Enterprise Conference 2008 The IT & Business Alignment Forum November 10-13, 2008, Las Vegas, NV How SOA Can Help EA Yan Zhao, Ph.D Enterprise and IT Strategy Current Affiliation: Mitre Corporation
Presentation Outline The current trend Enterprise, SOA, and their relationships Apply SOA to Enterprise Service Oriented Enterprise Service Oriented Enterprise Service Oriented Applications and Systems Service Oriented Infrastructure EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 2
Current Trend Internet Era - Businesses are more agile, geographical limitations are diminishing - Increasing needs in collaboration and information sharing to enable the link - Old systems with stove-piped design need to be modernized Information Revolution - Comparing to Industry Revolution age, we are in an Information Revolution age now - Business relies more on information - Need more organized and efficient ways for information processing and utilization SOA is the current state of art, is leading a new paradigm shift - Promotes collaboration, service and info sharing, IT flexibility, and business agility EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 3
The Purpose of Enterprise Have a blueprint and long-term guidance Facilitate decision making Support enterprise modernization efforts Enhance collaboration and interoperation Streamline business processes and technology implementations across the enterprise Enable resource sharing and cost efficiency by identify common and sharable components and services EA for an enterprise.vs. city plan for a city EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 4
Enterprise in Context future Strategic Planning (Business & IT) Business Operations Solution (SOA) current result-driven Performance Management Enterprise (Component-Based Service-Oriented) Capital Planning Investment Control Project & Program Management EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 5
Enterprise Components and Enterprise Life Cycle FEA Performance Reference Model (PRM) Business Reference Model (BRM) Service Component Reference Model (SRM) Data Reference Model (DRM) Technical Reference Model (TRM) EA for an Enterprise Performance Model Business Application/ System Data Technical Strategic Planning Enterprise IT Planning & Operation Life Cycle IT Initiatives Performance Measurement Capital Planning & Investment Control EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 6
What is SOA SOA is an architectural style and modeling approach that Emphasizes well-defined, loosely coupled, reusable and shareable services o Coarse-grained, business-centric services o Layered technology services o Componentized SOA, as a practical modeling approach, it suits enterprise architecture (EA) development very well It helps in bridging EA with solution architecture and implementation by layered service components across business models, application models, and technology implementation EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 7
Relationships: EA, SOA & Web Service Enterprise : It s a subject domain that is independent of approaches and methodologies for its development and presentation. Service-Oriented : It s a architecture style that describe businesses and systems with service-orientation. Web Services: It s a technology that enables us to implement applications in a service-oriented way. EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 8
Service Oriented Adoption in an Enterprise Service Oriented Enterprise How SOA affects enterprise Apply SOA to architectures and planning Apply SOA to enterprise service portfolio management Apply SOA to lifecycle, governance, and ROI Service Oriented Applications/Systems Apply SOA to application and system services Apply SOA to data services Apply SOA to federated Service Infrastructure Service Oriented Infrastructure Apply SOA to IT infrastructure -> SOI Service Oriented Infrastructure Framework Integrate SOI framework with ITIL *This indicates how SOA can be applied to EA EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 9
Service Oriented Enterprise Service Oriented Enterprise How SOA affects enterprise Apply SOA to architectures and planning Apply SOA to enterprise service portfolio management Apply SOA to lifecycle, governance, ROI Service Oriented Applications/Systems Service Oriented Infrastructure EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 10
How SOA Affect Enterprise SOA introduces a paradigm shift to enterprise Manage business functions into loosely coupled services to reduce complexities and lessen the impact of changes SOA introduces changes to traditional organization culture and management mechanisms Break stove pipes to enable collaboration Achieve long-term benefits instead of short-term ones SOA can optimize enterprise operational cost Shared services Enable separate business functions from IT infrastructure and technology improvement (via layered architecture) SOA can enhance enterprise lifecycle and governance by introducing service life cycle and governance Enable better scope for measurement and control EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 11
Apply SOA to and Planning The Challenges in Enterprise Practice How SOA can mitigates EA challenges Modeling EA in a service-oriented manner Service Oriented EA (SOEA) Simplify SOEA modeling via horizontal and vertical partition > domain segmentation and service federation EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 12
