1. Vision: Chapter: 2 Animal Husbandry Animal Husbandry sector plays a very important role in the economy of the state. One third of the rural economy is dependant on this sector. Animal Husbandry gives an opportunity for poverty eradication, development of rural economy & alleviation of unemployment. Moreover, availability of protein for human need, sufficient and incessant economic gain for rural people and employment for unemployed youths depend upon the multifaceted programmes ofanimal Husbandry. 1.1 The Present milk production of the state is 6516 thousand MT per year. It has been targeted to take this production level up to 10035 Thousand MT per year by 2017 and to 14867 Thousand MT per year by 2022. The milk processing capacity is presently 2060 thousand litres per day which has been targeted to 8260 (thousand Litres) per day by the year 2017 & 13160 Thousand Litres by the year 2022. Presently the egg production in the state is 11002 Lakhs per annum which has been targeted to reach 216000 Lakhs per annum by the year 2017 & 234000 Lakhs per annum by the year 2022.The present meat production of the state is 218 thousand tone per annoum which has been targeted to increase to 1314 thousand tonnes by the year 2017 & 1423.5 thousand tonnes per annum by the year 2022. The present fish production of 2.88 lakh MT is targeted to increase to 8.86 lakh MT in 2017 and 10.25 lakh MT in 2022. 1.2 Present & Future Status of Important Livestock Products 69
70 2. To achieve above mentioned goal government has given special attention to the enhanchment of meat production capacity of cattle along with enhancement of milk processing capacity.breed improvement of the cattle is the priority of the state govt. For enhancement of the milk production Animal Breeding policy has been formulated in which the entire state has been divided into nine zones and for each zone specific breed has been identified. On the basis of the Breeding Policy, Artificial Insemination protocol will be implemented. By this method there will definitely be the breed improvement of the cattle thereby increasing the productivity of crores of cattle. Comfed along with other renounced institutions are being involved for achieving the goal. In addition to this the plan for establishment of cattle feed plant is being taken into consideration. For making availability of balance feed to the cattle one feed plant will be established at each block on PPPmode. In the animal husbandry sector emphasis will be on Artificial Insemination,Vaccination and Animal Feed.Goatry and poultry etc. programmes will be run at two levels.at the commercial levels Breeding programmes will be implemented and it will be distributed to poor people at the livelihood levels.milk processing will be emphasized and milk cooperative will be expanded and strengthened.in the fisheries sector,drainage scheme alongwith the construction of ponds scheme will be implemented so that the water bodies could be suitably utilized.fish seed and Fish Feed programme will be given priority. 3. Programmes: 3.1 Employment of Pashu Mitras at Panchayat level: One Pashu Mitra will be employed at Panchayat Level on contract basis. They will be trained in Artificial Insemination work and will be employed for A.I. work, consultant for farmer and will also facilitate the departmental works. For this Rs. 24616.32 Lakh is proposed. 3.2 Murgi Gram Yojna: 5.45 Lakh families of 13 selected districts of the state will be given 45 chicks. By this in 5 years 27.25 Lakh families have been targetted to be benefited. By this scheme per capita consumption of meat & egg will be increased. For this Rs. 61312.50 Lakh has been proposed. 3.3 Buck Distribution Scheme: To convered the local low productive goat breed into high productive goat government has proposed to distribute 45 thousand bucks in 45 thousand revenue villages. By this way meat production will be increased. For this Rs. 3312 Lakh has been proposed. 3.4 Mukhya Mantri Goat Distribution Scheme: Among the rural goat rearer family a unit of three goats will be distributed free of cost, so that their family
income could be increased. By the year 2017 10 Lakh families of 5 selected districts i.e. E.Champaran, W. Champaran, Sheohar, Sitamarhi, Muzaffarpur has been tragetted to get the benefit of this scheme. Women beneficiaries will be given priority. For this Rs. 88300 Lakh has been proposed. 3.5 Artificial Insemination Programme: Under cattle and buffalo breeding programme state has formulated the breeding policy. For improvement of breed of cattle state has been divided into 9 zones and each zone has been fixed by specificed breed of cattle. On the basis of breeding policy A.I. protocol will be executed. By this the breed of crores of cattle will be improved along with the production capacity of the cattle. Under this programme A.I. will be done by Non Governmental Organization on the basis of successful calf born. Every year Rs. 50 Lakh cattle will be covered under this A.I. programme. For this Rs. 100000 Lakh per year will be required and thus Rs. 500000 Lakh is expected to expend during 5 years. 