Brochure for marketing and engineering Effective and safe disinfection with chlorine dioxide þ þ Destruction of biofilm > eliminates breeding space for legionella þ þ Disinfection independent of ph value No THM or chloramine formation > reduction in taste and odour of chlorine Multiple fields of application
Chlorine dioxide Disinfection with chlorine dioxide Decades of experience and research have revealed, that many disinfection tasks can be accomplished much better with the addition of chlorine dioxide. ALLDOS offers solutions for effective and safe disinfection: the Oxiperm chlorine dioxide generation systems. The easy-to-operate Oxiperm systems are suitable for almost all water treatment applications requiring disinfection: Drinking water treatment Industrial waste and process water Cooling water and waste water In sectors such as the food & beverage industry, where taste & smell of the disinfectant need to be minimized, more & more users are switching over to chlorine dioxide disinfection. Even in CIP (Cleaning In Place) applications, the demand for chlorine dioxide generation systems is growing. Advantages of chlorine dioxide The disinfection effect of chlorine dioxide is significantly better than e.g. of chlorine in the same concentration. Selective effect: no formation of toxic chloramines and haloforms (THM) > no bad smell or taste. Disinfection effect of chlorine dioxide compared to chlorine High redox potential and thus very strong disinfection (oxidation) effect. Compared to other biocides, chlorine dioxide has a considerably stronger disinfection effect to pathogens including viruses, bacteria, spores & algae. Higher oxidation potential than chlorine. Long residence time: even chlorine-resistent germs, such as legionella, are destroyed safely and completely by chlorine dioxide. Disinfection independent from the ph value > ideal for disinfection of high alkaline ph water. Elimination of biofilm in pipes: deprives bacteria (legionella) of their nutrients. Chlorine dioxide gives legionella no chance Problems of other disinfection methods: Recontamination of treated water primarily at high temperatures. Targeting legionella Excellent conditions for the increase of pathogens at temperatures of C to C and a ph value of.. At 0 C to C one population can double within a few hours. Most other chemical disinfectants including chemical-free methods do not biofilm! Optimum solution with ALLDOS chlorine dioxide systems: The continuous addition of chlorine dioxide provides extremely effective disinfection. Chlorine dioxide reduces the formation of & strips biofilm so that legionella cannot settle. Thermal destruction of legionella is unnecessary. Mobile or stationary Oxiperm systems produce chlorine dioxide on site. Oxiperm systems offer maximum process reliability and safety. Chlorine dioxide preparation Equation of the acid / chlorite reaction: with diluted or concentrated chemicals NaCIO : diluted: 7. % by weight HCI diluted:.0 % by weight Acid / chlorite method concentrated:. % by weight concentrated:.0 % by weight Equation of the chlorine gas / chlorite reaction: with concentrated sodium chlorite solution NaCIO. % by weight Page NaCIO + HCI > CIO + NaCI + HO Chlorine gas / chlorite method NaCIO + CI -> CIO + NaCI
Chlorine dioxide Comparing chlorine dioxide to other disinfectants Chlorine gas Problem Chlorine gas Advantage of chlorine dioxide Formation of AOX / THM: Formation of chloramines: Dependency on ph-value: Safety risks: Problems with certain pathogens: Redox potential (oxidation performance): Yes: possible carcinogenic properties irritation of the mucous membranes Yes: significant reduction of the disinfection effect bad taste and bad smell Yes: significant reduction of the disinfection effect High standards in handling and storing chlorine gas Problems with chlorine resistant pathogens Relatively small redox potential No formation of AOX / THM: no carcinogenic properties no irritation of the mucous membranes No formation of chloramines constant disinfection capacity no bad taste and bad smell Disinfection independent from the ph value large field of applications in