NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION-ROMSILVA ACTUAL CHALLENGES IN FOREST MANAGAMENT www.rosilva.ro WTC OCTOBER 3rd 2011
ROMANIAN FORESTS Total forest area : cca 6.7 million ha (28% of the total country area); Geographical forest distribution: 66 % in mountain areas ; 24 % in hilly regions 10 % in the plains; Forest composition: 30 % conifers (Norway spruce, Silver fir, Scots pine, larch, Douglas-fir); 31 % beech; 18 % oaks; 16 % various hard broadleaves ( hornbeam, black locust, ash, maple, cherry tree etc.); 5 % various soft broad-leaves (lime tree, poplars, willows).
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ROMANIAN FORESTS STANDING VOLUME : 1 341 MILLION C.M. AVERAGE VOLUME / HA : 218 C.M/HA AVERAGE INCREMENT: 5,6 CM/HA/YEAR 11 13 % 39 37 CONIFERS BEECH OAKS VARIOUS
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ROMANIAN FORESTS ROMANIAN FORESTS - AGE STRUCTURE 15 23 10 15 19 18 1->20 21->40 41->60 61->80 81->100 >100
RESTITUTION OF FORESTS Law no. 18/1991 : cca 355 thousands ha of forest were restituted to the private owners; Law no. 1/2000 : cca 1.9 million ha of forest were restituted to the former prenationalization (1948) forest owners; Law no.247/2005- aprox. 0,8 million ha of forest were restituted million ha 7 6,4 6 6,1 5 4 3 2 1 0 5,9 5,5 4,7 1,7 0,9 0,3 0,5 0 1991 1992 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2009 2010 4,5 1,9 4,2 2,2 3,5 2,9 3,3 3,4 State Non-state
RESTITUTION OF FORESTS Forest ownership structure State 49 % 19 % 17 % 12 % Individuals Communities 3 % Towns and villages Church & educational institutions
NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION ROMSILVA (NFA) NFA ROLE IN THE ROMANIAN FOREST MANAGEMENT National Forest Administration Romsilva (NFA) was established on the 1 st of January 1991 (Governmental Decision 1335/21.12.1990) Main tasks: to implement the national forest strategy in state forests; to ensure the integrity, preservation and sustainable development of the state owned forest stock; to sustainably manage the state forest areas; to manage on a contractual basis non-state forest areas, afforested pastures or shelterbelts; to soundly use timber and non timber forest products including management of the hunting and fishing areas allocated by law; to deliver forest specific public services; to act as National Horse Breeding Authority and preserve the genetic patrimony of the Romanian thoroughbred horses.
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE NFA NFA acts under the authority of the Ministry of Environment and Forests NFA coordinates 41 county departments (forest directorates) consisting of 325 forest districts and the Forest Research and Management Planning Institute Total NFA staff consists of 18,400 employees, out of which 9,000 forest staff (2500 diplomat engineers),
NFA ORGANIZATIONAL CHART NFA HEADQUARTERS Forest Directorate 1 Forest Directorate 2 Forest Directorate 41 Forest Research and Management Planning Institute Forest District 1 Forest District 1 Forest District 1 Forest District 2 Forest District 2 Forest District 2 Forest District n Forest District n Forest District n
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE STATE FORESTS ADMINISTRATED BY NFA Total state forest area: 3,3 million ha (49% of the total forest area); Private forest managed under contract basis : 1,1 million ha State forest composition: 26% coniferous (Norway spruce, silver fir, Scots pine, larch, Douglasfir); 31 % beech; 19 % oaks; 16 % various hard broadleaves ( hornbeam, black locust, maple, ash, wild cherry etc.); 8 % various soft broad-leaves (lime tree, poplars, willows etc.) State forest structure by functional groups: 46% 54% Protection forests Production forests
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE STATE FORESTS ADMINISTRATED BY NFA Functional group I (protection forests) main attributes: 6% 11% 10% 42% 31% Water protection Soil protection Pollution & climatic protection Forests with recreation function Biodiversity protection
NFA MAIN ACTIVITIES Management of the forest area and its resources: Forest management based on the concept of sustainability Tending operations in young stands on approximately 100,000 ha Timber sale standing timber (approximately 10 million cubic meters/year) logs and processed timber (approximately 700.000 cubic meters/year) Felling / Silviculture systems 5% 7% 8% 3% 13% 9% 55% shelterwood-uniform shelterwood -groups selction/group selection clear felling coppice conservation substitution
NFA MAIN ACTIVITIES Forest regeneration 2010: The annual regenerated area (total) afforestation natural regeneration - cca 14.000 ha, out of which: - cca 7 200 ha - cca 6 800 ha Forest nurseries a total area of about 2.500 ha with an annual production of 85 million seedlings (30 million conifer seedlings and 55 million broadleaved seedlings). 5% 15% 14% Regeneration by species 4% 2%1% 16% 14% 6% 23% Beach - 16% Oaks - 14% Ash, Maple, Cherry - 6% Black locust -23% Poplar and willow - 14% Other broad leaves - 5% Spruce - 15% Fir - 4% Larch - 2% Other conifers - 1%
NFA MAIN ACTIVITIES Ecological reconstruction: afforestation of degraded lands. Investment activities: Watershed management; Forest roads. Pest control: Broad-leaved forests insect control using biological and bioactive controllers; Coniferous forests bark beetle control using pheromone traps. Protected areas and biodiversity conservation: national parks natural parks natural or scientific reserves Wildlife management and hunting: Hunting areas of over 6 million ha; Main game species: red deer, roe deer, fellow deer, chamois, wild boar, hare, pheasant, capercaillie, wild ducks and geese.
