Map of North and South America

PASS Social Studies Grade 7 Test 1 Map of North and South America (drawn around the year 1700) SC07SS070101 1. Judging from the above map, it is clear that Europeans in the year 1700 knew the least about which area of the American continent? A the general shape of South America B the Western part of North America C the oceans that surrounded the American continents D the Eastern coastline of North America PASS Social Studies Test 1 Grade 7 Page 1 of 15

SC07SS070101 2. According to the map, English citizens who disagreed with the Church of England often escaped to the New World and settled in which of the following areas? A the Western part of South America B the Eastern part of North America C the Western part of North America D the Eastern part of South America SC07SS070101 3. Which of the following best explains the chief motivations that prompted the Spanish Conquistadors to claim so much of South America by the year 1700? A they wanted to escape persecution and find religious freedom B they wanted to act as missionaries and convert the Natives to Catholicism C they wanted to find a place to hold the growing population in Spain D they wanted to expand the Spanish Empire and possibly find a fortune SC07SS070101 4. By the late 18th century, most of the area on a world map was under the political control of which of the following? A Communist governments B a small number of European nations C the United States of America D the world's five wealthiest individuals PASS Social Studies Test 1 Grade 7 Page 2 of 15

SC07SS070101 5. Which of the following is the most accurate list of the major European countries involved in exploration and expansion during the 17th and 18th centuries? A Spain, Portugal, Greece, Italy, Netherlands B Spain, England, France, Sweden, Greece C Germany, Portugal, France, Italy, England D Spain, Portugal, England, France, Netherlands SC07SS070102 6. Traditional warfare had been changed by the 16th century as a result of which innovation that made cannons like the one above so effective? A the invention of steel B the invention of gunpowder C the invention of the wheel D the invention of the flint match SC07SS070102 7. Shown above is a cannon used by European nations to expand their empires in the late 16th century. Which of the following best explains why this weapon was so effective against the Natives on other continents? A the Natives did not realize that the weapon was meant to harm them B the Natives were pacifists and refused to defend themselves C the Natives believed that they could not be hurt by the weapon D the Natives did not have the technology to match the weapon PASS Social Studies Test 1 Grade 7 Page 3 of 15

SC07SS070102 8. During the 17th and 18th centuries, the tools shown above were used for which purpose? A construction B navigation C agriculture D warfare SC07SS070102 9. Aside from military strength, which of the following played the largest role in helping the Spanish settle such a large portion of South America? A the rapid spread of disease among the Natives B the inferiority of other European governments C the Spanish desire to help all European countries succeed D the Spanish doctrine of religious freedom SC07SS070103 10. During the 18th century, which of the following terms would best fit the definition shown above? A barter system B colonialism C imperialism D mercantilism PASS Social Studies Test 1 Grade 7 Page 4 of 15

SC07SS070103 11. During the 18th century, European nations believed strongly in the statement shown above. These nations tried to grow their economies by forcing their colonies to do which of the following? A provide the nation with raw materials to make finished products B make finished products from raw materials sent to the colony C boycott any product that was not made within the colony D purchase goods from other nations so that nobody else could buy them SC07SS070104 12. "A free market allows an economy to thrive." The above quotation best describes the theory of which economic system that emerged in 17th century Europe? A Capitalism B Socialism C Federalism D Communism SC07SS070103 13. What was the guiding principle behind mercantilism? A merchants have all the rights to do as they wish in trading B more government control and regulation of trade to keep it balanced C no government control in trading issues D less government control and regulation of trade to keep it balanced SC07SS070103 14. European nations were provided which of the following by the colonies they settled? A inexpensive land for construction and cheap labor from the Natives B inexpensive raw materials and an inexpensive outlet for shipping C inexpensive raw materials and a market for finished products D new sources of manufactured goods and expanded trade with Natives PASS Social Studies Test 1 Grade 7 Page 5 of 15

SC07SS070103 15. How did Europeans control the new trading with the colonies? they discouraged colonies from manufacturing goods by not allowing them to be A exported they placed tariffs on all goods and forced colonies to trade only with the home B nation C they lifted tariffs on all goods to allow colonies to increase profits through trade they forced colonies to manufacture goods and sell them cheaply to the mother D country SC07SS070104 16. Which of the following gives four factors responsible for the rise and creation of the economic system of capitalism? A * 1) mercantilism 2) the rise of the middle class 3) international trade 4) the development of a market economy B 1) mercantilism 2) the disappearance of the middle class 3) international trade 4) the development of a market economy C 1) mercantilism 2) the disappearance of the middle class 3) international trade 4) the development of a barter economy D 1) mercantilism 2) the rise of the middle class 3) international trade 4) the development of a barter economy PASS Social Studies Test 1 Grade 7 Page 6 of 15

SC07SS070104 17. Which of the following gives the best definition for capitalism? A B C D an economic system centered on people making a profit through individual ownership and production an economic system centered on people making a profit through tight government control an economic system centered on people earning equal pay through tight government control an economic system centered on people earning equal pay through the teamwork of free citizens SC07SS070104 18. Which of following is the most essential element of capitalism? A a working constitution B strong government regulation C an agricultural economy D defined property rights PASS Social Studies Test 1 Grade 7 Page 7 of 15