the treatment of drinking and industrial water With Oxiperm (acid method) chlorine gas storage handling eliminated Effective even against chlorine resistant pathogens even spore-forming chlorine resistant pathogens are reliably deactivated or killed Higher redox potential better oxidation performance with similar process conditions Organic biocides Benzyl ammonium chlorides, bromo-/nitro-propane-alcohols or -amides, formalin (formaldehyde) Problem Biocides Advantage of chlorine dioxide Restricted field of applications: Resistances: Ozone The use of organic biocides is restricted: impossible in drinking water treatment or similar fields of application Resistances appear, whenever the same organic biocides are used repeatedly reduction of the disinfection effect an increasing concentration of biocides has to be used to obtain the same disinfection effect Large field of applications: disinfection of drinking water, waste water, process water, cooling water and industrial water No resistances constant disinfection effect Problem Ozone Advantage of chlorine dioxide The disinfectant has to be eliminated afterwards Influence on organic matters in water and in pipework: Installation costs: Ultraviolet light Ozone has to be completely eliminated in most cases additional activated carbon filters are needed Radical influence on organic components: non biodegradable substances can be transformed into bacteriologically disposable matters (nutrients for bacteria after ozonization) High installation costs extensive installations with cooling unit, oxygen method: preparation/production of pure oxygen with a downstream activated carbon filter high and costly amount of maintenance Elimination of ClO is not necessary: chlorine dioxide has an excellent repository effect for sustainable disinfection Reduces biofilm in pipework and prevents the formation of new biofilm: bacteria, especially legionella are deprived of their nutrients Oxiperm : comparatively low installation costs well-priced, durable components low amount of maintenance required Problem UV Advantage of chlorine dioxide Problems caused by residua of disinfectants: Dependency of the disinfection effect: Maintenance costs: Only local disinfection secondary disinfection post UV treatment is necessary to provide a residual In case of non-controlled UV systems: disinfection effect depending on the flow parameters the intensity of radiation depends on the flow (degree of turbulence) and the water quality (humic substances, general turbidity and turbidity in secondary precipitation in case of Fe, Mn UV causes oxidation) Relatively high maintenance costs of UV systems annual exchange of the UV lamps is necessary every three to five years the quartz sleeves of the lamps have to be exchanged depending on the water quality Sustainable disinfection effect Sustainable disinfection effect pathogens are definitely killed biofilm in pipework is eliminated Oxiperm : comparatively low maintenance costs well-priced, durable components low amount of maintenance required Page
Oxiperm chlorine dioxide generation systems Oxiperm : safe chlorine dioxide production on site DVGW compliant and DEGUSSA tested process engineering Maximum dosing precision and optimized chemical conversion of up to 8%. Oxiperm acid / sodium chlorite method ( / ): D for diluted chemicals D = Diluted C for concentrated chemicals C = Concentrated Oxiperm D.000 g/h Oxiperm C 0.00 g/h Oxiperm C.000 0.000 g/h Mobile systems D for diluted chemicals on request. Compact installation with Oxiperm D. In batch operation with integrated chlorine dioxide storage tank and separate collecting trays for the chemicals. Ready for connection with dosing pump and hose connection. Oxiperm chlorine gas/sodium chlorite method (Cl / ): With min. and max. limit contacts Mobile system on a solid steel frame for 0 g/h Mobile system on a solid steel frame for 0 0 g/h Oxiperm 70 0.000 g/h Page
