CARE Climate Change Adaptation(CCA) Plan a. Introduction: b. Background: The project Reversing Environmental Degradation and Rural Poverty through Adaptation to Climate Change in Drought Stricken Areas in Southern India: A Hydrological Unit Pilot Project Approach, also referred to as Strategic Pilot on Adaptation to Climate Change (SPACC) Project is operational in seven drought prone districts of Andhra Pradesh. In Mahboobnagar district, SPACC project is executed by Center for Applied Research and Extension (CARE), through its Field Unit (FU) based at Achampet town. c. Purpose : The purpose of the Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) plans is to develop plans for specific crops in kharif 2014 and rabi 2014 based on SLWM pilot learning to cope with climate variability in Mallappavagu H.U (Pilot). 2. Resource Base a. Physical setup i. Location : Latitude 78 30 Longitude: 16 31 ii. Number of habitations and extent : 17 habitations & 7937 hectares (19842.5 acers) iii. Soil types : Sl.No Soil Type Percentage 1 Red soil 34% 2 Black soil 5% 3 Mixed soil 37% 4 Saline soil 4% 5 Sandy soil 20% iv. Cultivable land (dry and irrigated) and forest cover Sl.no Land Type Hectares 1 Irrigated 876.6 2 Dry land 5418 3 Fallow land 312.6 4 Barron land 10 5 Tank area 90.44 6 Cultivated fallow land 72 Total 6779.64
v. Irrigation sources: Bore wells 915. Dug wells 36 Dug cum bore well: 01 Power bores: 05 Check dams : 20 Kuntas 11 Tanks 03 Form ponds 04 b. Demography : i. Total population : 43053 Male: 22091 Female : 20962 ii. Population distribution across the HU : Sl.No Habitation Total Population 1 kamsanipalli 1638 2 Gattukadipalli 426 3 Rangampet 204 4 Mangalkuntapalli 986 5 Kamsanipallithanda 315 6 Palkapalli 1974 7 Mahadevpoor 1056 8 Lingotam 1168 9 Lingotamthanda. 274 10 Kotharamnager 183 11 Guttamedhithanda 171 12 Polisettipalli 2683 13 polisettipallithanda 224 14 Devdarikunta 713 15 valaptla 1120 16 Uppununthala. 4732 17 Achampet 25186 iii. Gender ratio : (Male 1000/ Female 922) iv. Literacy rate : Male 54%, Female 39% Total 43053
c. Socioeconomic setup i. Caste composition : Sl.No Caste Percentage (%) 1 SC 27 2 ST 10 3 BC 50 4 OC 13 ii. Land distribution 1. Across various castes OC%: SC, ST % 2. Number of land less labor 172 small farmers 29 % marginal farmers 33% large farmers 06% iii. Occupational distribution (% of population dependent on agriculture and other activities) Farming cum labor 29% Land less 3% Daily working Labor various processing units (Rice mill, oil mills, cotton industries) 4%. Depend on agriculture 96%. Cultivable land 80% Rain fed area 85% Female land owner ship:11% d. Major agricultural crops i. Kharif: Cotton, Paddy, Maize, ii. Rabi : Groundnut, Vegetables, Sunflower, 3. Climate variability/change a. Temperature variability (According to 19972011 data) i. Day and night temperatures: Day & night temparaturers Day Night 2.99% increased 0.03 % decreased
ii. Hot and cold days: Hot & cold days Hot days Cold days increased decreased iii. Hot and cold nights : Hot & cold nights Hot Nights Cold Nights decreased increased b. Rainfall variability : i. Rainfall distribution (According to base line study) Season Percentage Result SWNE Monsoons 63 % NESW Monsoons 29 % Summer 8 % Increased in three seasons ii. Onset of monsoon : on set of moonsoon Before 79% After 28% iii. Increase or decrease in rainfall (in different seasons): Season SWNE Monsoons NESW Monsoons Summer Result Increase Decrease Increase
Annual Rainfall received decreased by 5 percentage Nonmonsoon rainfall decreased by 50 percentage. Monsoon rainfall increased by 23 percentage. iv. Number of rainy days : Average number of Rainy days increased by 64 percent v. Rainfall intensity: Season SWNE Monsoons NESW Monsoons Summer Result Marginal Increase Increase Increase 4. Impact of climate variability/change a. Plant available water capacity (PAWC) of soils; 120.19 mm b. Soil organic carbon (SOC); Low to medium c. Water availability for agriculture; 404% 12.16 mcm/annum ( Increased 3.01 mcm) d. Incidence of pests and diseases; Botrytis blight in Castor Increased e. Livestock: Scarcity of Fodder for cattle & sheep 5. Climate Change Adaptation Plan a. Kharif i. Crop A: Cotton ii. Crop B: Paddy iii. Crop C: Maize b. Rabi i. Crop A: Ground nut ii. Crop B: Tomato iii. Crop C: Chilly