3.6 Cattle Feed & Fodder Development Scheme: In the state 9.93 mio. MT dry fodder and 23.47 mio. MT green fodder and 5.48 mio. MT concentrate is deficient. To cater to this gap establishment of feed factory at each block on 50 percent subsidized rate on PPP mode is proposed. For this Rs. 17355 Lakh (subsidy) is proposed. 3.7 Animal Husbandry,Dairy and Fishery University : Considering the immence possibility of livestock and fishery development in the state and to promote the elite teaching facility and research programme one veterinary university will be established, in this way an holistic development in the field of livestock sector can be achieved. For this Rs. 70000 Lakh is proposed. 3.8 Training : Working vets, Para vets, Selected Pashu Mitra of the state will be trained at reputed institutions of the state and outside of the state in different batches. In this way their working quality will be increase. For this year wise Rs. 876.85LakhperyearasumtotalofRs.4328.30Lakhisexpectedtobespent. 3.9 Animal Health: Every year for the health coverage of livestock population of state 340 lakh cattle population will be vaccinated against HS BQ and FMD disease. 80 lakh goat has been targeted to vaccinate against PPR disease. For this Rs.11350 lakh expected expenditure is proposed. 3.10 Establishment of Modern Slaughter House: For clean and hygienic meat production in the state establishment of modern slaughter house at each district is proposed. For this Rs. 100.00 lakh is expected expenditure. 3.11 Institute ofanimal Helath and Production, Patna : This is the only institute in the state which needs to be strengthened for disease diagnostic for different livestock, research activities in the field of Animal Health vis-à-vis vaccine 71
production for the livestock.it is estimated to cost Rs. 10000 lakh in 5 years.this institute will be part of the new animal husbandry,dairy and fishery university.this institute will not produce animal vaccine.this institute will develop new vaccines and conduct research on second generation vaccines. 3.12 Emu Farming : For establishment of Emu Breeding farm in the state farmers willl be provided subsidy to propogate Emu farming. For this Rs. 100.00 lakh is to be earmarked. 3.13 Goshala Development Scheme: 86 goshalas are now involved in providng shelter to abandoned bovines. These goshalas have become non functional due to lack of resources. These goshalas will be strengthened for purchase, protection, development of indigenous cows, development of infrastructure, vermin compost production and for fodder production. For this schemes a sum of Rs. 4300 lakh (86x50) has been proposed. 4. Yearwise physical target: 72
5. Financial Requirement ( 2012 17) (Rs. in lakh) Up to 2012 17 73
6. Yearwise Financial Requirement (2012-13 to 2016-17) (Rs.in lakh) Development of Goshala 74
Dairy Development 1. Vision: Dairy development is important for strengthening of the rural economy and for creation of rural employment.the milk production during 2005-06 was only 48.55 lakh MT, which has increased to 65.16 lakh MT,which is 5.44% of the country production. This constitutes 6.41 percent increase over the last year.during 2010-11 the per capita per day milk availability was 175 gram in Bihar in comparison to the country average of 263 gram. Indian Medical Research Institute has recommended 220 gram milk per day per capita. This shows a gap of 45 gram per capita per day. The vision of the road map is to cover 60 percent villages in the milk cooperatives and to cover all milk producers in the milk cooperative network. It is also envisaged to be among the first four milk procuring states of the country. The democratic nature of the milk coopearatives will be strengthened and it will be extended to all districts. 2. Strategy The strategy for organisation of dairy co-operative societies centres will be geographical expansion so as to spread the network. All the milk producers of the villages under co-operative network will be targeted for bringing them under dairy network. The operations of dairy co-operative society will be made transparent by installation of automatic milk collection units which will test the quality of milk in the presence of milk pourer. Breed improvement of the milch animals will be taken up through artificial insemination with quality frozen semen. This service will be provided at the doorstep of the milk producer by village youth who will be trained at the training centres of COMFED or other organisations of repute. The inseminations done will be recorded for accessing the impact of AI program and formulation of policies. Fodder