CFRP Strengthening and Load Testing of the Concrete Deck of I-10 KCS Railroad Overpass Mohsen Shahawy, Ph.D, PE SDR Engineering Consultants, Inc. SDR Engineering Consultants, Inc. 2260 Wednesday Street, Suite 500 Tallahassee, Florida 32308 Tel: 850-222-2737 shahawy@sdrengineering.com
FRP MATERIALS Fibers: GFRP CFRP AFRP + Resins: Epoxy Polyester Fiber Reinforced Polymers: Bars, Tendons, Grids, Laminates
FRP MATERIALS FRP Fiber Reinforced Polymer Fiber Polymer Matrix
FRP MATERIALS High strength-toweight ratio Excellent durability 300 HM CFRP (pitch) (220 ksi) CFRP (pan) (310 ksi) AFRP (240 ksi) Non-magnetic Low-transversal resistance (temporary works) Stress (ksi) 200 100 GFRP (180 ksi) Steel (60 ksi) 0 0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% Strain
Automotive/Railway and Aerospace General use of FRP in Transportation Aircrafts Race Cars Trucks Cars A380 Fiber Metal Laminate McLaren Formula 1 CFRP Thermoset Car Body Structure SMC Thermoset Parts for Driver Cabin GMT-Thermoplastic Helicopters Sport Cars Buses Concept Cars Rotor Blade Erosion Protection CFRP Thermoset Car Body Structure SMC Thermoset Panels Injection Moulded Thermoplastic Car Body
AEROSPACE INDUSTRY Airbus 380 CFRP CFRP GFRP AFRP CFRP
Time Aircraft Bridges 1900+ Fleetster - eight-passenger V-1A - 1932 Aero-Engineering & Avionics Bridge Structural Engineering 1950+ The Avro Canada CF-105 Arrow - 1957 Avionics & Aero-Engineering Civionics + Bridge Structural Engineering 2000 Space Shuttle Discovery - 2005
RC STRUCTURES Corrosion induced concrete deck deterioration
Bridge Durability
Accidental Damage
RC STRUCTURES Lightweight FRP facilitates installation
RC STRUCTURES: Bridge Decks Sierrita de la Cruz Creek (TxDOT) Pierce Street Bridge, OH Taylor Bridge, Manitoba, Canada Wotton, Québec, Canada
RC STRUCTURES: Bridge Decks 53 rd Ave. Bridge, IA Mills Rd. Bridge, OH Franklin Co. Bridge, VA Trout River Bridge, Alcan Hwy.
RC STRUCTURES: Bridge Decks CFRP grid Integrated with fiber optic sensors Reinforcement of the deck slab before casting Joffre Bridge, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
RC STRUCTURES: Bridge Decks Salem Avenue Bridge Composite rebars were used in conjunction with stay-inplace form panels to create the deck of the bridge.
Stay-in-place forms
Stay-in-place forms FRP Tube: Stay-in-place permanent formwork Longitudinal and hoop reinforcement for confinement Non corrosive and protects concrete core concrete I I I I I FRP shell Proposed in San Diego (Virginia)
CONCRETE FILLED FRP TUBES PILE APPLICATIONS
CONCRETE FILLED FRP TUBES Research and Development
FRP BRIDGES To verify theoretical calculations load tests were undertaken Lightweight structures capable of supporting extreme loads
FRP ROOF STRUCTURE Aerial Train Station, GA FRP components selected to avoid electromagnetic interference
STRENGTHENING STEEL BEAMS CFRP sheets (fiber properties) E = 92000 ksi f ult = 355 ksi e ult = 0.40 % CFRP laminates (70% f.v.f) E = 65000 ksi f ult = 220 ksi e ult = 0.34 %
STRENGTHENING STEEL BEAMS Strengthening system developed and design guidelines established
REPAIR AND STRENGTHENING Repair Strengthening Seismic Retrofit
FLEXURAL STRENGTHENING Externally Bonded FRP Strips / Sheets Wet lay-up systems Precured Laminates
FLEXURAL STRENGTHENING Strengthening of slabs with precured laminates
SHEAR STRENGTHENING Inclined orientation: efficient use of fibers
COLUMN REPAIR
COLUMN REPAIR Column wrapping with sheets for confinement FRP sheets
COLUMN REPAIR Pre-repair 1996 2003 Active Confinement FRP Grout Column 401 & Leslie
Deck Strengthening of Interstate I-10 Bridge Over KCS Railroad Overpass Using FRP Crane position on bridge
Deck Strengthening of Interstate I-10 Bridge Over KCS Railroad Overpass Using FRP
Deck Strengthening of Interstate I-10 Bridge Over KCS Railroad Overpass Using FRP Mi-Jack gantry Crane configuration
Deck Strengthening of Interstate I-10 Bridge Over KCS Railroad Overpass Using FRP Mi-Jack gantry Crane configuration
Deck Strengthening of Interstate I-10 Bridge Over KCS Railroad Overpass Using FRP Cross section of the bridge
Deck Strengthening of Interstate I-10 Bridge Over KCS Railroad Overpass Using FRP The maximum carried by the heaviest wheel of the crane is 96 kips Deck thickness: 7 inch Beam spacing: 7-5 Concrete strength: 4 ksi AASHTO Type III Girder Crane Wheel Load: Maximum wheel load: 96 kips Wheel location from left beam (CL): 23.19 inch Tire contact area: 30 inch width, 36 inch long Load factor: 1.25
Deck Strengthening of Interstate I-10 Bridge Over KCS Railroad Overpass Using FRP Deck Capacity Strut-and-Tie model FEM analysis showed a maximum wheel load of 43.2 kips
Deck Strengthening of Interstate I-10 Bridge Over KCS Railroad Overpass Using FRP Cross Section of the Deck with CFRP Applied Plan View of the Deck Bottom with CFRP Applied
Deck Strengthening of Interstate I-10 Bridge Over KCS Railroad Overpass Using FRP
Deck Strengthening of Interstate I-10 Bridge Over KCS Railroad Overpass Using FRP
Deck Strengthening of Interstate I-10 Bridge Over KCS Railroad Overpass Using FRP
Deck Strengthening of Interstate I-10 Bridge Over KCS Railroad Overpass Using FRP
Deck Strengthening of Interstate I-10 Bridge Over KCS Railroad Overpass Using FRP
Deck Strengthening of Interstate I-10 Bridge Over KCS Railroad Overpass Using FRP
Deck Strengthening of Interstate I-10 Bridge Over KCS Railroad Overpass Using FRP
Deck Strengthening of Interstate I-10 Bridge Over KCS Railroad Overpass Using FRP
Deck Strengthening of Interstate I-10 Bridge Over KCS Railroad Overpass Using FRP
Deck Strengthening of Interstate I-10 Bridge Over KCS Railroad Overpass Using FRP
Deck Strengthening of Interstate I-10 Bridge Over KCS Railroad Overpass Using FRP
The Future is Now Thank You