Florida Water Environment Association Utility Council (FWEAUC) The FWEAUC provides a forum in which utility council members from around the State discuss and fully vet important issues facing our industry and take an active role in the adoption and implementation of effective wastewater legislation and regulations at the Federal, State, and regional levels.
FWEA Utility Council Members CarolloBlueTemplateW WithLogo.pptx AECOM Arcadis Bay County Utility Services Broward County Carollo Engineers City of Altamonte Springs City of Atlantic Beach City of Boca Raton City of Casselberry City of Clearwater City of Cocoa Beach City of Fort Lauderdale City of Fort Walton City of Gulf Breeze City of Hollywood City of Largo City of Margate City of Mount Dora City of Ocala City of Orlando City of Palm Coast City of Panama City City of Panama City Beach City of Sarasota City of St. Cloud City of Tallahassee City of Tampa City of Vero Beach City of West Palm Beach Clay County Utility Authority CPH, Inc. Destin Water Users Inc. Emerald Coast Utilities Authority Fort Pierce Utilities Authority Gainesville Regional Utilities Greeley and Hansen Hazen and Sawyer HDR Engineering, Inc. Hernando County Utilities Hillsborough County Utilities JEA Jones Edmunds & Associates Lee County Utilities Marion County Martin County Utilities Miami-Dade Water & Sewer Morrison Environmental Law MWH Global Okaloosa County Utilities Orange County Utilities Orlando Utilities Commission Pace Water System, Inc. Palm Beach County Water Utilities Parsons Brinckerhoff Pinellas County Utilities Polk County Polston Applied Technologies Premier Magnesia, LLC Reedy Creek Improvement District Utilities Reiss Engineering Santa Rosa County Seminole County South Central Regional Wastewater System South Walton Utilities, Inc. Tetra Tech Inc. Toho Water Authority 2
CarolloBlueTemplateW WithLogo.pptx FWEAUC Past Participation The FWEAUC has participated in numerous efforts to develop state and regional policies regarding the use, treatment and regulation of reclaimed water. Reclaimed Water Workgroup: Jan. 2009 Dec. 2012 Issued final report Purple Paper in May 2012 HB 639 (2012) Clarified that reclaimed water is not a source to be regulated by the state through consumptive use permitting. Included Workgroup recommendations to incentivize the use of reclaimed water through the use of impact offsets and substitution credits. 3
CarolloBlueTemplateW WithLogo.pptx FWEAUC Continued Participation December 2015 FDEP report Result of the SB 536(2014) study to determine the best ways to expand the use of reclaimed water, stormwater and excess surface waters. The FWEAUC agrees with many of the report s proposals, such as recommendations to: facilitate reclaimed water aquifer storage and recovery, remove unnecessary barriers to supplementing reclaimed water with stormwater, and repeal outdated and non scientific restrictions on the use of reclaimed water to spray irrigate certain crops. 4
FWEAUC Current Participation To facilitate the Reclaimed Water Stakeholder s discussion the FWEA Utility Council has prepared an analysis of: How local community and geographic factors influence reclaimed water use practices. How a utility does not recover full costs thru reclaimed water sales As a result, the FWEA Utility Council is also proposing several recommendations. CarolloBlueTemplateW WithLogo.pptx 5
CarolloBlueTemplateW WithLogo.pptx Reuse Opportunities Reuse of Reclaimed Water Offset use of groundwater & other limited sources Irrigation Cooling Potable Other uses Groundwater recharge Environmental restoration Saltwater intrusion barrier Surface water augmentation Potable reuse 6
Current Reuse in Florida 7 CarolloBlueTemplateWithLogo.pptx
CarolloBlueTemplateW WithLogo.pptx Reuse Opportunities and Costs are Situation Specific Feasibility of reuse opportunities vary for each utility. Reuse opportunities are affected by: Proximity of reclaimed water use to supply Amount of benefit (i.e. potable offset, recharge, etc.) Seasonality/variability in supply & demand Water quality needed by user Regulatory constraints t Statewide Local 8
Reuse Opportunities and Costs are Situation Specific Opportunities and costs for industrial, wetland and environmental restoration, and agricultural use are very case-specific Agricultural use also affected by: Crop rotation Regulatory limitations on reclaimed water use for food crops Public perception CarolloBlueTemplateW WithLogo.pptx 9