production will be taken up in the villages by providing breeder and foundation seed with assured buy back of the seed produced which will be used for fodder production. Cattle feed plants will be installed in the area of operation of milk unions so that regular supply of quality feed can be maintained. All the cattle feed plants will be equipped with technology for formaldehyde treatment for increased availability of rumen un-degradable protein for animals. Mineral mapping of the State will be done again so that for each district the cattle feed plants can produce specific mineral mixture. The natural calamities will be faced through establishment of fodder banks near flood prone areas where fodder blocks will also be stored. 75
The milk processing capacity will be created in the milk sheds based on their estimated potential during next five years. The present milk processing capacity of co-operative sector in the State is 10.60 lakh kgs per day. The ongoing work for establishment of plants will add 6.0 lakh capacity during current year. Keeping in view the seasonal fluctuations during summer and winter months for projected milk procurement of 44.0 lakh kgs, additional plant capacity of 50.00 lakh kgs will be created in phased manner. The old plants will be automated so as to make the operations cost effective. The seasonal fluctuations will be dealt with the help of powder plants which will convert surplus milk into milk powder for later use or sale. The bulk milk coolers will be installed at strategic locations in or near diara area so that milk from these areas can be accepted till late hours and also in rainy season. The strategy for milk marketing will be to reach near the consumer and maintain quality of milk through cold chain. Public-Private-Partnership model will be used for setting upastm (Bulk Milk Vending Machines) and whole day milk booths. The grocery shops in lanes will be made retailers of milk and milk products and equipment for maintaining cold chain will be provided. The milk producers will be trained in DCS Operation and Management Committee Orientation in the training centres within the State. The Artificial Insemination Training will be provided in COMFED's training centre and at other training centres of repute outside the State. In villages Awareness Programs will be conducted so that farmers can know about dairy cooperative network and basics of animal husbandry. The milk producers will be sent to other States also who have done good work in dairy development so that our producers can learn by seeing things. The union personnel will be sent for specialised trainings in institutions of repute. To manage this entire operation, specialised manpower will be utilised on contract basis and monitoring will be done through state of the art Enterprise Resource Planning System. 3. Physical target: The key physical targets are as follows: 76
4. Financial Target:- (Rs. In lakh) 5. Programmes : 5.1 Organisation of Dairy Co-operative Societies (DCS): Dairy Co-operative Societies will be organised to give an impetus to milk production and collection,providing artificial insemination facilities and inputs to the farmers for increasing farmer's income through dairying.a total of 12,000 DCS will be organised @ Rs. 35.00 thousand per DCS and total expenditure is expected to be Rs. 4862.03 lakh during 2016-17. 5.2 Manpower Development : Capacity building of farmers in latest techniques of animal husbandry and animal health, nutrition etc. helps them manage these animals better and get better output. It has been proposed to enhance the capacity of training centres and also encourage private entrepreneurs to set up centres where we can send our milk producers for training and skill upgradation. These centres will provide training on society organisation, and artificial insemination to the management committee members. It has also been proposed to arrange visit of farmers to other States like Punjab and Gujarat to acquaint them with improved practices so as to replicate them. Besides this, training on specialised programmes will be arranged at other specialised training centres or outsourced training centres. At village level, awareness programmes will be organised to popularise the co-operative 77
