Beetle Principal Investigators: David Nowak, Daniel Crane, Jack Stevens, Jeffrey Walton* (USDA, ) *Currently at Paul Smith's College, Paul Smiths, Collaborators: Doug Allen Latif G. Kaya (SUNY College of Science Forestry); Linda Ordiway (USDA ) longhorned beetle Photo by Kenneth R. Law, APHIS longhorned beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis), a wood borer native to Asia, was first found in City in 1996. In an attempt to eradicate these beetles, thouss of infested trees were removed. If this beetle escapes into surrounding forest sts, the potential damage is significant. The following tables maps represent the potential damage to forest sts in the United States should this beetle escape invade these sts in the U.S. 28.5% (71 billion trees) of the trees on timberl are at risk to mortality due to the longhorned beetle. Based on a compensation value formula of the Council of Tree Lscape Appraisers, the potential value loss is greater than $2 trillion. ( information on the longhorned beetle, its spread eradication efforts, please visit USDA s ALB web page at http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/disturbance/ invasive_species/alb/.) If the longhorned beetle escaped infested the all urban areas of the lower 48 states, the estimated national impact would be a loss of 34.9% of total canopy cover, 30.3% tree mortality (1.2 billion trees) a value loss of $669 billion. (Nowak et al 2001) Information on potential damage to urban non-urban forests have been compiled based on insect disease host preferences field data from urban areas the USDA-Forest Service Forest Inventory Analysis (FIA http://fia.fs.fed.us/) data. For non-urban forests potential risk data are presented for four types of tree hosts: 1. Known hosts - known host in China or verified completion of life cycle (exit holes) on host in United States. 2. Genera hosts - genera that have been attacked (oviposition) in the field, but complete development in a tree has not been confirmed. 3. Immune hosts - conifer species (no known conifer hosts) 4. Unknown - hardwood genera with no host data. These data are based on FIA (trees >= 1 inch in diameter at breast height (4.5 ft)(dbh)) data extracted in 2002 in conjunction with host preference data. Data are given by county state for: a) number of potential trees affected, b) percent of tree population, c) percent of basal area, d) compensatory value of potential affected trees. information on general methods, see: Nowak, D.J., J.E. Pasek, R, Sequeira, D.E. Crane. V.C. Mastro, 2001. Potential effect of Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) on urban trees in the United States. Journal of Economic Entomology. 94(1): 116-122. Available online at http:// nrs.fs.fed.us/pubs/1983 Within the value formula, location factor was set http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/ 1
Beetle Percent of Trees on [Known ] Percent of Trees on [Genera ] http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/ 2
Beetle Percent of Trees on Immune to Percent of Trees on [Unknown ] http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/ 3
