NON-ALIGNED MOVEMENT MEANING FACTORS RESPONSIBLE OBJECTIVES ROLE OF JAWAHARLAL NEHRU NAMES OF THE ARCHITECTS OF NAM
Formed in 1961 New independent countries wanted to keep themselves away from Super Power Blocs A major Role played by our Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru MEANING movement of the newly independent countries or the Third World countries which aims to maintain their independent status. NON- ALIGNED MOVEME NT (NAM) Main Architects - Jawaharlal Nehru of India, Sukarno of Indonesia, Tito of Yugoslavia, Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt and Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana
Factors responsible for NAM Military Alliances and Division of Two Power Blocs Race for Armaments Struggle against Imperialism and Neo-colonialism Newly independent states wanted to enjoy freedom and power without any pressure. Asian Relations Conference, 1947 Purpose: to show the world that Asian countries would no longer be pawns in the hands of imperialists powers and they would function independently and effectively in maintenance of peace. Search for a respectable place by the New Independent countries of Asia, Africa and South America To keep their identity secure To enable them to help each other to promote economic development To help countries under foreign dominance Formation of a Collective Force Though not economically and militarily powerful, the newly independent countries want to use their moral and united force to maintain world peace.
OBJECTIVES OF NAM Should avoid Alignment to preserve their independence Avoid involving in foreign wars in which they have no interest End colonialism and imperialism Keep distance from Power Blocs, try to defuse tense atmosphere, act as mediators and prevent war and bring peace in the world Keep away from Power Blocs, so as to receive economic and technical assistance from both the blocs Against spirit of wars. Full faith in co-operation and peaceful co-existance Believe in principle of equality condemn racial discrimination Establish economic relations between the nations for economic and social reconstruction at home Against Arms Race Full respect for Human Rights for development of individuals. Complete support to the UN
Role of Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru Inaugurating the Asian Relations Conference in New Delhi in March 1947 he prompted the delegates not to be pawns in the hands of the imperialists but to get ready for the freedom of their countries Prompting the newly independent countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America not to Entangle Themselves with the Two Power Blocs He urged the Newly Independent countries to Maintain their Unity and Separate Identity Panchsheel and Pandit Nehru five principles of mutual existance Mutual respect for one another s territorial integrity Non-aggression Non-interference in one another's internal affairs Equality and mutual benefit Peaceful co-existance
Role of Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru The Bandung Conference (1955) and Pandit Nehru A step forward to the formation of NAM Nehru played an important role with President Sukarno(Indonesia) and Chou-en-Lai(China) Newly independent countries decided to keep themselves aloof from international complications and try to settle their disputes by following Panchsheel The Belgrade Conference (1956) Nehru gave a practical shape to the ideas propounded at Bandung Decision taken to call for Summits to form a world body for newly independent countries Nehru and First two Summits of NAM First Two Summit of the non-aligned countries took place at Belgrade in September, 1961 Nehru played important role planning the composition, policies and aims of NAM Second Summit - no. of members increased Member countries discussed about various problems concerning the newly independent states