78 society model among villagers and induce them under dairy network. A total of 2.52 lakh farmers will participate under various training programmes. The management and implementation of this project will require skilled manpower having specialisation. It has been proposed to take services of such persons as per need. A total of 38,000 members will be trained and a sum of Rs. 15396.41 lakh have been proposed for this scheme during 2012-17. 5.3 Dairy farming Scheme : To generate the rural employment & increase the socio-economic condition of the farmer, dairy farming scheme is being implemented the state. Under this scheme upgraded/cross breed animals are procured and supplied to the farmers. During the year 2012-17 a sum of Rs. 12567.18 lakh have been proposed for dairy farming scheme. Under this scheme Laghu dairy, Mini dairy and Midi dairy will be established. 5.4 Installation of Bulk Coolers: Since last three years emphasis has been given on the installation of bulk milk coolers (BMC) at village level and it has given good results. With the installation of BMCs it has been possible to collect milk from remote villages also. About 150 bulk milk coolers and eight chilling centres with total chilling capacity of around 660 TLPD are functional at present in the villages / towns. It has been proposed to set up 230 new bulk coolers of 5000 litres capacity and 115 new bulk milk coolers of 10000 litres capacity in the villages till 2016-17. This will be augmented by addition of 120 bulk milk coolers of 5000 litres per day capacity and 60 bulk milk coolers of 10000 litres per day capcity.in diara area, milk is usually available in abundance but its movement and quality are the major challenges. Milk is brought by the farmers through boat and according to their convenience rather than following the DCS timings. Mapping of diara belt to establish bulk milk coolers at strategic locations is proposed so that milk coming from diara area could be tapped and chilled immediately to maintain the milk quality.asum of Rs. 8520.12 lakh has been proposed for this scheme. 5.5 Electronic Milkotesters: The milkotester automatically tests the quality of milk. It ensures proper payment of milk value to the farmer based on its quality and thus increases transparency in the operations at DCS. It has been proposed to install 12000 electronic milkotesters with solar battery in DCS 2016-17. 5.6 Establishment of Automatic Milk Collection Centres: This scheme will automate the processes of milk weighment, its testing and book keeping at the DCS level. The farmer gets a slip depicting the quantity of milk supplied, its
quality and amount that the farmer would be getting. This has increased the confidence of the farmers in the system and has resulted in increased milk collection at the DCS. It is proposed to install 6000 automatic milk collection units in dairy co-operative societies by 2016-17. For this scheme a sum of Rs. 8334.90 lakh have been proposed. 5.7 Estt. Of milk collection centre: Under this scheme improvement of quality and shelf life of milk will result in easy transportation from remote areas to urban area.asum of Rs. 4800.00 lakh have been proposed for this scheme and 600 units of milk collection centre will be established during 2012-17 5.8 Monitoring and Evaluation: Under this programme progress of the scheme sanctioned under R.K.V.Y and also evaluation of the performance & benefit by third agency will be implemented in the State.Asum of Rs. 205.81 lakh has been proposed during 2012-17. 79
Fisheries 1. Vision: Bihar is endowed with vast and varied inland aquatic resources viz rivers, canal, reservoirs, ox-bow-lakes, flood plains (chaur), ponds and tanks. Fisheries is a traditional profession in rural areas which involves both skilled and unskilled workers.the paradox of fisheries development in Bihar is that while it has large, untapped and underutilized water resources for aquaculture, there is a large gap between the demand and domestic fish production. The annual domestic demand of fish within the state is nearly 5.2 lakh tonnes, against the present annual production of around 2.88 lakh tones only. The balance requirement is largely met through supply of fishes from other states especially 1.5 lakh MT from Andhra Pradesh.The traditional fish culture,the preponderance of carps,lack of skilled and professional manpower,lack of production and use of fish seed and feed,weak extension,flood and drought,multi ownership of water bodies,social conflict eg ownership and sharing conflict,fish theft.poisioning,siltation of water bodies are the major constraints of fisheries in the state.there is vast underutilized water resources in the state.there is vast scope for expansion of fish culture.bihar is endowed with large water bodies viz. ponds (80000 Ha.) where catch fisheries is popular.fish production can be substantially increased by popularizing fish culture.this will help to create gainful employment for fish farmers and improve availability of cheap protein source for rural population.this will ensure livelihood promotion and income stability in rural areas in addition to the nutritional security and diversity of the rural population.avibrant fisheries sector will add to the state economy and help strengthen rural economy.in the context explained above the vision of this road map will be to increase fish production three times through adoption of ecosystem and community participation based aquaculture and management of fisheries resources. 2. Strategy: Bringing reforms in policies to create an enabling environment for sustainable fisheries development. Primary focus of the Department for fisheries development encompassing fish production enhancement and creation of rural livelihoods. 80
