International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences 2016 Available online at www.irjabs.com ISSN 2251-838X / Vol, 10 (6): 709-714 Science Explorer Publications Examining the Effect of Official Automation on Improvement of Mangers Decision Making (Case Study: Bokan Saderat Bank) Mehran Molavi *, Alireza Sharghi, Naser Zeynali Department of Management, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran *Corresponding author email: dr_molavi1967@yahoo.com ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study is to examine the effect of official automation on improvement of mangers decision making. The study is applied, descriptive and survey in terms of goal, quality of data collection and quality of implementation. The statistical population comprises of all managers of Bokan Saderat Bank. Using consensus method, the sample size was determined as 40. To collect the data use wad made by questionnaire which involved 35 items. Using Cronbach alpha coefficient, the reliability was obtained as 0.811. Descriptive and inferential statistical test were used to make analysis on the obtained data. Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Pearson correlation coefficient and regression test indicated that official automation had an effect on decision-making of managers. Keywords: official automation, improvement of managers decision making, Bokan Saderat Bank INTRODUCTION Access to computer and information technology are the producers of development and lead to the fact that when he time is saved, prior time gets much more value. This leads to the notion that a positive cycle gets generated which makes acceleration. One can consider the decision making as the procedure of collecting and processing the data. Having accurate, relevant and instant information can give rise to the accuracy of decision making and impedes incorrect choices of decision making. Official automation involves all official electronic system which is related to the collection of information among people inner and outer of institute. Modern information systems are among the information systems that offer instrument for connecting and synchronizing the worker knowledge through the use of forming effective management between the evidences, messages and electronic sessions (Mahjorian, 2008). Review Of Literature It is believed that there is definite system and framework as the official automation; rather, they consider it as the combination of equipment and different instruments for facilitating the affairs dealing with official activities. However, the existence of official integrated system with large information was felt after 1960s which was named later as official systems, official information status, final user system, final user calculation systems. The most common term used for in this regard is the official automation. The above-mentioned system are not definitely defined, but they belong to the specific attitudes of user and this means that official automation systems are of immense importance. Followings are some of the definitions provided in this regard. Official automation involves all official and non-official electronic systems which are related to the connection of information among the people inner and outer of organization. The main term which distinguishes between management and support systems is the communication. Official automation is categorized by verbal and non-verbal types (Efraim, 2004). Official information systems support the information technology through the official affairs. Modern information systems are the categories of management information system which provide instruments for communicating the knowledge through the set of effective management of documents, messages, and electronic sessions. Official automation is defined as the application of electronic devices in official activities in order to increase efficiency. Increased efficiency is derived from the completion of information exchange inner and outer of offices which leads to the fact that decision is better made through offering better information (Mahjorian, 2008).
Official Automation System (OAS) Official automation is defined as the application of electronic devices in official activities in order to increase efficiency. The system involves a wide range of instruments such as webs and key processors. OAS help people to embark on their own affairs in a more positive way. Integrating technology in official automation There is a concept named automaton in advanced information technology through which people can make their transactions such as the evidences and documents. As an example in case, one can provide the expense through the use of computer which can be controlled by the manager. One can do all the task without the direct intervention of human force. Small companies can do their task thorough the use of these systems (Movahedi & Abasi, 2009). Official automation information systems (OAS) Official automation systems or OAS process the information dealing with official activities and tasks as well as the organizational infrastructures. In these systems, common instruments and tools such as MS Word, electronic worksheets such as MS Excel, Quattropropro, presentations such as PowerPoint and private information banks such as MS Access are used. Other facilities such as email, fax, and etc., are employed in official automation systems for establishing the communication and embarking on affairs. These tools are categorized in electronic communication systems, but they are not considered in official automation systems (Mohseni, 2006). One might say that the most common information system is the official automation systems which are used across organizations. The point is the inconsistency of many similar software in most organizations, one of the main tasks of information technology tasks is to standardize working formats and integrate some of the tools of official automation systems based on the communicative context. Many organizations make use of specific official automation software in an integrated fashion so that the banking transactions and communications are done in a systematic way. Some other organizations employ independent instruments for official automation systems without the network communication. Microsoft Software Company develops a supreme and compatible package of these software named Office. Regarding the facilities of Office network, it is possible to say that one can support the services offered by official automation (Zargar, 2004). Management and decision-making Management and decision-making are two close terms in management and accomplishing organizational affairs. Undoubtedly, decision-making the most important tsk f superior managers; however, in case the process is viewed in general scope, the situation differs (Rafrazi et al., 2010). Often, managers view decision-making as the individual event which occurs in determined instant of time. However, decision-making is the mixed process with power, policies, personal differences and organizational history. Leaders who enjoy this feature can make better decisions when compared to those leaders who focus on their own judges. It is the reason why sometimes it is said that some of the decision-making processes are much more effective than others and decision-makers employ one0sided and biased process which might me the most inefficient way for doing the tasks. They view decision-making as a conflict in which they defend their own process. They provide the information in evaluative form and can form conducted situation through offering differed data (Khosro and Mokhatab, 2012). Decision-making structure Decision- making structure shows the event of control or decision-making control assignment in organization and the event of corporation among the organizational management when it comes to making decision dealing with management information system or information technology. Prior studies have indicated that non-focused structure of decision-making is among the factors which facilitate the implementation and execution of information technology system in complicated organizations. In addition, a number of studies have shown that since organizational structure forms the organizational processes. Organizational structure with higher levels of focus leads to much more success in applying the information systems. Such inference indicate that decision making structure is the factor which would have great impact in success of information system (Ahmadi, 2007). CONDUCTED STUDIES Tabarsa and Gilani (2011) examined the relationship between information systems and decision making process of intermediate mangers in Saman Bank. Afore-said information systems influence the organizational processes and on decision making process. In this regard, important aspects of the variable have been discussed 710