Overarching Economic Considerations Utility does not recover full costs thru reclaimed water sales. Ratepayers should retain benefits of local utility reclaimed water investments (i.e. meeting CUP requirements, potable offset, etc.) End users may have choice to use groundwater at little or no cost Potential end users often claim Economic Infeasibility CarolloBlueTemplateW WithLogo.pptx 10
Factors Affecting Landscape Irrigation Costs CarolloBlueTemplateW WithLogo.pptx *The following slides use planning level cost estimates to provide reclaimed water to bulk customers such as golf courses or retail customers such as single family homes. For the purposes of developing these scenarios it is assumed the total available reclaimed water supply is 2 million gallons per day. 11
End User Type, New Development vs. Retrofit, and Consumption Factors $60 Capital $/ /gal/day Delivered $50 $40 $30 $20 $10 $7 $12 $18 $25 $49 $ Bulk/Golf Course High Demand Residential Low Demand Residential (12,000 gal/mo) (3,000 gal/mo) New Development Retrofit
Supply and Demand Variations 140% 120% Reclaimed Water Supplies Supply/ /Demand 100% 80% 60% Seasonal Excess Water Seasonal Excess Water 40% 20% 0% Limited Customer Base to match existing supplies Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Supply and Demand Variations 140% 120% Monthly demands greater than available supplies must be met using storage or supplemental water. Reclaimed Water Supplies 100% Seasonal Excess Water Seasonal Excess Water Supply/Dem mand 80% 60% Expanded Customer 40% Base results in increased overall reclaimed water 20% Limited Customer Base use to match existing supplies 0% Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
CarolloBlueTemplateW WithLogo.pptx Supply & Demand Variation Challenges Reliable delivery of reclaimed water to customers is critical Supplementation Requires effluent disposal when supplies exceed demands Requires a reliable alternate water supply during the driest times of the year Regulatory hurdles regarding use of alternative water supplies Currently used in Altamonte Springs, Cape Coral and several other utilities Storage 100% reuse requires ~120 days of storage (2mgd system = 240 million gallons of storage) ASR may provide a cost effective storage option allowing greater utilization of reclaimed water as well as other alternative water supplies. 15
Factors Affecting Aquifer Recharge Opportunities WithLogo.pptx CarolloBlueTemplateW 16
Aquifer Recharge is Dependent on Geology. Upper Floridan Aquifer
Aquifer Recharge Case Study $35 gal/day Delivered Capital $/ $30 $25 $20 $15 $10 RIBs Direct Injection, Brackish Direct Injection, Fresh Aquifer Water Aquifer *Adapted from - MWH, Feasibility of Using Reclaimed Water for Aquifer Recharge in the Tampa Bay Area, Task 4.0 Final Summary Report, 3/31/2009
Factors Affecting Potable Reuse Opportunities WithLogo.pptx CarolloBlueTemplateW 19
Potable Reuse Potable reuse can be cost effective Successful implementation in California & Texas No cost comparison at this time for Florida Further development needed in Florida Factors affecting cost and feasibility Regulations including required treatment Level of treatment Concentrate disposal Public education CarolloBlueTemplateW WithLogo.pptx 20
Potable Reuse Project Costs in Texas & California al $/ GPD Capit $18.00 $16.00 $14.00 $12.00 $10.00 $8.00 $6.00 $4.00 $2.00 $ $16.40 $9.86 $6.50 $11.82 $12.46 Dripping Laguna Madre Big Spring DPR 2012 ENCINA 2012 ENCINA Springs Texas Texas WASTEWATER WASTEWATER Texas AUTHORITY DPR AUTHORITY IPR California
In Summary Florida is the national reuse leader Geographic, geologic, & community factors influence new reuse opportunities Utilities do not make money on reclaimed water Expanded reuse of reclaimed water could be facilitated t by: State & regional funding Modest policy changes CarolloBlueTemplateW WithLogo.pptx 22
F Funding Recommendations Establish equitable and recurring funding for reclaimed water projects including storage and supplementation. Alternative Water Supply Funding from FY 05-09 09 $985 Million (22% of total construction costs) 444 AWS projects constructed from FY 05-15 @ $4.5 Billion Resulted in 807 MGD WithLogo.pptx CarolloBlueTemplateW 23
I Incentives Recommendations Expand Existing Offset and Credit Policies CUPs using an impact offset or substitution credit should be considered in the public interest. Identify eligible practices, such as use of reclaimed water for surface water flow augmentation, salt water intrusion prevention and mitigation, and aquifer recharge. Address circumstances where the creation of supply precedes demandsd CarolloBlueTemplateW WithLogo.pptx 24