SC07SS070105 19. During the 18th century, which of the following areas would be the most likely place in colonial America to find the owner of a large indigo plantation? A in the Middle Colonies B in the Southern Colonies C in the New England Colonies D plantations did not exist in the American colonies PASS Social Studies Test 1 Grade 7 Page 8 of 15

SC07SS070105 20. Review the map above. This map is showing the routes of the African slave trade during what time frame? A the late 1500s B the early 1700s C the late 1800s D the early 1900s SC07SS070105 21. According to the map, the term "Slave Coast" is describing which of the following? A the coast of North Africa B the Eastern coast of South America C the coast of West Africa D the Eastern coast of North America SC07SS070105 22. The map above shows that a great deal of the African slaves were shipped to the New World. This was largely a result of which of the following? A the large amounts of gold and ivory in Africa B the dangers of the "Middle Passage" C the thriving industrial markets in Europe D the rising plantation system in the Americas PASS Social Studies Test 1 Grade 7 Page 9 of 15

SC07SS070105 23. The above map is showing that a major reason for colonizing Asia during 18th century revolved around which of the following? A religion B politics C economics D military SC07SS070105 24. On the above map, there are arrows labeled Coffee, Silk, Porcelain, Spices, and Tea. What do these arrows represent? A goods that were found in Asia and taken back to Europe B goods that were found in Europe and taken to Asia C goods that were found in the New World and taken to Europe D goods that were found in Asia and taken to the New World PASS Social Studies Test 1 Grade 7 Page 10 of 15

SC07SS070105 25. Definition: a region politically controlled by a distant country Which of the following terms is being described by the definition shown above? A a kingdom B a nation-state C a colony D an ally SC07SS070105 26. In the 17th and 18th centuries, European trade with Asia can best be described as which of the following? A beneficial to the European nations, but not to the Asian colonies B beneficial to the Asian colonies, but not to the European nations C mutually beneficial between two primarily "equal" areas D dangerous and unstable for all nations involved SC07SS070201 27. As the ruler of France for well over 50 years, King Louis XIV became a clear example of which of the following? A a powerless figurehead B a democratic leader C an absolute monarch D a constitutional ruler PASS Social Studies Test 1 Grade 7 Page 11 of 15

SC07SS070201 28. French King Louis XIV made which of the following statements when describing his role in government? A "A government should be for the people and by the people." B "I am the State." C "The best government is no government at all." D "Down with the King!" SC07SS070201 29. "...a government of the people, by the people, and for the people." The quotation above best describes which type of government? A a Totalitarian Government B an Absolute Monarchy C a Democratic Government D an Unlimited Government SC07SS070201 30. Which of the following was the final result of the Glorious Revolution that took place in England in 1688? A the American colonies became free of English control B the English Monarch was given absolute control of the nation C England became a Catholic nation instead of a Protestant one D English Parliament overthrew the King of England PASS Social Studies Test 1 Grade 7 Page 12 of 15

SC07SS070201 31. Which of the following gives the best descriptions for a limited and unlimited government? A B C D Limited Government = restraints on government, more individual rights and participation Unlimited Government = no restraints on government actions, citizens are totally obedient to government Limited Government = citizens participate, but government still controls all Unlimited Government = citizens participate, and government controls nothing Limited Government = no restraints to government, citizens obedient to all government Unlimited Government = restraints on government, more individual rights and participation Limited Government = restraints on government, no voting by people Unlimited Government = restraints on government, and people can vote SC07SS070201 32. Which ruling style enables a leader to believe that he is acting under "Divine Right," with his power coming directly from God? A a Democracy B a Monarchy C a Limited Government D a Republic PASS Social Studies Test 1 Grade 7 Page 13 of 15

SC07SS070202 33. Shown above is a famous saying attributed to Galileo. This quotation reflects the conflict that defined which period in history? A the Progressive Era B the Scientific Revolution C the Age of Exploration D the Dark Ages SC07SS070202 34. In the quotation shown above, Galileo Galilei was addressing his critics who believed that his scientific theories were doing which of the following? A based only religious beliefs and not scientific observation B angering the members of the scientific community C weakening the power of the Church D giving the Church too much power over the people SC07SS070202 35. Definition: the systematic pursuit of knowledge through observation and experimentation The definition shown above is describing which term that helped transform the intellectual world in the 16th and 17th centuries? A Scientific Method B Pursuit of Happiness C Proportional Response D Blind Faith PASS Social Studies Test 1 Grade 7 Page 14 of 15

SC07SS070203 36. The men pictured above helped shape the Age of Enlightenment by serving in what role during the late 17th and early 18th centuries? A government officials B military generals C political philosophers D business tycoons SC07SS070203 37. During the Age of Enlightenment, men like the ones pictured above argued that which of the following was needed for a government to be fair and effective? A a national religion B a powerful military C an absolute monarch D a balance of powers SC07SS070203 38. Which of the following terms best describes the philosophies that defined the Age of Enlightenment during the early 1700s? A reason and rationalism B religion and spiritualism C magic and mysticism D randomness and impulsiveness PASS Social Studies Test 1 Grade 7 Page 15 of 15