Beetle Percent of Trees On Infested with Beetle State Known Genera Immune Unknown AK ND ND ND ND AL 13.2 17.6 26.8 42.4 AR 17.4 20.7 23.2 38.8 AZ* 5.8 24.3 69.9 0 CA* 2.7 15.1 63.3 18.9 CO* 26.3 12.4 61.1 0.2 CT 41.8 27.4 13.2 17.7 DC ND ND ND ND DE 25.8 12.8 12.7 48.7 FL* 8.5 21.4 35.9 34.2 GA 13.2 17.5 30.3 39 HI ND ND ND ND IA* 46.1 11.7 3.1 39.1 ID* 7.2 0.7 92 0.1 IL* 45.6 13 2.1 39.3 IN* 44.8 9.1 5.1 41 KS* 38.8 13.6 4.6 42.9 KY 29 15.5 9.3 46.2 LA* 18.3 14 28.4 39.4 MA 39.5 23.1 24.5 12.9 MD 27.8 14.5 13.4 44.3 ME 31.5 12.4 49.7 6.3 MI 52.1 8.3 32.5 7.1 MN* 47.1 10.7 37.4 4.9 MO 18.4 38.4 7.5 35.7 MS 15.6 16.2 24.5 43.7 MT* 2.4 0.4 97.3 0 State Known Genera ND = No data available. * = Incomplete data for state. Immune Unknown NC 20.8 14.4 20 44.8 ND* 81.5 14.4 1.6 2.6 NE* 40.5 8.2 29.2 22.1 NH 36.7 17.6 35.7 10 NJ 25.4 23.4 28.2 23.1 NM* 8.3 34.4 57.3 0 NV* 39.2 0 57.8 3 NY 53 8.2 17.5 21.2 OH 49.2 10.7 3.1 36.9 OK* 16.7 38.2 19.2 26 OR* 7.5 2.3 81.5 8.7 PA 48.9 19 7.4 24.8 RI 40.5 34.5 15.9 9 SC 14.6 17.3 33.4 34.8 SD* 12.2 7.4 78.4 2 TN 26.5 14.8 13.6 45.1 TX* 13.4 19.5 29.5 37.6 UT 38.7 1.4 59.1 0.7 VA 20.2 18.3 16.7 44.8 VT 45.2 11.3 28.3 15.2 WA* 9.4 0.9 89 0.6 WI 55.3 11.6 22.6 10.4 WV 34.5 20.2 5 40.2 WY* 11.1 2.2 86.6 0.2 U.S. 24.8 14.6 34.4 26.2 2/20/2003 http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/ 4
Beetle Number of Trees on [Known ] Number of Trees on [Genera ] http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/ 5
Beetle Number of Trees on Immune to Number of Trees on [Unknown ] http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/ 6
Beetle Number of Trees On Infested with Beetle State Known Genera Immune Unknown State Total AK ND ND ND ND ND AL 2,110,000,000 2,810,000,000 4,270,000,000 6,760,000,000 15,950,000,000 AR 2,120,000,000 2,520,000,000 2,830,000,000 4,740,000,000 12,210,000,000 AZ* 80,000,000 350,000,000 1,020,000,000 0 1,450,000,000 CA* 190,000,000 1,090,000,000 4,560,000,000 1,360,000,000 7,200,000,000 CO* 1,510,000,000 720,000,000 3,510,000,000 10,000,000 5,750,000,000 CT 340,000,000 220,000,000 110,000,000 140,000,000 810,000,000 DC ND ND ND ND ND DE 70,000,000 30,000,000 30,000,000 130,000,000 260,000,000 FL* 650,000,000 1,640,000,000 2,750,000,000 2,620,000,000 7,660,000,000 GA 2,080,000,000 2,760,000,000 4,780,000,000 6,150,000,000 15,770,000,000 HI ND ND ND ND ND IA* 380,000,000 100,000,000 30,000,000 330,000,000 840,000,000 ID* 500,000,000 40,000,000 6,300,000,000 10,000,000 6,850,000,000 IL* 1,090,000,000 310,000,000 50,000,000 940,000,000 2,390,000,000 IN* 1,080,000,000 220,000,000 120,000,000 990,000,000 2,410,000,000 KS* 240,000,000 80,000,000 30,000,000 260,000,000 610,000,000 KY 2,030,000,000 1,090,000,000 650,000,000 3,240,000,000 7,010,000,000 LA* 1,450,000,000 1,100,000,000 2,240,000,000 3,110,000,000 7,900,000,000 MA 610,000,000 350,000,000 380,000,000 200,000,000 1,540,000,000 MD 400,000,000 210,000,000 190,000,000 640,000,000 1,440,000,000 ME 5,180,000,000 2,030,000,000 8,160,000,000 1,040,000,000 16,410,000,000 MI 5,940,000,000 950,000,000 3,700,000,000 810,000,000 11,400,000,000 MN* 3,970,000,000 900,000,000 3,150,000,000 410,000,000 8,430,000,000 MO 1,360,000,000 2,830,000,000 550,000,000 2,630,000,000 7,370,000,000 MS 1,820,000,000 1,880,000,000 2,860,000,000 5,090,000,000 11,650,000,000 MT* 220,000,000 30,000,000 9,220,000,000 0 9,470,000,000 ND = No data available. = Incomplete data for state. 2/20/2003 http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/ 7
