DLA Conference 2012 Bernburg- Dessau, Germany GIS + BIM = Integrated Project Delivery @ Penn State David E. Goldberg Robert J. Holland Scott W. Wing (Image: Creative Logic, 2011)
Owners, designers and contractors are exploring BIM as a way to change the design and construction process to produce more coordinated buildings at lower life-cycle cost with less risk, shorter project schedules and, potentially, facilitate more sustainable designs. INTRODUCTION BIM in Landscape Architecture American Institute of Architects (AIA) asks architects to take the lead in applying BIM technology Client/owners are requiring BIM models Those who control the data control the design Landscape architects may be left behind without BIM Unfortunately, BIM software is not well designed for site modeling! (Sipes, 2007; Sipes, 2008) Goldberg Holland Wing
THE CHALLENGE If BIM is not designed for site modeling, how do we educate landscape architecture students in BIM? so they are not left behind.
THE ANSWER? The answer might be in the delivery process and not in the technology.
THE ANSWER? The answer might be in the delivery process and not in the technology. (AIA, 2007)
IPD leverages early contributions of knowledge and expertise through utilization of new technologies, allowing all team members to better realize their highest potentials while expanding the value they provide throughout the project lifecycle INTRODUCTION Integrated Project Delivery At the core of an integrated project are collaborative, integrated and productive teams composed of key project participants. Building upon early contributions of individual expertise, these teams are guided by principles of trust transparent processes effective collaboration open information sharing team success tied to project success shared risk and reward value-based decision making utilization of full technological capabilities and support The outcome is the opportunity to design, build, and operate as efficiently as possible. ( AIA, 2007) Goldberg Holland Wing
METHODS BIM & Integrated Project Delivery BIM is a catalyst for team collaboration BIM is an enabling technology for IPD IPD is promoted by many trades and disciplines within the building industry, but is not promoted by landscape architecture profession (Eastman, 2008; Deutsch, 2011; AIA, 2007) Goldberg Holland Wing
The architectural design and construction process is highly interdisciplinary. The accrediting boards of the allied disciplines require collaboration as a learning component. While they do not specify how this collaboration occurs they only ask that is achieved. Architecture Landscape Engineering (Poerschke, 2011) METHODS The Studio Collaborative Involves students and faculty from architecture, landscape architecture and 4 distinct architectural engineering disciplines in a design studio project. Provides an opportunity for students to not only become proficient in new digital tools, but perhaps more importantly, exposing them to a more real world collaborative design process. IPD Goldberg Holland Wing
BIM Execution Plan ( Determine how project will be integrated, including conflict resolutions and data interoperability ) Conceptual Design ( Develop overall design goals based on program and precedent research ) METHODS The Studio Collaborative Part 1 BIM Execution Plan Part 2 Conceptual Design Part 3 Schematic Design Part 4 Design Development Part 5 Final Design Schematic Design ( Develop 2 Design Scenarios with rough cost estimates ) Design Development ( Integrate 1 Design into a BIM with refined cost estimates ) Final Design ( Final Visualizations and rationale to cost Variance ) Goldberg Holland Wing
2010 Studio Project Daycare Center 2011 Studio Project Elementary School METHODS Project Selection Complex enough for semester-long endeavor Program elements include all disciplines Real client, project team and detailed design information of project Local project Optimum building size is 20,000 SF 2012 Studio Project Recreation Building (Creative Logic, 2011; Project Synergy, 2012; esseo, 2012; Integrated Inc. 2012) Goldberg Holland Wing
Students: Landscape Architecture The project team is the lifeblood of IPD. In IPD, project participants come together as an integrated team, with the common overriding goal of designing and constructing a successful project. (AIA IPD Guide, 2007) Architecture AE Construction METHODS Team Selection Studio sought highly motivated students Requested letters of interest Team selected based on 3 questions: whom do you not want o work with? what is your level of BIM experience? whom do you want to work with? AE Structural AE Mechanical AE Lighting + Electrical Goldberg Holland Wing
A key component of IPD is the early formation of the design and construction team, and the collaboration and contribution of knowledge and experience from all members of the project team. (Flohr, 2011) METHODS Team Selection Five teams selected each with a full compliment of disciplines Team 1 Team 2 Team 3 Team 4 Team 5 Goldberg Holland Wing
METHODS Studio Space: Integrated Physical computer lab where hardware and software is available for all disciplines Current configurations are not ideal for collaboration Face to face interaction with team and instructors Goldberg Holland Wing
METHODS Studio Space: Virtual Student were encouraged to work from their preferred space and and collaborate using remote access software such as TeamViewer. ASUS Slate notebooks were used to facilitate team collaboration. Virtual critiques by professional consultants were also possible with remote access software. Goldberg Holland Wing