Oxiperm chlorine dioxide generation systems Oxiperm D for diluted chemicals Systems for continuous operation (continuous water flow) Oxiperm D -000 g/h with solenoid valve Oxiperm D -000 g/h with internal bypass pump 7 7 8 0 0 Legend Systems for batch operation Oxiperm D 0 g/h internal dilution tank (at the back of the system) 0 ClO Oxiperm D 0 000 g/h external dilution tank 0 Oxiperm D electronics Connection for bypass water input Connection for the ClO solution line output to the injection unit Suction line for the dosing pump Suction line for the dosing pump Shut-off valve (supplied by customer) 7 Sample extraction (by customer) 8 Check valve (by customer) for operation with an internal bypass pump Shut-off valve for bypass water extraction (supplied by customer) 0 Exhaust system for supporting rack (option) (not for front installation systems) Dilution tank with level monitoring (option) for batch operation Pressure loading valves (by customer) for system backpressure < bar Inductive flowmeter -0 ma or contact water meter for proportional control of the system Note: For protection of the drinking water supply the customer has to provide a pipe disconnector (to DVGW, W). Technical data Type CIO generation capacity [g/h] HCI % by w. 7.% by w. Consumption of components [l/h] Versions batch operation Continuous operation Batch operation continuous operation * adjustment of the ClO concentration in the dilution tank to: Solenoid valve Internal bypass pump External bypass pump Front installation External dilution tank Internal dilution tank 0. g/l * g/l * g/l * -00D 0. 0..8 þ þ þ þ þ request -00D 0 0. 0.8.. þ þ þ þ þ request 0. - g/l * -. g/l * -00D 0 0.7 0-7.7 þ þ þ þ þ request -0D 0. 0 - þ þ þ þ þ request -0D 0. 0 00 00 - þ þ þ þ þ request -0D 0 8. 0 0 0-8 þ þ þ þ -700D 700. 00 0 0-7 þ þ þ request -000D 000 00 0 0-8 þ þ þ request -00D 00 00 80 80-8 þ þ þ request -000D 000 8 00 00 00-7 þ þ þ request Mobile systems Page
0 Oxiperm chlorine dioxide generation systems Oxiperm C for concentrated chemicals, 0 to 00 g/h Systems for continuous operation (continuous water flow) Oxiperm C with solenoid valve Oxiperm C with internal bypass pump 7 7 8 0 0 Legend Oxiperm D electronics Connection for bypass water input Connection for the ClO solution line output to the injection unit NaClO HO Systems for batch operation Oxiperm C for batch operation (external dilution tank) H O Suction line for the dosing pump Suction line for the dosing pump Shut-off valve (supplied by customer) 7 Sample extraction (by customer) 8 Check valve (by customer) for operation with an internal bypass pump Shut-off valve for bypass water extraction (supplied by customer) 0 Exhaust system for supporting rack (option) 0 Dilution tank with level monitoring (option) for batch operation Pressure loading valves (by customer) for system backpressure < bar Inductive flowmeter -0 ma or contact water meter for proportional control of the system ClO NaClO HO Note: For protection of the drinking water supply the customer has to provide a pipe disconnector (to DVGW, W). Technical data Type CIO generation capacity [g/h] HCI % by w..% by w. Consumption of components [l/h] dilution continuous operation batch operation * adjustment of the ClO concentration in the dilution tank to: Solenoid valve Continuous operation Internal bypass pump External bypass pump Versions Batch operation External dilution tank Internal dilution tank Mobile systems 0. - g/l * -. g/l * -00C 0.0. 0 70 70- þ þ þ þ -0C 0.8 0 00 00- þ þ þ þ -70C 70.8 7 00 0 0- þ þ þ request -00C 00 8. 00 0 0- þ þ þ request -00C 00.0 0 00 0 0-0 þ þ þ request Page
Oxiperm chlorine dioxide generation systems Oxiperm C for concentrated chemicals, 000 to0,000 g/h System for batch operation with internal dilution tank Front view 0 Legend supply (bypass and dilution) Connection for Connection for Connection for ClO extraction Outlet exhaust injector for dilution tank Top view 7 8 Overflow device for dilution tank, customer provides the pipework to a neutralization system 7 ClO dilution tank 8 preparation tank for the dilution of ClO reactor 0 Flow of H O for the dilution of Flow of Flow of Flow of H O, bypass water Technical data Type CIO - generation capacity [g/h] HCI % by w..% by w. Consumption of components [l/h] bypass dilution exhaust injector (in the dilution tank) total Versions Batch operation * adjustment of the ClO concentration in the dilution tank to: * adjustment of the ClO concentration in the dilution tank to: - g/l - g/l External dilution tank Internal dilution tank Mobile systems -000C 000 80-0 0 00 00-0 þ -000C 000 7 70-70 00 00-8 þ -700C 700 00-0 00 000-7 þ -0000C 0000 0-80 00 8000- þ Page 7