EA Practice Challenge: Stakeholder participation Enterprise Lack of Stakeholder Participation, due to Traditional culture Background of people Organization structure Competing priorities Value proposition Lack of clear guidance for collaboration in Target picture Work direction Roles and responsibilities Effective approach and methods EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA SOA Increase Stakeholder participation Easier communication through service-oriented concept Break organization boundaries via common services Reduce cost via shareable and reusable services Paint a Clear Picture for Collaboration by Common service infrastructure Common functional services Clarification of roles and responsibilities regarding to services Self-sufficient service components with manageable scope in organizational level 13
EA Practice Challenge: Modeling Enterprise How to Model big picture Depth and breadth of architecture scope Model matches audience Not to jump into details too quickly and lost big picture Produce meaningful models and conceptual abstraction EA.vs. engineering process EA approaches and methodologies.vs. framework EA uniqueness for each enterprise Insight and vision Skilled architect for conceptual models EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA SOA SOA can simplify big picture description Atomic service components Loosely coupled, not hard-wired Depth and breadth are covered by flexible layered services SOA makes EA envisioning, planning, and modeling easier via Componentized and layered services Loosely coupling Iterative development Matching different skills to different Services in different layers 14
EA Practice Challenge: Usage Enterprise Lack of EA product acceptance due to lack of Stakeholder participation Value proposition The relevance of EA to specific projects Gap analysis Need flexible EA framework that can Connect the EA products and components together Incorporate changes along the way Be flexible EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA SOA SOA increase EA products acceptance by Better facilitate stakeholders participation Enable better ROI estimate across full spectrum of SOA benefits in a composite way Help to fill the gaps between EA products and individual project by layered services SOA enables a flexible framework by Componentized services Components loosely coupling Dynamic service plug-in and update 15
EA Practice Challenge: Maintenance and Management Enterprise Challenge in EA lifecycle management and governance Uniqueness and value for each organization Time and resource constraints Effective tools Challenge in Resources EA needs very special skill set The bias from either technical or business perspectives Need artistic ability with vision and insight to present reality via representational models Lack of EA curricula in Universities EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA SOA SOA based lifecycle management and service governance are easier by Incorporating architecture maintenance into service lifecycle Tools are developed rapidly for service lifecycle management and governance SOA can ease the EA resource pain by Matching skills to manageable service scopes and layers Ease the increasing demands for breadth in architecture competencies 16
Service Oriented Enterprise Model Reference (FEA) Performance Reference Model (PRM) Business Reference Model (BRM) Service Component Reference Model (SRM) Data Reference Model (DRM) Technical Reference Model (TRM) EA for an Enterprise Performance Model Business Application /System Data Technical Service Oriented EA Service Performance Model Business Service Service Component Data Service Technical Service EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 17
Service Segmentation and Federation Enterprise & Service Domain for Entire Enterprise Shared Services Across Agencies Federated Service Domain (Core) Organizational Domain Common Service Domain: Common Services for A and B Organization A Unique Domain Organization B Unique Domain Organization C Unique Domain Organization D Unique Domain One Service Segment across Organizations EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 18
Enterprise Service Portfolio Management Enterprise service portfolio management should be built into strategy and governance The enterprise service portfolio should take input from enterprise architecture Evolve application portfolio management to service portfolio management with services being categorized and being described in layers Manage service portfolio lifecycle: planned services, current services, obsolete services EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 19
Enterprise Service Lifecycle Management ESOA Drivers: Business & IT goals, objectives, & requirements Service Planning & Service Development Service Deployment Service Operation Design Time Run Time Enterprise Service Governance EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 20
Enterprise Service Governance Enterprise Governance Enterprise Service Governance IT Governance Enterprise Governance Governance structure, roles, and responsibility Governance policies Governance processes Governance measurements IT Governance IT governance structure, roles, and responsibility IT governance policies IT governance processes IT governance measurements Enterprise Service Governance Cross enterprise and IT regarding to service planning & architecture, development, deployment and operation EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 21
