ECO-CITY-LINK INTER-CITY LAB Hefei Inter City Laboratory (ICL) Renewable Energy from Organic Household Waste Dr. Stefan Lübben Commissioner for Climate Protection 19. 22.09.2017, Hefei, China
Waste management in Germany German legislation Closed Cycle Management Act 5-step waste hierarchy: 1. Prevention of waste 2. Preparing for re-use 3. Recycling 4. Other recovery, e.g. energy recovery 5. Disposal By 2015: Separate collection (biowaste, metals, plastics, paper, glass) By 2020: Quotas for recycling (e.g. 65 % recycling of MSW) Various ordinances (landfilling, biowaste, batteries, packaging etc.) Circular Economy Act (Kreislaufwirtschafts-G) 1. Prevention 2. Preparing for re-use 3. Recycling 4. Other recovery, e.g. energy recovery 5. Disposal EU targets for recycling: - 65% of municipal waste by 2030; - 75% of packaging waste by 2030; - reduce landfill to max. 10% of all waste by 2030 German legislation is already more stringent than current European Waste Framework Directive 2
Waste management in Hamburg Stadtreinigung Hamburg (SRH) Area of Hamburg: 755 km² Inhabitants: 1.8 Mio. in 915,000 households SRH: public company since 1994 (by law) Owner: Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg Duties: Cleaning services, winter services, waste collection from households (+ commercial and public customers) Financing: Fees, Refunds, Charges Turnover: ~ 350 Mio. /a ~ 2,700 employees and ~ 700 vehicles 29 company sites (including subsidiaries) Waste management for ~ 1.1 Mio. tons per year 3
Hamburg and CEP (circular economy package) Innovative and forward-thinking waste management: Reuse Two secondhand shops (furniture, books, cloths, e-devices etc.) Separate collection and recycling 4-bin system: Biowaste, paper, packaging & plastics, households residuals Bring system for various fractions: Metals, electronic scrap, textiles, wood, green waste, bulky waste (12 waste receipt stations and >900 sites with public containers in the city) Long-term guarantee of safe disposal and contribution to energy transition in Hamburg Waste treatment (thermal / biological) in large plants with energy production and use of residual materials 4
Hamburg and CEP Positive effects since 2011 (start of recycling-offensive ): Increased amount of separate collected waste (recycling) Decreased amount of collected residual waste (thermal treatment) by nearly 100,000 tons p.a. Reorganizations of waste treatment plants SRH bought a composting plant and extended it to a fermentation and composting plant (70,000 t/a) SRH closed down an old incineration plant in 2015 (capacities were not needed anymore) SRH bought a modern incineration plant and extended a share in a second modern plant (incineration capacity total 640,000 t/a) Future plans (already started) Deconstruction incineration plant; build an innovative Centre for Resources and Energy with diverse treatment processes for several waste categories 5 79,000 Mg 66,000 Mg 61,000 Mg 455,000 Mg 36,000 Mg
fermenter pretreatment biowaste biofilter treatment green waste Rotting chamber compost storage area operation building and scale conditioning Gas storage Biofiltersystem and flare Biogas treatment and feedingstation thermal heating supply 6
Delivery of Organic Waste Contraries 1,5 2,5 % 7
Pre-Treatment Sifting by 80 mm perforation Breaking the material Extracting Fe-metalls Extracting plastic bags or other small contraries 8
Fermentation Logistics area Gas storage (970 m³) Fermenter (21 x 540 m³) Percolat reservoir (700 m³) 9
Composting The conditioned digestate is stacked to windrows. It is build in layers via the loading system. The rotting hall is 125 m long, 22 m wide; the windrows are 2.7m high (Volume = 7,000 m³) From the floor air is pressed througt the windrows. The temperature arises up to 70 degrees, so the material is sanitary harmless at the end. The windrow mover turned the material two times a week. Time in this hall 4-5 weeks (crude compost). 10
Fine processing The output is sifted to 10 mm, the underflow is the product mature compost The compost is used as an quality certified organic feritilizer in agriculture and gardening The overflow ist cleaned from plastic via an air separator and is used as structure material for the composting process or as woody fuel 11
Facts Amount of Input bio- and green waste: 70,000 t/a Output contraries: max ca. 3,500 t/a Output compost / compost products: 19,000 t/a Output wooden fuel: ca. 5,000 t/a Energy Biogas production 40 120 m³/t, lifelike 60 m³/t Biogas production (crude) about 350 700 m 3 Biogas/h / 4.8 Mio m³/a / 55% Methane Biomethan after treatment (Amin gas treating): 2.5 to 2.8 Mio m³/a Energy content biomethan ca.10 kwh/m 3 = 25 Mio kwh/a The treatment plant is completely encased to avoid slip of methane 12
Dr. Stefan Lübben, s.luebben@srhh.de 13