Institutional strengthening through organisational restructuring and capacity development of the personnel by enhancing their technical, extension, managerial, social mobilisation and leadership skills and bringing sharp attitudinal changes. Technical intervention Transforming traditional aquaculture to modern aquaculture by mainstreaming best practices based on sound scientific principles and visible farmers participated result demonstrations Diversification of aquaculture with due consideration to farmers' capacity, needs and local conditions Initiation of ornamental fish culture and recreational fisheries. Development of ox-bow lake fisheries through enhancement and better management practices. Bringing unutilised fisheries resources such as chaurs (floodplain fisheries) into the fold of priority development initiative. Reliable database, M & E system Establishment of robust and reliable database encompassing resources, outputs and field practices to support quality of planning and implementation. Introduction of monitoring, evaluation and technical backstopping system to ensure quality implementation of state and centrally sponsored schemes and programmes. Empowerment of fishing and farming communities Empowerment through on-site training and exposure visits to develop their technical, managerial and participatory skills. Conducting farmers' led result demonstrations at Panchayat level on aquaculture practices / ox-bow lake fisheries / chaur fisheries Grooming result demonstration farmers / fishers as extension volunteers through training, technical and extension support and involving them in the development programme and building of fisheries database. 81
Creating a participatory learning environment and putting farmers on innovative mode. Creating opportunities for entrepreneurs Establishing network of professionally managed hygienic and modern retail outlets at district headquarters and state capital by involving fisheries professionals and developing their entrepreneurship skills. Ensuring year round availability of quality seed at local level by establishing hatcheries in potential areas and promotion of seed rearing by farmers in the vicinity. Encouraging fisheries professional graduates to participate in this development initiative 3 Parameters for monitoring Establishment of fish hatcheries Production of Fish Seed and Fingerling Establishment of Feed Mill Consumption of Fish Feed Fish Productivity and Fish Production Per capita availability Institutional Credit Flow Marketing Network 4. Programme: The overall objective is to increase three fold fish production through the development of ponds, reservoirs, ox-bow lakes & wetland and adoption of technically sound aquaculture practices, rehabilitation of riverine fisheries and restoration of its habitats, and strengthen hygienic storage condition, rapid transportation system and market networks. Specific programs are listed as below, Developing new water areas, renovation & restoration of old water bodies Bringing water logged areas and wet lands under aquaculture project. Encouraging and strengthening both culture and culture based capture fisheries. 82
Promoting establishment of seed farms for ensuring timely and adequate supply of quality seeds at economical rates throughout the year. Introducing fast growing fish species in water bodies of Bihar. Strengthening financial institutions for timely and adequate credit facilities Promoting insurance coverage for fishermen & fish crop Encouraging new culture technologies, integrated fish farming and post harvest management Strengthening institutions for hatcheries, brood bank /seed bank, Fish Feed mill, Disease diagnostic labs, Fisheries research institute, Field testing labs. Training of members of fishermen cooperatives along with fish farmers of private water bodies. Establishing cooperative structure for fisheries Establishing private new fisheries college and new technical courses on fisheries Establishment strengthening of extension system upto village level. Encouraging public private partnership Institutional strengthening through organizational restructure and capacity building of personnel/staff by enhancing technical, extension, managerial, social mobilization and leadership skills. Socio-economic uplift of poor fishermen community. Assured water availability throughout the culture period. Improving database systems on resources, output, field practices and income/livelihood benefits. Improving, monitoring and evaluation for tracking implementation of schemes. Programmes for women empowerment. 83
84
85
86