Pipejacking Tunnel Boring Machines TBMs Michael Frenke, LOVAT Inc.
Pipejacking Tunnel Boring Machines (TBMs( TBMs) Introduction Pipejacking Sequence TBM Design Features Types of Jacking Pipe Pipejacking Considerations LOVAT Pipejacking TBMs
Introduction Pipejacking is a technique for installing underground pipelines via the use of a boring machine ahead of a pipe string, advanced through the ground by a jacking station in the main shaft. Pipejacking is a one pass lining method, where the pipes form and act as the finished tunnel liner. Pipes may be constructed of various materials (concrete, steel, fiberglass, clay, plastic). Pipejacking is used as an alternative to open-cut excavation, especially in smaller diameters and in deep or difficult ground conditions.
Introduction Pipejacking can be performed with: Tunnel Boring Machines (TBMs) Earth Pressure Balance and Slurry type Piloted from with TBM Micro Tunnel Boring Machines (MTBMs) Slurry type Controlled remotely from surface Auger Borers Hand Mining Shields
Pipejacking Sequence 1. Pipe lowered into shaft, onto main jacking station cradle 2. TBM advances using propulsion cylinders, muck cars filled with excavated earth and removed from shaft 3. Main jacking station thrusts pipe forward until TBM propulsion cylinders have retracted
Pipejacking Sequence 4. TBM advances using propulsion cylinders, muck cars filled with excavated earth and removed from shaft 5. Main jacking station stroked out completely, retracting TBM propulsion cylinders and burying pipe 6. New pipe is lowered in shaft and cycle restarted
TBM Design Features Overview Propulsion Cylinders Telescopic Leading Can Arch Ring Supports Main Jacking Station Intermediate Jacking Stations Tunnel Eye Seal Bentonite Injection System Ground Conditioning System Pipe Lock (Hyperbaric Airlock)
TBM Design Features
TBM Design Features
TBM Design Features Propulsion Cylinders
TBM Design Features Telescopic Leading Can
Support of TBM Ancilliary Equipment (Ventilation, Transformer, Power- Packs, Conveyors, etc.) TBM Design Features Arch Ring Supports Arch ring is expanded within the pipe sections
TBM Design Features Arch Ring Supports
TBM Design Features Installed at bottom of main shaft Main Jacking Station Provides forward thrust to advance the TBM and/or pipe string Integral Rail System
TBM Design Features Main Jacking Station
TBM Design Features Installed in-between pipes Intermediate Jacking Station Assists in forward movement of pipe string (inch-worm motion
TBM Design Features Bentonite Injection System Bentonite is used to reduce friction between the outside diameter of the pipe string and the surrounding ground. The system pumps the bentonite through ports in the TBM and the pipe into the surrounding excavation annulus. The system is usually automatic and interlocked with the advance of the TBM.
TBM Design Features Tunnel Eye Seal
TBM Design Features Ground Conditioning System Foam agent injection system used to control the earth pressure and consistency of the excavated muck Integral component of an Earth Pressure Balance (EPB) TBM
TBM Design Features Pipe Lock Airlock installed directly in pipe section Allows for hyperbaric interventions in high pressure environments and poor ground conditions