NFA MAIN ACTIVITIES Trout farms and fishing in freshwater: 50 trout farms with an annual production of 900 tons of trout; Over 400 fishing funds, totalising more than 18.000 km of freshwater and over 12 thousands ha of lakes. Other forest products: Forest fruits; Edible mushrooms; Medicinal and aromatic plants; Wickerwork; Ornamental products; Ornamental trees and plants. Timber and other wood products: Semi-products, parquet elements etc.; Wood products and small furniture; Charcoal.
NFA MAIN ACTIVITIES Silvo-tourism: accommodation in 100 comfortable chalets and guided tours. Forest research and management planning: carried out by the Forest Research and Management Planning Institute. Breeding and improving of thoroughbred horses: 17 elite horse breeding units (out of which 12 are stud farms); 10 pure breeds, 2 varieties and 2 new breeds, totalling 4000 horses; The Equestrian Sport Club belonging to the National Forest Administration Romsilva; Sport, tourism and recreational riding.
NFA - NEW ACTIVITIES Protected areas and biodiversity conservation Reasons: integrated management of the forest ecosystems rising the visibility of the forest sector Natura 2000 network ecological education Silvotourism: Reasons: a better use of natural capital sound use of the hunting chalet network ecological education
2010 FOR ROMSILVA Forest management on 4,4 million ha 3,3 million state forest, 1,1 million private Annual cutting : 9,989 million cm Thinning operations : 106 199 ha Forest regeneration : 14 000 ha Illegal logging: 49 306 cm Forest certification started for 2,5 million ha Investments: 41,8 million euro 9,2 million euro in forestry roads Turnover: 263 million euro 75% from timber - 25% other products
CHALLENGES The restitution of forests still in progress trials on court The implementation of the EU directives concerning the environment very restrictive context for the forest- Strategic Environmental Assessment is compulsory for the management plans. Bureaucratic system of the forestry authorities. Technical norms very rigid with implications in the forest management. Small forest property, difficult to be managed. Low density of the forestry roads. Illegal logging guarding the forest with important costs. Due dilligence system. Low level of the budgetary funds allocated to the forests.
INTERNATIONAL CHALLENGES Forest Owners CEPF COPA/COGECA ELO EUSTAFOR Pulp and Paper CEPI Forest Enterpreneurs ENFE Main Players of Cooperation Wood Working CEI-Bois EOS EPF Furniture EFIC Research and Information COST EEA EFI EFPRO EUROSTAT FAO-Fra FTP InnovaWood JRC UNECE/FAO-Forestry and Timber Section Interaction Policy and Administration EU Commission EU Council EU Parliament CoR EESC Forest Europe
INTERNATIONAL CHALLENGES -Legally Binding Agreement on Forests in Europe -DG ENV-Green Paper on Forest Protection and Information in the EU Roadmap to Resource Efficient Europe -Second European Climate Change Programme (including carbon storage in forests and wood products) -CAP 2014+ (Common agricultural policy after 2013) -Roadmap to an European Strategy and Action plan towards a sustainable bio-based economy by 2020
Thank you for your time! ciprian.pahontu@rnp.rosilva.ro www.rosilva.ro