Creation of an attractive U livable Urban Environment Germany Dr. Axel Friedrich HOW TO ACHIEVE SUSTAINABLE URBANTRANSPORT? Rosario, Argentina May 10-14, 2011
Environmental Sustainability Principles Regeneration: rate of use of renewable resources below rate of their regeneration Substitutability: rate of use of non-renewable resources below rate of their replacement by renewable resources Assimilation: releases to the environment should not exceed critical thresholds or critical limits Avoiding irreversibility: avoidance of irreversible effects
OECD Environment Directorate E S T nvironmentally ustainable ransportation.. does not endanger public health and ecosystems and meets needs for access to people, goods and services consistent with (a) use of renewable resources at below their rate of regeneration, and (b) use of non-renewable resources at below the rates of development of renewable substitutes
Examples of Sustainable Development in German Cities 1. Berlin 3.44 Mill inhabitants Capital of Germany Very good public transport system Very limited financial resources due to German unification 2. Tübingen 85.000 inhabitants, 24.500 students. High environmental conscious and political engaged citizens Mayor from the Green Party
The Vision The vision gives an answer to the question To where we want to go? ; How should our city look like in 20 years?. The basic idea is to fullfill the mobility needs, however to reduce the undesired results of the traffic.
The vision and the goals have to be adopted by the City Government and by the City Council before discussing the measures
Berlin City Development Plan - Transport Integration of City land use planning and transport planning Twelve sub strategies More than 130 concrete measures. Integration of goals and measures with the financial planning of the city. Reduction climate gas emissions from 2,6 Mill. T in 2006 to about
Consultative Procedure: The Procedure is crucial for the Result Administration Working Group Round Table Scientific Advisory Council Round Table Task Force Public Authorities Moderator ServicePr ovider Service Provider Service Provider Service Provider 05.08.2003 8 Chamber of Commerce, Haulage Companies Trade Associations
The new City Development Plan Transport Mode share goal 2025 Pedestrians 28% cars 25% Sustainable transport 75% Bicycle 18% Public transport 29% Source: F. Kunst 2011
Berlin a Poly Centric City City West Historic City Center Numerious sub centers Numerious sub centers Source: F.Kunst
Parking Space Management Extension Source: Step Verkehr Berlin2011
Revision of the Bicycle Transport Strategy in 2011 New bicycle strategy - old subjects: Extend infrastructure (including bicycle parking) 100 km new tracks Routennetz vervollständigen Improve maintenance Continue and further development of safety improvements Extend communication and information Think big Concepts and measures to handle big bicycle traffic amounts (Design of bicycle infrastructure, bicycle parking facilities, bicycle transport in the public transport, high speed bicycle tracks, automatic bicycle stations etc.). Source:F.Kunst
trips per day Modal Split 2025 in Berlin cars pedestrians bicycle public transport Bauscenario Stepscenarion Extended Public transport scenario
Emission Reduction in Berlin
Environmental Zones
The bottom of the sign indicates which vehicle sticker(s) are allowed to enter. A sticker must be bought and displayed in the windscreen. Penalty; 40 fine and one point in the national traffic penalty register
Environmental Zones in Germany EZ planned EZ only vehicles with a red,yellow or green sticker EZ only vehicles with yellow or green sticker EZ only vehicles with green sticker
Berlin Environmental Zone Emission Citeria
Berlin Environmental Zone Impact Analysis
Berlin Environmental Zone Impact Analysis Particle Emissions-Black Carbon
Berlin Environmental Zone Impact
Berlin Environmental Zone Impact Analysis NO x Emissions
Tübingen
Goal of the Project Development of a comprehensive Concept for a Sustainable Urban transport in Tübingen Main Focus: Daily mobility 25
Lighthouse Goals for the Transport Sector Tübingen 1. Climate protection goal 50% less carbon dioxide (CO2) from the transport sector until 2030 2. Accessibility of the daily mobility targets for all citizens 3. Improvement of City and living quality (e.g. Noise, pollution, living environment, supply) 4. Strengthening of science and economy in the city parts, the city center and in the living areas 5. Cost reduction through 50 % less fuel consumption until 2030 Decision of the City Council of the City of Tübingen on the 15.03.2010 26
It is not enough, to make the existing infrastructure more attractive and safe for pedestrians and cyclists ; by recontruction of the city the share of short trips has be increased. City Life quality Create mission statements for City life quality Development of criteria City Quarters have to improved Design quality area quality for pedestrians Create living street areas Bicycle traffic Main goal: equity acceleration Improvement of safety www.archicentral.com www.begegnungszonen.ch
Mobility in Tübingen in 2007 Andrea Henkel - Nachhaltiger Stadtverkehr Tübingen 28
Mobility in Tübingen 2007 Inner city traffic Commuter traffic Total traffic Source: Haushaltsbefragung der Tübinger Bürgerinnen und Bürger 2007 (Stadtverkehr Tübingen) Andrea Henkel - Nachhaltiger Stadtverkehr Tübingen 29
Scenarios CO2 emissions road transport Traffic generation +/-0 % mode change -10 % transport improvements -20 % technology -30 % Andrea Henkel - Nachhaltiger Stadtverkehr Tübingen 30 Sustainability
Lighthouse Project I Exchange Point Blue Mobility 2030: The main railway station will be the exchange point of a blue mobility.. As gate to the city the buildings and the areal around the station will be designed attractive. The change between the modes will be comfortable and the orientation will be simple.. Measures Barriers free reconstruction of the station Mobility central unit combination /connection - rail, bus, Carsharing, bicycle rent etc. Better connection to the inner city (pedestrian/bicycle) Step by step implementation
Lighthouse Project II Blue Enterprises 2030: Most employees don't need a car to come to work Lack of parking space is reduced, work and public transport schedules are coordinated. Employees reach the workplace without congestion and reliable Blue climate stars" also for mobility management www.a-sh.de Training for mobility repräsentatives Cooperation of Enterprises, Networks, Synergies Beratung, Information, Coordination Offers Andrea Henkel - Nachhaltiger Stadtverkehr Tübingen 32
Lighthouse Project III Blue Zone 2030: The Inner City is a model for sustainable mobility. The public space is designed accordingly here is the space for communication and urban live. Pedestrians and Cyclists have ideal conditions.. Who ownes an energy efficient city vehicle, will have benefits of many advantages.. Andrea Henkel - Nachhaltiger Stadtverkehr Tübingen 33 www.rwe.de
Lighthouse Project III Blue Zone Accessibility and Sustainability Promotion of city friendly transport modes Improvement of accessibility and maintain City quality Measures Improvement of area quality User privileges for Delivery and cargo transport City friendly cars e.g. lower parking fees for small and efficient cars E-Bike Area reservations (+charging possibilities)! www.rwe.de Andrea Henkel - Nachhaltiger Stadtverkehr Tübingen 34
Measure Evaluation Uncertainties in the prognosis due to Lack of evaluation results for City structure and traffic behavior Soft measures Long term effective measures Complexity of the impact relationships However: Lighthouse goals are achievable and the measure packages are suitable to meet them Lighthouse projects are widely accepted by the citizens Andrea Henkel - Nachhaltiger Stadtverkehr Tübingen 35
axel.friedrich.berlin@gmail.com
I have a Dream: Überall ist Kopenhagen! Stau in der Rushhour in Kopenhagen Quelle: Fairkehr, April 2008