CarolloBlueTemplateW WithLogo.pptx R Regulatory Recommendations Establish a presumption of economic feasibility for reclaimed use in reuse service areas. Prioritize reclaimed water use over other alternative sources in reuse service areas. Limit new lawn and landscape wells when reclaimed water is available and feasible. Update rules governing supplementation of reclaimed water with surface or storm water to address unduly burdensome heightened disinfection requirements. Regulatory audit of technical requirements in FDEP rules (examples: setback requirements, crop restrictions). 25
CarolloBlueTemplateW WithLogo.pptx Recommendations Education/Public Outreach O U Direct FDEP, FDACS, and the water management districts, to develop a guidance document for agricultural users on evaluating the environmental, economical, and technical feasibility of using reclaimed water. Best Use Regional Water Supply Planning should prioritize reclaimed water projects and be in concert with water supply planning as a tool to achieve the most cost effective way to enhance water resources and water supply. Technology T Develop FDEP framework to permit potable reuse. 26
Appendix Slides CarolloBlueTemplateWithLogo.pptx
FWEAUC Detailed Past Participation CarolloBlueTemplateW WithLogo.pptx The FWEAUC and its members have participated i t in numerous efforts to develop state and regional policies regarding the use, treatment and regulation of reclaimed water. In 2009 the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) published a sixty-eight page report that included specific recommendations for the use and expansion of reclaimed water, conservation and consistency. At the request of Representative Trudi Williams, the FWEAUC formed Reclaimed Water Policy Workgroup with FDEP, the water management districts, and other local government stakeholders. From January 2009 through December 2012, this ad hoc workgroup of representatives from FDEP, the water management districts, the FWEAUC, Florida League of Cities, individual local government utilities, and environmental consulting firms convened monthly meetings in Orlando to discuss how state regulatory policies could better optimize the reuse of reclaimed water. In May 2012, the group issued a final report the Purple Paper. The Workgroup continued to develop strategies and participate in rulemaking to implement the recommendations of its 2012 report. 28
CarolloBlueTemplateW WithLogo.pptx FWEAUC Detailed Past and Continued Participation The intricacies of reclaimed water management and the investments made by utilities and their local ratepayers were recognized by the by the Legislature when it clarified in 2012 that reclaimed water is not a source to be regulated by the state through consumptive use permitting (HB 639 (2012)). This legislation also included prior Workgroup recommendations to incentivize the use of reclaimed water through h the use of impact offsets and substitution credits. In 2014, the Florida Legislature passed Senate Bill 536, which tasked the FDEP with conducting a study and generating a report to determine the best ways to expand the use of reclaimed water, stormwater and excess surface waters within our State. The final SB 536 Report was published in December 2015. The SB 536 Report provides significant environmental and technical information that will prove useful in future efforts to further develop reclaimed water as a resource. 29
FWEAUC Detailed Current Participation CarolloBlueTemplateW WithLogo.pptx The Utility Council agrees with many of the SB 536 Report s proposals, such as recommendations to: facilitate reclaimed water aquifer storage and recovery, remove unnecessary barriers to supplementing reclaimed water with stormwater, and repeal outdated and non scientific restrictions on the use of reclaimed water to spray irrigate i certain crops. Some issues can be discussed and accomplished quickly and while others, such as Potable Reuse will take more time to fully vet and implement. 30
FWEAUC Detailed Current Participation To facilitate the Reclaimed Water Workgroup s discussion the FWEA Utility Council has prepared an analysis of: How local community and geographic factors influence reclaimed water use practices. How reclaimed water is a product is typically subsidized by water/wastewater ratepayers As a result, the FWEA Utility Council is proposing several recommendations. CarolloBlueTemplateW WithLogo.pptx 31