Types of Jacking Pipe Pipejacking TBMs can be configured to mine with all types of Jacking Pipe. The trailing edge of the Telescopic Leading Can is machined to fit the leading edge of the first pipe in the string, creating a seal against earth and water ingress. Type of Jacking Pipe Reinforced Concrete Pipe Steel Pipe Welded Joint of Permalok type Glass Fiber Reinforced Pipe HOBAS Plastic Pipe High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Clay Pipe - Meyer
Types of Jacking Pipe Reinforced Concrete Pipe
Type of Jacking Pipe Steel Pipe Permalok Joints
Types of Jacking Pipe Glass Fiber Reinforced Pipe - HOBAS
Pipejacking Considerations Considerations for a successful pipejacking TBM tunnel: 1. Proper Geotechnical Investigation Extensive boreholes to determine what type of geology lies along the intended alignment 2. Tunnel Length Shaft to Shaft distances should be short (200m to 1,000m) Longer drives are possible using intermediate jacking stations 3. Lubrication Bentonite lubrication reduces friction on the outside of the pipe string ( float pipe if possible) Ensures pipe string will not bind-up between shifts or during long stoppages
Pipejacking Considerations 4. Ground Treatment Uses of conditioning agents mechanically alters the characteristics and behavior of the earth and reduces wear on the cutting tools and cuttinghead 5. Alignment Keep it straight for best results Wide curves are possible, but need to consider many other factors (pipe joints, specialized guidance systems, etc.) 6. Water-Proofing Reduce water and ground inflows into tunnel by utilizing tunnel eye seals and proper pipe joint seals
LOVAT Pipejacking TBMs RME106PJ Series 17800 Bern, Switzerland
LOVAT Pipejacking TBMs RME104PJ Series 22501 Milwaukee, USA
LOVAT Pipejacking TBMs Micro Tunnel Boring Machine (MTBM)
LOVAT Pipejacking TBMs DELIVERY MACHINE SERIES CURRENT DRIVE GROUND YEAR OPERATING CITY Meters 2006 MP90PJ 22500 Appelton, USA 1,800 1,2,3,4 2008 MP104PJ 22501 Milwuakee 4,201 1,2,3,4 2000 RMPS121PJ 19400 Pusan, Korea 750 7 2006 RMP101PJ 19303 Milwaukee, USA 1,500 2002 RME101PJ 19301 Florida, USA 65 2004 RME106PJ 17802 Kraznoyarsk, Russia 2000 RME106PJ 17801 Zurich, Switzerland 1,200 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 1998 ME106PJ 17800 Bern, Switzerland 1,586 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 1997 MP101SE/PJ 17700 Southport, U.K. 2,400 2,3,4 1996 MP79PJ 12700 London, U.K. 4,700 5 1996 RMP121PJ 16800 Seoul, South Korea 480 4, 7 1994 RMP101PJ 14500 Brighton, U.K. 3,200 2, 3, 6 1994 MP112PJ 14400 Alexandria, Egypt 3,600 2 1993 RMP113PJ/SE 13400 Glasgow, Scotland 2,300 1, 2, 3, 5 1991 MP134PJ 11900 Alexandria, Egypt 2,500 2, 4 1991 MP83/90PJ/RL 11800 Dallas, USA 4,270 2, 3, 4 1991 M104PJ 11200 Kenosha, USA 6,096 1, 3, 4
LOVAT Pipejacking TBMs DELIVERY MACHINE SERIES CURRENT DRIVE GROUND YEAR OPERATING CITY Meters 1990 MP117RL/PJ 10600 St. Louis, U.S.A. 6,401 2, 4 1988 MP86SE/PJ 9500 Cleethorpes, U.K 3,048 2 1988 MP133SE/PJ 9300 Fort Worth, USA 4,572 1, 2, 3, 4 1988 MP77PJ 7700 Milwaukee, USA 4,572 1, 3, 4 1987 MP121/137RL/PJ 8600 San Diego, USA 4,572 2, 4 1987 MP118PJ 8200 Chieti, Italy 2,743 3, 4 1987 MP86PJ 8100 Deal, U.K 3,353 2, 3 1986 MP100PJ 7800 Blackpool, U.K. 2,743 2, 3 1986 MP90RL/SE/PJ 7600 Dallas, USA 5,791 1, 3 1986 MP77PJ 7200 Manchester, U.K 5,738 2, 3, 4 1985 M60PJ 3500 Cairo, Egypt 915 3, 4 1984 M77RL/PJ 6200 USA 4,572 4, 5 1983 M100/116SERL/PJ 6300 Glasgow, Scotland 3,500 2, 3, 4 1983 RM79/85SE/PJ 4900 Cleethorpes U.K. 8,600 2, 3, 4 1975 M100RL/PJ 1600 Toronto, Canada 9,144 3, 4 1975 M110/112PJ 2000 Detroit, USA 12,192 3, 4 1974 M96PJ 900 Toronto, Canada 2,743 2, 3