Establish ROI Understand the full spectrum of SOA Benefits ROI for business agility ROI for asset reuse ROI for Common Infrastructure ROI from reduced development and integration cost ROI from maintenance cost ROI from risk mitigation inputs Assess ROI iteratively and compositely Objectives for each service Cost for each service implementation Direct and indirect returns from the service Additional ROI obtained from reuse guidance Reference Matrix for ROI inputs IT Strategic Planning guidance Performance Measurement EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 22
Service Oriented Enterprise Service Oriented Enterprise Service Oriented Applications/Systems Apply SOA to application and system services Apply SOA to data services Federated Service Infrastructure Service Oriented Infrastructure EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 23
Service Oriented Application * from CBDI Journal EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 24
Composite Application Source: IBM EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 25
Service Oriented Data : Data as a Service Three-tier architecture: User Interface Application SOA with data service: Portal Service Service Composition ESB Service Registry Data Functional Service 1 Data Data Service Functional Service 2 EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 26
Federated Service Infrastructure Service Consumer A Service Consumer B External Event Event Handling Middleware Internal Event Enterprise & Business Service Bus Orchestration & BPM Security Transformation Management Content-based Routing Transport Governance Policy Service Registry & Metadata Repository Service Component A Service Component B Service Component C EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 27
Service Oriented Enterprise Service Oriented Enterprise Service Oriented Applications/Systems Service Oriented Infrastructure The changing roles of IT and IT infrastructure Apply SOA to IT infrastructure -> SOI Service Oriented Infrastructure Framework Integrate SOI Framework with ITIL EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 28
The Changing Role of IT and IT Infrastructure IT in Business Past Operation support Individual project based decision Ad hoc and technology driven implementation Current Involved into business strategies and decisions (the agility of business depends heavily on the flexibility of IT for automation) Have long-term blueprint and big pictures as guidance (strategic plan and EA) IT Infrastructure Past: hardware, software, and network components Current: as a line of business - separate functional areas from infrastructure commodity, - move commonly shared services to infrastructure Enterprise for IT Infrastructure EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 29
Business Evolution Associated with IT Business Online Web access via static web pages Integrated Business Backend IT system integration (interoperation across Systems, e.g. EAI) Business On Demand Flexible IT infrastructure (SOI, IPv6, mobility, virtualization) -Web access with web applications -Online transactions with connections to backend applications Online Presentation Business integration (Business process across organizational stove pipes, SOA) Integration of both business and IT Dynamic and adaptive business processes (EDA, service on demand) Collaborative and dynamic business The Evolution Path Enhanced IT Role in Business EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 30
SOI and SOI Framework SOI is to apply SOA to IT Infrastructure SOI facilitates the implementation and operation of SOAbased applications and shared services SOI Framework Provide reference for IT infrastructure segment enterprise architecture Provide practice reference for SOI Provide IT strategic and tactical plan input regarding to IT infrastructure Provide foundation for IT infrastructure modernization EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 31
Service Oriented Infrastructure Framework Service Planning Service Systems Service Management Service Stakeholders (Strategy, ) Service Oriented Infrastructure (System Design & Implementation) (Deployment & Operation) (Cross All Services) External and Internal drivers Strategies and objectives Economics and business cases Business plan and models LoB Enterprise s Performance measurement model Business processes and services Application services Data services Infrastructure services Servers, storages, networks Data center facilities Security Governance System operation management IT service management (ITIL) IT service lifecycle management Business transformation and change management Contractual management Business decision makers Service providers Service consumers Elected officials and regulatory bodies Industry associations and standards groups EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 32
Service Systems Support Layered Services For example, for the systems to support business collaboration service, its layered service description could be: Business service: enterprise collaboration service Application services: video conferencing service, enterprise messaging service, voice service, web-based collaboration, etc. Infrastructure services: unified communications, server virtualization, security, etc. Physical level services: network, servers, data center, etc. EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 33
Conclusion Following topics are discussed, which provides a reference for how SOA can help Enterprise Practice: EA and SOA background How SOA can help EA via a SOEA model SOEA context and content SOEA practice in enterprise, applications and systems, infrastructure services SOEA management: lifecycle, governance, ROI EAC 2008, Yan Zhao, Ph.D How SOA Can Help EA 34