CARESPACC CCA plan Crop: Cotton S. No Crop Stages Pest & Disease Risks 1 Seed sowing 2 Seedling establishment Season: Kharif Risks (Dry conditions) Root grub,root knot nematode moisture stress Seed treatment: a) For disease management: Trichoderma or Dithenium M45. 4G granules at the time of sowing / Irrigation a) Making conservation furrows. B) vermicompost while land preparation. Soil Nutrient Based on soil analysis report FYM,SSP vermicompost while land preparation in Risks (Wet conditions) Risks irrigation a) Dry root rot Seed treatment: a) For disease management: Trichoderma or Dithenium M45. b) For soil nutrients: a) Drenching with carbandizam / Irrigation Soil Nutrient Based on soil analysis report FYM,SSP vermicompost while land preparation in 3 Vegetative stage Early Micro & micro nutrients deficiance Sucking pest Micro & micro nutrients deficiance Arramgement of Sticky boards. Arrangement of Pheromone traps (in case of non BT Cotton crop). neem oil. 4 Vegetative Stage Later Zn deficiance Sucking pest Zn deficiance Znso4 neem oil. Znso4 Mg 5 Flowering /bud forming Sucking pest Mg deficiency deficiency Mgso4 neem oil. Mgso4 6 Pod/Fruit/Boll Formation 7 Ripening (ready to harvest)
Crop: Paddy S. No Crop Stages 1 Seed sowing(in nursery) 1.Rice Gall midge (vullikodu in telugu), 2.Shoot borer Risks (Dry conditions) Risks 1) Apply corbofuran granules to nursery bed. 2) Apply corbofuran granules@10 k.g per Acre, Arrangement of pheromone traps CARESPACC CCA plan Season: Kharif / Soil Nutrient Irrigation Based on soil analysis report FYM,SSP vermicompost while land preparation in required quantity. Risks (Wet conditions) Risks Seed treatment: a) For disease management: Trichoderma or Dithenium M45. b) For soil nutrients: PSP / Soil Nutrient Irrigation Based on soil analysis report FYM,SSP vermicompos t while land preparation in required quantity. 2 Seedling establishment Dry leaf disease 1.Apply nitrogen fertilizers in in 34 split doses. 2.If more than 5% disease appear stop application of nitrogen fertilizers. 2 3 Vegetative Stage or Tillering stage Panicle initiation stage 1.paddy fire blost disease, 2.Tungro vius, 3.leaf folder 1.Seed treatment with carbendizam @ 3gr per one kg seed. 2. Aciphate @ 1.5ml per 1 Lit of water. 3. Cartop Hydro Chloride. 4 Grain filling stage 1.Gundhi bug 2.B.P.H Zn deficiance 1.Dichifol @ 5ml/lit water 15 days interwel 2.At the time of Transplanting give proper Spacing in between rows i.e leave 30cm path in every 2meter. Znso4 Panicle rotting Micro & micro nutrients deficiance carbendizam @ 1gr per one liter of water micronutrien t 5 Harvesting stage paddy fire blost Seed treatment with Carbendizam.. tricyclozone.
CARESPACC CCA plan Crop: Maize S. No Crop Stages Season: Kharif Risks (Dry conditions) Risks / Irrigation Soil Nutrient Risks (Wet conditions) Pest & Disease Risks / Irrigation Soil Nutrient 1 Pre sowing Stage Development stages of Nematodes. low 1.Application with neem powder. making conservation furrows Application with FYM,vermicompost,D AP at the time of land preparation Resting stages of insects, Diseases. High 1.Deep summer ploughings, 2.Crop Rotation, 3. Seed treatment with trichoderma viride. making conservation furrows Application with FYM,vermicomp ost,dap at the time of land preparation 2 Vegetative Stage 1.Shoot borer. 2.leaf blight. " Ndeficiancy 1.Arrangement of pheromone traps. 2. Mancozeb spraying with 2% urea 1.Shoot borer. 2.leaf blight. " 1.Arrangement of pheromone traps. 2. Mancozeb 3 flowering Stage " Micronutrient Deficiency " Micronutrient Deficiency 4 Corn formation low moisture Improper grain filling Suppliment irrigation 5 Harvesting stage High rotting High Carbendezam. Improper price in market due to daamage of grains Harvesrt corns during dry conditions