ASGC WtE Plant Cutaway Model 16
Outotec Gasification WtE Process Flowsheet 17 Ø ASGC & Process Technologies are Very Compatible with UK WtE Market
Status of Current Outotec UK WtE Projects 18
Current Outotec UK WtE Projects Location Upper Halliford, England Forth, Scotland Ince, England Hull, England Hull, England Boston, England Barry, Wales Approx. Size (MW Th /MW E ) Fuel Product 16 / 4.5 RDF Electrical Power 46 / 12 RDF Electrical Power 89 / 22 Waste Wood Electrical Power 99 / 25 RDF Electrical Power 41 / 10 Waste Wood Electrical or RDF Power 41 / 10 Waste Wood or RDF 41 / 10 Waste Wood or RDF Electrical Power Electrical Power Total 373 / 95 19
Project Details and Status First Full Notice to Proceed in 2015 Six Participating in RO Incentive Program and One in CfD Outotec Providing Long-term O&M Services at Four Facilities Early Stage Input to Design Team Direct Relationship with OEM Technology Supplier Engineering and Equipment Delivery Completed Substantial Construction Progress March 2018 Commissioning Deadline for RO Projects 20
Construction Status July 2017 21
Construction Status July 2017 22
Construction Status July 2017 23
Construction Status July 2017 24
Pre-fabrication Simplifies Erection 25
Modularization Reduces On-site Construction 26
A Look Ahead 27
A Look Ahead UK WtE Market Continues to Advance Renewable Low-Carbon Incentives Continue = CfD (Gasification) Gate Fee Revenues Significant Waste Resources Still Available Waste Incineration Regulations & Directives = More Stringent? Continual Technology Innovation Several New UK Projects Being Developed Around ASGC Technology Similar New Projects Worldwide (Varying Market Influences) EU IED/WI Being Specified Outside Europe Interest in Outotec O&M Services is Increasing ØA Growing Global WtE Market 28
Concluding Remarks 29
Advanced Staged Gasification-Combustion & Outotec WtE Process: Leading Technology for Producing Low-Carbon Renewable Energy Key Component of Integrated Waste Reduction, Recovery & Disposal Strategy Compatible with Low Environmental Impact Directives Based on 40 Years of Development History Continuing to Evolve: Implementation of New Features, Technologies & Execution Efficiencies based on Lessons Learned Ø A Technology Very Compatible with Present & Future UK/Global WtE Marketplace 30
Thank You! 31 9/19/2017 Status of Planning and Construction of Gasification Plants in the United Kingdom
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