ambridge Geography for the I iploma: Patterns and hange nswers to multiple-choice questions The correct answer to each question is shown in bold font. Section 3: Patterns in environmental quality and sustainability 1 The radiant energy emitted from the Sun is termed: longwave radiation convection insolation transmission 2 The point at which the damage caused to global systems by climate change becomes irreversible is known as the: tipping point balance point global warming point crucial point 3 The quantity of heat absorbed or released by a substance undergoing a change of state is called: sensible heat ground heat converted heat latent heat 4 The proportion of solar energy reflected from the Earth back into space is the Earth s: reflection ratio albedo energy loss energy balance opyright ambridge University Press 2011. ll rights reserved. Page 1 of 8
ambridge Geography for the I iploma: Patterns and hange 5 The lowest layer of the atmosphere is the: stratosphere mesosphere troposphere thermosphere 6 The transfer of heat by the movement of a gas or a liquid is: convection conduction radiation condensation 7 Globally it is estimated that how many billion hectares of soil resources have been degraded? 1 2 3 4 8 The concentration of abnormally high levels of salts in soils due to evaporation is known as: acidification salinisation aggregation buffering 9 What proportion of the population in rural Sub-Saharan frica is reliant on agriculture as a source of income and employment? 80% 70% 60% 50% opyright ambridge University Press 2011. ll rights reserved. Page 2 of 8
ambridge Geography for the I iploma: Patterns and hange 10 Irrigated farming accounts for what proportion of global annual water consumption? 40% 50% 60% 70% 11 Which world region faces the most serious water supply problems? the Middle East and North frica South and entral merica North merica Europe 12 Precipitation absorbed by soil and plants, then released back into the air, is called: blue water green water grey water yellow water 13 country is judged to experience water stress when water supply is below how many cubic metres per person per year? 1300 1500 1700 1900 14 Water that is free from impurities is called: potable water portable water pure water passable water opyright ambridge University Press 2011. ll rights reserved. Page 3 of 8
ambridge Geography for the I iploma: Patterns and hange 15 The amount of water that is used to produce food or any other item and is thus essentially embedded in the item is known as: realistic water virtual water contained water silent water 16 Vadodara is the largest city in the Indian state of: Gujarat ihar Tamil Nadu Karnataka 17 The term for when species are restricted to a single region is: isolationism singularness uniqueness endemism 18 biome is a: naturally occurring organic community of plants and animals river system biodiversity hotspot major soil type 19 The world s largest area of rainforest is in: Indonesia razil olombia Malaysia opyright ambridge University Press 2011. ll rights reserved. Page 4 of 8
ambridge Geography for the I iploma: Patterns and hange 20 The mazon holds carbon stocks of about: 20 billion tonnes 50 billion tonnes 90 billion tonnes 120 billion tonnes 21 The mazon basin has an annual rainfall of approximately: 1000 mm 2000 mm 3000 mm 4000 mm 22 Most of the mazon basin has acid soils known as: latosols podsols terra rossa brown earths 23 The environmental impact caused by an individual tourist on holiday in a particular location is known as the: individual footprint tourist footprint destination footprint location footprint opyright ambridge University Press 2011. ll rights reserved. Page 5 of 8
ambridge Geography for the I iploma: Patterns and hange 24 The scenario for future patterns of production and consumption which assumes that there will be no major changes in attitudes and priorities is: no change business-as-usual median line present approach 25 The world s first National Park, designated in 1872, was: Yosemite Yellowstone Great Smoky Mountains Grand anyon 26 pproximately what proportion of the world s land area is covered by national protection schemes? 2% 12% 18% 25% 27 New technologies that aim to conserve the natural environment and resources are known as: blue technologies eco-technologies green technologies biotic technologies 28 The Maasai Mara National Reserve is in: Uganda Tanzania South frica Kenya opyright ambridge University Press 2011. ll rights reserved. Page 6 of 8
ambridge Geography for the I iploma: Patterns and hange 29 The capital city of Namibia is: Windhoek Luanda Lusaka Gaborone 30 Which of the following crosses Namibia? the Equator the Tropic of ancer 50 degrees South the Tropic of apricorn 31 pproximately what proportion of Namibia s population lives below the international poverty line? 20% 30% 40% 50% 32 When did Namibia s ommunal onservancy Programme begin? 1986 1991 1996 2001 33 What proportion of the land area of Namibia does the onservancy Programme cover? 4% 14% 24% 34% opyright ambridge University Press 2011. ll rights reserved. Page 7 of 8
ambridge Geography for the I iploma: Patterns and hange 34 The ommunal onservancy Programme was extended in 2001 to encompass community: coastal zones forests grasslands deserts 35 Expanding effective programs to reach larger numbers of people in a broader geographical area is known as the: expansion process scaling-up process extension process widening-out process opyright ambridge University Press 2011. ll rights reserved. Page 8 of 8