METHODS Studio Space: Presentations Teams present their project in three phases: Schematic Design, Design Development and Final Design to outside jury, faculty, and peers. 3-screen presentations (made it difficult for remote jury) (esseo, 2012) Goldberg Holland Wing
Final Design Jury METHODS Faculty & External Collaboration Studio is a combination of three discipline courses. Faculty for each course is assigned to the course. Outside practitioners who are working on the same project are invited to speed consulting sessions. External professionals not related to project were invited to serve on final design jury. Speed Consulting Sessions Goldberg Holland Wing
While Autodesk provides almost a limitless library of building, structural, and mechanical components, its landscape components are limited. (Flohr, 2011) METHODS The BIM Integration BIM tools such as Autodesk Revit are not well designed for landscape architectural needs Landscape students have utilized other software applications to contribute to the IPD teams including Autodesk Civil 3D (Terra Vexillum, 2011; Creative Logic, 2011, Project Synergy. 2012) Goldberg Holland Wing
METHODS The GIS Integration In 2012, GIS was only limited to inventory mapping for campus features. In 2011, GIS was used to map natural factors and favorable areas for program elements were delineating with spatial analyst, then converted to vectors to be imported into Revit. (esseo, 2012; Creative Logic, 2011) Goldberg Holland Wing
METHODS Other Technologies Google SketchUp for conceptual design Autodesk 3ds Max for renderings Adobe Photoshop for rendering refinements Physical modeling with chip board 3D printing of Rhino terrains Architecture: Revit Architecture, Sketchup, AutoCAD, Ecotect and 3ds Max, Project Vasari Landscape Architecture: Revit Architecture, Civil 3D, Rhinoceros, SketchUp, ArcGIS Desktop Architectural Engineering: Revit MEP, Navisworks(4D and Clash Detection), Timberline (cost estimating), GBS (energy modeling), RAM (structural), Primavera (schedule), ETABS, DAYSIM, RISA-2D, STAAD Pro, Trance Trace, equest,and AGi32. (ICE Design, 2012) Goldberg Holland Wing
STUDENT POSTERS
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS Future Studios Improve Collaborative Studio Space More challenging landscape design programs Increase the use of BIM analysis for selecting final design scenarios and cost estimates. Expand sites to better utilize GIS Improve Virtual Studio Experience Collaborative workspace at Texas Tech University (top), Penn State Collaborative BIM Studio space (below) Goldberg Holland Wing
CONCLUSIONS Future Research Questions What impact does the Collaborative Interdisciplinary BIM/IPD studio have on a students discipline knowledge? Does the BIM/IPD process restrict the creativity of the designers? Is the resulting design good architecture? What is the ideal collaborative environment workspace for BIM/IPD studios? Goldberg Holland Wing
Flohr, T. (2011). A Landscape Architect s Review of Building Information Modeling Technology. Landscape Journal: design, planning, and management of the land 30(1), 169-170. University of Wisconsin Press. REFERENCES AIA, AIA California Council. Integrated Project Delivery Guide. Deutsch, Randy (2011). BIM and Integrated Design: Strategies for Architectural Practice. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Eastman, Chuck (2008). BIM Handbook: A Guide to Building Information Modeling for Owners, Managers, Designers, Engineers, and Contractors. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Poerschke, U., Holland, R.J., Messner, J.I., & Pihlak, M. (2011): BIM collaboration across six disciplines. Proceedings of the International Conference on Computing in Civil and Building Engineering, Nottingham University Press. Sipes, James L. (2007): Applying Building Information Modeling to Landscape Architecture. American Society of Landscape Architects Annual Meeting, San Francisco, CA 2007. Sipes, James L. (2008): Integrating BIM Technology Into Landscape Architecture. Landscape Architectural Technical Information Series, Number 1.
2012 Team esseo: Mahzad Tashakori, Laurie Beth Donnachie, Josh Progar, Josh Wentz, Asher Harder, Patrick Laninger Team Integrated Inc.: Jeff Brown, Kaylynn Primerano, Alex Byard, Melanie Fonner, Kyle Houserm Devon Saunders STUDENT WORK SHOWN 2011 Team Creative Logic: Mahzad Tashakori, Laurie Beth Donnachie, Josh Progar, Josh Wentz, Asher Harder, Patrick Laninger Team Terra Vexillum: Neeraj Chatterji, Jesse Cornacchione, Nate Babyak, Brian Sampson, Joseph Becker, Sarah Bell Team ICE Design: Pat Allen, Matt Fogarty, Bryan Heritage, Craig Karduck, Brian LaChance, Nick Ramondo Team Cutting Edge Solutions: Frank Campisino, Eric Cook, Laura Gottschall, Matt Hoerner, Chang Liu, Dave Milliken Team Project Synergy: Amanda Montemore, Kevin Mokos, Punit Das, Dan McGee, Chris Pozza, Keith McMullen
ABOUT THE AUTHORS David E. Goldberg Practitioner Instructor of Landscape Architecture Robert J. Holland Professor of Practice of Architecture and Architectural Engineering Scott W. Wing Associate Professor of Architecture Pennsylvania State University
DLA Conference 2012 Bernburg- Dessau, Germany GIS + BIM = Integrated Project Delivery @ Penn State David E. Goldberg Robert J. Holland Scott W. Wing (Image: Creative Logic, 2011)