Oxiperm chlorine dioxide generation systems Oxiperm, 70 to 0,000 g/h System for batch operation with internal dilution tank................ 7. 8. Dosing system for. Connection for. Calibration vessel. Suction device. Piston diaphragm dosing pump with deaeration valve. Pulsation damper with manometer. Flow meter with limit switch for. Dosing system for chlorine gas. Cl vacuum connection (of the vacuum regulator). Flow meter with limit switch for Cl. Cl adjusting valve. Differential pressure regulator for Cl. Injector for Cl. (Operating) water supply. supply (bypass and dilution). supply for the exhaust injector. supply for injector and post-dilution device. Flow meter with limit switch for injector operating water. Flow meter with limit switch for post-dilution. flow adjusting valves. Control panel for PLC, operating unit with LC display. ClO reactor. ClO batch tank with level sensor Min., Max., dry run and overflow 7. Absorption filter 8. Outlet suction injector for the batch tank. ClO discharge connection Technical data Type ClO generation capacity [kg/h] Chlorine gas.% by weight [l/h] Consumption of components [l/h] chlorine injector [l/h] dilution [l/h] exhaust injector [kg/h] -007G 70 0.. 0 0 700 0-0G 00.0 7. 80 00 00 80-0G 00. 70 0 00 00-00G 000. 0 80 00 70-07G 700. 00 000 00 800-00G 0000. 8 00 00 00 700 [l/h] total Page 8
Operating modes of Oxiperm systems Continuous operation Without measurement and control Control with a contact water meter Control with a magnetic inductive flow meter (IDM) NOTE: The contact water meter has to be designed in a way that the number of input pulses for the Oxiperm control is between - pulses/sec. supply Contact water meter supply IDM 0 () - 0 ma Min. contact water sensor Min. contact water sensor Bypass water Bypass water With measurement and control of the chlorine dioxide concentration (see page ) NOTE: Sample water recirculation on request. Control by excess regulation measurement and control of the chlorine dioxide concentration with Conex Multi Compact or Conex Ultra Compact Compound-loop control measurement and control of the chlorine dioxide concentration with Conex Dosipos Compact measurement of the water flow with an IDM supply IDM 0 () - 0 ma supply..0ma Min. contact water sensor..0 ma Min. contact water sensor..0 ma Compact measurement & control system Bypass water Compact measurement & control system Conex Dosipos Compact Bypass water Page
Operating modes of Oxiperm systems Batch operation with a ClO solution tank In batch operation the generated ClO is continuously filled into a solution tank (batch tank). The ClO concentration of the solution can be adjusted between 0. and. g/l. Adjustment of the ClO concentration in the tank between and. g/l: the system operates at 00% of the indicated max. capacity > e.g. Oxiperm -000D à 00% capacity = 000 g/h Adjustment of the ClO concentration in the tank below g/l down to 0. g/l: If the bypass water flow is set to constant, the dosing quantity of the chemicals ( / ) is regulated. The system therefore reduces its capacity in proportion to the decreasing ClO concentration. If the min. contact (LSL) is reached, the Oxiperm system starts operating. If the max. contact (LSH) is reached, the chlorine dioxide production is stopped. When is a batch system appropriate? In case there is more than one injection point. In case of standstill periods of more than hours. When is a batch system necessary? If the injection pressure is more than 7 to bars (depending on the size of the system) a solution tank with an additional external dosing pump is necessary. System with batch unit, two dosing lines with excess regulation supply line ClO measurement supply line ClO measurement Bypass water Pump Pump LSHH LSH LSL LSLL Manual operation All systems with or without a batch unit can also be operated manually. In manual operation, regulation by a contact water meter, IDM, excess regulation or level control is not possible. Setting / function: Set the Oxiperm system to a capacity between 0 and 00%. In case of manual operation of a batch system: The Oxiperm system fills the solution tank and shuts down after reaching the max. level (LSH). For a new filling, the system has to be restarted manually. Page 0