in the study such as receiving the information, obtaining valid information, containing related information, obtaining comprehensive information and the possibility of controlling the systems. The questionnaire items were composed in a way that each component is measured accurately. The results showed that information systems increased the decision making process and intermediate managers decisions. Parsa (2011) investigated the correlation between training information system as well as job satisfaction and efficiency of teachers working across Zone 2 Ministry of Education. It is found in the study that there was a relationship between employing the training automation information system and job satisfaction which is one of the efficiency factors. Also, significant relationship was reported between the two variables. In another study, Kai (2004) examined the level of automation system in California University and proposed that the development of automation system in recent years have got popularity in order to optimize the works and different official levels in reducing the expenses, human resource and time. Automation facilitates the servicebased affairs and increases the efficiency. The automation process requires the providing of guidelines and mapping the activities of system. The development of automation system is achieved based on the performance of system. DESIGN OF THE STUDY The study is applied, descriptive and survey in terms of goal, quality of data collection and quality of implementation. The statistical population comprises of all managers of Bokan Saderat Bank. Using census method, the sample size was determined as 40. To collect the data use wad made by questionnaire which involved 35 items. Using Cronabch alpha coefficient, the reliability was obtained as 0.811. Main hypothesis Official automation has an effect on improvement of decision-making of mangers working in Bokan Saderat Bank branches. Secondary hypotheses There is a significant relationship between the time use and improvement of decision-making of mangers working in Bokan Saderat Bank branches There is a significant relationship between the number of issued official letters and improvement of decision-making of mangers working in Bokan Saderat Bank branches. First secondary hypothesis There is a significant relationship between the time use and improvement of decision-making of mangers working in Bokan Saderat Bank branches To determine the type of test, the normality hypothesis dealing with the time use variable is examined by Q-Q plot and K-S test. Diagram 1. Q-Q plot for time use variables of respondents 711
As the diagram shows, the variables do not follow the normal distribution. However, statistical analysis are used to ensure this claim. Time use Table 1. K-S test results for time use variable statisti number c 2.295 175 K-S test description Level of significance According to the table above, the level of significance for K-S test is less than 0.05, so one can say that the variables are distributed non-normal. To examine the correlation is done by Spearman correlation coefficient. Table 2. The correlation between time use and improvement of managers decision-making improvement of managers decision-making Spearman correlation 0.151 coefficient Time use Level of significance 0.046 Frequency 175 According to the table above and the obtained analysis, the level of significance is less than 0.06, so null hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted. This means that there is a significant relationship between the time use and improvement of decision-making of mangers working in Bokan Saderat Bank. In addition, Spearman correlation coefficient is 0.151, so, there is a correlation between the two variables. Second secondary hypothesis There is a significant relationship between the issued official letters and improvement of decision-making of mangers working in Bokan Saderat Bank branches To determine the type of test, the normality hypothesis dealing with the issued official letters variable is examined by Q-Q plot and K-S test. Diagram 2. Q-Q plot for issued official letters variables of respondents As the diagram shows, the variables do not follow the normal distribution. However, statistical analysis are used to ensure this claim. 712
issued official letters Table 3. K-S test results for issued official letters variable K-S test description statisti number Level of significance c 2.410 175 According to the table above, the level of significance for K-S test is less than 0.05, so one can say that the variables are distributed non-normal. To examine the correlation is done by Spearman correlation coefficient. Table 4. The correlation between issued official letters and improvement of managers decision-making improvement of managers decision-making Spearman correlation 0.298 issued official letters coefficient Level of significance Frequency 175 According to the table above and the obtained analysis, the level of significance is less than 0.06, so null hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted. This means that there is a significant relationship between the issued official letters and improvement of decision-making of mangers working in Bokan Saderat Bank. In addition, Spearman correlation coefficient is 0.298, so, there is a correlation between the two variables. Official automation has an effect on improvement of decision-making of mangers working in Bokan Saderat Bank branches. The regression model is used to examine this hypothesis. Table 5. Variance analysis of main hypothesis dealing with official automation and improvement of decision-making of mangers R R2 Balanced Standard error identification coefficient identifying coefficient 0.588 0.345 0.388 0.5789 Changes Deg Sum of Mean Leve Level of resource ree of freedom squares of squares F l of confidence significance regression 1 15.684 15.684 4 0.95 remained 38 29.753 0.334 6.917 Test result: effect total 39 45.437 ------ According to the table above, one can say that the level of significance is less than 0.05, so null hypothesis is rejected. This carries the meaning that official automation has an effect on improvement of decision-making of mangers working in Bokan Saderat Bank branches. According to R2 identifying factor (0.345) which is defined as the changes ratio demonstrated by x variable to the total changes, one can say that 34.5% of the changes dealing with improvement of managers decision-making is determined by official automation. Table 6. Parameter coefficient of first hypothesis dealing with official automation variable and improvement of managers decision-making variable intercept Official automation slope β 2.200 0.439 Calculated t 4.595 3.368 Level of significance 0.001 Test result Rejection of null hypothesis Rejection of null hypothesis So, the mathematical equation dealing with the effect of official automation on improvement of decisionmaking of mangers as follows; Y = 2.200 + 0.439 1 One can say that one unit increase in official automation gives rise 0.439 unit increase in improvement of managers decision-making process. In addition, the regression model is significant. REFERENCES Ahmadi, M. (2007). Decision-making f approaches and techniques. Journal of police Human Development, 4(11), 9-30. Efraim T, (2004) Information Technology for Management: Transforming Business in the Digital Economy, Fourth Edition, City University of Hong Kong,. 713
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