Global Agricultural Monitoring in the CGIAR CGIAR-CSI Consortium for Spatial Information Enrica Porcari Chief Information Officer - CGIAR Rome, Italy GEOSS Agric. Monitoring Workshop FAO, Rome 16-18 July, 2007 Robert Zomer Global Coordinator CGIAR-CSI World Agroforestry Center (ICRAF) Nairobi, Kenya
What is the CGIAR CGIAR Mission: Food security Environmental conservation Poverty alleviation 15 Centers, 8000 scientists Large network of NARES and other national partners Work in all aspects of agricultural development, biodiversity conservation, natural resource management in in developing countries From crop improvement, pest management and conservation of genetic resources to livestock production, monitoring world fish populations, coral reefs, and global water resources. Have been monitoring global agriculture since the 1960 s
Agricultural Monitoring in the CGIAR Many diverse activities at all of the 15 Centers Global monitoring and mapping efforts include (among many) Poverty Mapping Food security and food policy analysis Agricultural Development and Management Biodiversity and Genetic resources Water and soil resource conservation Forest resources Global modeling/ climate change/ vulnerability / future scenarios
THE GLOBAL GEOGRAPHY OF CROP PRODUCTION The global distribution of crops is conditioned by the availability of water and the quality of soil. Most richer countries have predominantly temperate or sub-tropical humid climates and good soils. Most poor countries lie in the tropics where climatic conditions are more varied and unpredictable and highly-weathered soils are inherently less productive (only 7% of the soils of sub-saharan Africa are free of fertility constraints, compared to 30% in the US and 16% globally*). Increasing water scarcity and inadequate investment in irrigation options, particularly in sub-saharan Africa, exacerbate the vulnerability of farm families. AGROECOLOGICAL ZONES CROPLANDS *Wood et al 2000 Adapted from Wood et al 2000 IRRIGATED AREAS POTENTIAL WHEAT YIELD Doell & Siebert Ver2 2004 FAO/IIASA 2000
SPAM: High Resolution Crop Area & Yield Estimation IFPRI, in partnership with FAO and other CG Centres and Universities has undertaken as assessment of the spatial distribution (10km resolution) of the actual area and yield of 20 major crops, benchmarked around a unique global collection of sub-national survey/statistical data. For each commodity area and yields are further disaggregated into input categories: irrigated, rainfed - high Input, and rainfed - low Input. Cutting-edge Methods You and Wood (2006) Cereals (6): wheat, rice, maize, barley, millet, sorghum Root and tubers (3): potato, sweet potato and yams, cassava Fruit (1): banana and plantain Pulses (2): dry beans, other pulse Sugar crops (2): sugar cane, sugar beets Fibre crops (2): cotton, other fibres Oil crops (3): soybean, groundnuts, other oil crops Beverage/stimulant crops (1): coffee 2000 Wheat Distribution (harvested area) Source: Spatial Allocation Model (SPAM) Beta (IFPRI 2005) Initial global crop distribution and performance maps generated by IFPRI are being validated by CIMMYT (wheat and maize), CIAT (cassava and beans), IRRI (rice) and CIP (sweet potato, irish potato). CIAT are developing a Google Earth based application to elicit/validate crop data over the web. A new global crop allocation will be available in October 2007 through funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.
http:// c3project.iita.org
http://www.iwmigiam.org IWMI - Global Irrigated Area Mapping
WorldFish: Fishbase / Reefbase
CIAT downloads MODIS every 2 weeks for all of South America Internet 2 channel between CIAT and EROS Data Center for data exchange
Other areas include: Global wetlands mapping partnership (RAMSAR) On-going regional studies of landuse, land cover change, and land degradation Biodiversity and genetic resources monitoring and mapping Forest spatial information catalog Poverty mapping Development and dissemination of methods, standards, protocols, and indices for improved monitoring Spatial analysis, modeling, and forecasting
CGIAR-CSI Consortium for Spatial Information Coordinate and integrate CGIAR geospatial efforts Strengthen CGIAR members capacity to apply geospatial science Share and disseminate data, methods, tools and experiences
http://csi.cgiar.org A Global Network of Research Scientists applying Geospatial Science and Technology for Sustainable Agricultural Development, Natural Resource Management, Biodiversity Conservation, and Poverty Alleviation in Developing Countries
CGIAR-CSI GeoPortal Comprehensive resource for CGIAR and Geospatial Science applied to sustainable development. Support networking and provide substantive, multi-center content - Access to GeoSpatial Data, Methods, Tools, Resources - Dissemination of CGIAR GeoSpatial Science Products Networking Platform Resources / Support for Geospatial Scientists http://csi.cgiar.org
http://geonetwork.csi.cgiar.org CGIAR-CSI GeoNetwork Project
http://geonetwork.csi.cgiar.org CGIAR-CSI GeoNetwork Currently 16 CGIAR-CSI nodes online - Over 15,000 metadata records (CGIAR-CSI) Synchronized with FAO Geonetwork - Over 4,000 harvested from UN system
Bridging the Digital Data Divide Global / National Agric. Data Infrastructure Capacity Building / National Partner Focus Significant Gap for Sustainable Development Missing Link in Agricultural Monitoring: Capacity at the National / Local Level Perceived demand at both ends of the user spectrum Allow national partners to manage their own resources Creation of a viable, sustainable, and healthy, two-way interactive data exchange and information flow across scales
Thank You http://csi.cgiar.org Enrica Porcari CIO - CGIAR e.porcari@cgiar.org