Layout (selection) of the size Basic equation for the calculation of the size of an Oxiperm system Main water volume flow [m³/h] x ClO concentration [ppm = mg/l] = Oxiperm [g/h] An example for drinking water, regardless of the water quality Maximum injection concentration according to TVO (German Drinking Ordinance) = 0. ppm [mg/l] à calculation basis for the ClO concentration: 0. ppm Main water volume flow = 00 m /h ClO concentration = 0. ppm 00 [m³/h] x 0. [ppm] = 00 [g/h] à selection: Oxiperm -0D With regard to the water quality (chlorine dioxide consuming water contents) Chlorine dioxide consuming water contents have to be reduced: Manganese and iron à the concentration of manganese and iron must be reduced Organic matters, such as phenols TOC content (TOC: Total Organic Carbon) Procedure: In all three points at least minutes of retention / reaction time have to be kept. e.g. a two-chamber intermediate tank or an open reservoir with downstream filter (precipitation of iron and manganese). NOTE: The consumption of chlorine dioxide depends on the temperature, the ph-value and the water composition. Page
Measurement and control for disinfection with chlorine dioxide Measurement of chlorine dioxide / measurement and control of the redox potential All ALLDOS measurement and control systems can be used for the limited purpose of measurement but also for measurement and control purposes. Parameters are the chlorine dioxide concentration and/or the redox potential. Chlorine dioxide measurement with Conex Multi or Conex Multi Compact Conex Multi either measures and controls the chlorine dioxide concentration or measures the redox potential. Order Nr. Version Technical data 0-00 Conex Multi for wall mounting protection IP 0-0 Conex Multi for control panel mounting - Conex Multi Compact Compact measuring system with pressure-proof measuring cell AquaCell -0 (electric electrode cleaning motor) Conex Multi 0-00 for wall mounting potentiostatic method with temperature compensation PID controllers limit switch max. cable length (distance to the sensors): m for 0-00, 00 m for 0-0 0 V (0/0 Hz) more detailed description à please see Pl Hi-tech chlorine dioxide measurement with Conex Dosipos or Conex Dosipos Compact Selective measurement, even in the presence of chlorine Measures and controls the chlorine dioxide concentration and can simultaneously measure the redox potential Measures and controls the chlorine dioxide concentration and can simultaneously analyze the redox potential and the IDM signal (as disturbance variable) (compound-loop control) Order Nr. Version Technical data -00 Conex Dosipos for wall mounting with compound-loop control -0 Conex Dosipos for control panel mounting - Conex Dosipos Compact Compact measuring system with pressure-proof measuring cell AquaCell -0 (electric electrode cleaning motor) Conex Dosipos -00 for wall mounting protection IP potentiostatic method with temperature compensation PID controllers limit switch max. cable length (distance to the sensors): m for 0-00, 00 m for 0-0 0 V (0/0 Hz) more detailed description à please see Pl Low-budget chlorine dioxide measurement with Conex Ultra or Conex Ultra Compact Not selective measurement Measures and controls the chlorine dioxide concentration Order Nr. Version Technical data -000 Conex Ultra (Des) for wall mounting protection IP - Conex Ultra (Des) Compact Compact measuring system with pressure-proof measuring cell AquaCell -0 (electric electrode cleaning motor) Conex Ultra (Des) -000 potentiostatic method PI controller limit switch max. cable length (distance to the sensors): m 0 V (0/0 Hz), option V DC more detailed description à please see Pl Presented by: 00 by ALLDOS Eichler GmbH Subject to change!.800 V0.0