Beetle Number of Trees On Infested with Beetle (cont.) State Known Genera Immune Unknown State Total NC 2,910,000,000 2,020,000,000 2,800,000,000 6,280,000,000 14,010,000,000 ND* 150,000,000 30,000,000 0 0 180,000,000 NE* 120,000,000 30,000,000 90,000,000 70,000,000 310,000,000 NH 1,260,000,000 600,000,000 1,220,000,000 340,000,000 3,420,000,000 NJ 250,000,000 230,000,000 280,000,000 230,000,000 990,000,000 NM* 210,000,000 890,000,000 1,490,000,000 0 2,590,000,000 NV* 40,000,000 0 60,000,000 0 100,000,000 NY 5,160,000,000 800,000,000 1,710,000,000 2,070,000,000 9,740,000,000 OH 2,220,000,000 480,000,000 140,000,000 1,660,000,000 4,500,000,000 OK* 620,000,000 1,410,000,000 710,000,000 960,000,000 3,700,000,000 OR* 630,000,000 190,000,000 6,790,000,000 720,000,000 8,330,000,000 PA 4,170,000,000 1,620,000,000 630,000,000 2,110,000,000 8,530,000,000 RI 70,000,000 60,000,000 30,000,000 20,000,000 180,000,000 SC 1,270,000,000 1,510,000,000 2,910,000,000 3,030,000,000 8,720,000,000 SD* 70,000,000 40,000,000 440,000,000 10,000,000 560,000,000 TN 2,260,000,000 1,260,000,000 1,160,000,000 3,850,000,000 8,530,000,000 TX* 920,000,000 1,340,000,000 2,040,000,000 2,600,000,000 6,900,000,000 UT 850,000,000 30,000,000 1,300,000,000 20,000,000 2,200,000,000 VA 2,340,000,000 2,120,000,000 1,940,000,000 5,210,000,000 11,610,000,000 VT 1,410,000,000 350,000,000 880,000,000 470,000,000 3,110,000,000 WA* 620,000,000 60,000,000 5,860,000,000 40,000,000 6,580,000,000 WI 5,450,000,000 1,150,000,000 2,230,000,000 1,030,000,000 9,860,000,000 WV 2,270,000,000 1,330,000,000 330,000,000 2,640,000,000 6,570,000,000 WY* 270,000,000 50,000,000 2,090,000,000 0 2,410,000,000 Total 70,980,000,000 41,910,000,000 98,610,000,000 74,970,000,000 286,460,000,000 ND = No data available. = Incomplete data for state. 2/20/2003 http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/ 8
Beetle Percent Basal Area on [Known ] Percent Basal Area on [Genera ] http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/ 9
Beetle Percent Basal Area on Immune to Percent Basal Area on [Unknown ] http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/ 10
Beetle Percent Basal Area of Trees On Infested with Beetle State Known Genera Immune Unknown AK ND ND ND ND AL 7.8 22 38.9 31.3 AR 10 33.4 32.2 24.4 AZ* 3.8 10.6 85.6 0 CA* 1.4 11.4 77.4 9.8 CO* 22.6 2 75.3 0.1 CT 36 39.6 15.3 9.1 DC ND ND ND ND DE 27.4 24.4 15.6 32.6 FL* 7.2 17.2 43.1 32.5 GA 8 20.2 41.7 30.1 HI ND ND ND ND IA* 39.9 32.2 2.3 25.7 ID* 2.9 0.4 96.6 0.1 IL* 34.4 34.7 2.8 28.2 IN* 35.1 26.6 4.6 33.8 KS* 37.2 22.9 2.2 37.8 KY 20 34.1 8.7 37.2 LA* 12.7 17.9 39.9 29.5 MA 33.4 26.7 34.1 5.8 MD 23.2 27.6 16.3 32.9 ME 28.8 13 52.3 6 MI 48.2 14.1 31.4 6.4 MN* 44.4 17.9 32.8 4.9 MO 11.7 61.2 7.1 19.9 MS 9.8 23.7 34.4 32.1 MT* 1.9 0.2 97.9 0 State Known Genera ND = No data available. * = Incomplete data for state. Immune Unknown NC 13.3 21.3 32.2 33.2 ND* 79 17 1.3 2.7 NE* 45.7 16.4 24.3 13.6 NH 31.7 21.9 39.4 7 NJ 24.7 32.2 25.1 18 NM* 8.3 7.7 84 0 NV* 19.5 0 79.2 1.3 NY 50.6 13.4 22.5 13.5 OH 43.7 23.1 3.8 29.4 OK* 13.5 45 23.2 18.3 OR* 6.8 1.4 87.7 4 PA 44.5 30.6 9.6 15.3 RI 30.2 45.5 18.9 5.5 SC 9.8 18 44 28.2 SD* 10.5 4.9 83.7 0.9 TN 18.1 33.6 15 33.3 TX* 8.2 25.8 42.9 23.1 UT 28.5 0.9 69.3 1.2 VA 12.8 33.7 22.6 30.9 VT 42.8 15.5 31.8 9.9 WA* 10.2 0.4 89 0.4 WI 46.6 21.7 23.8 7.9 WV 23.4 37.9 6 32.7 WY* 7.8 1.1 91 0.1 U.S. 18.8 18.4 46.1 16.7 2/20/2003 http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/ 11
Beetle Compensatory Value on [Known ] Compensatory Value on [Genera ] http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/ 12
Beetle Compensatory Value on Immune to Compensatory Value on [Unknown ] http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/ 13
Beetle Compensatory Value ($) On Infested with Beetle State Known Genera Immune Unknown State Total AK ND ND ND ND ND AL 35,540,000,000 93,830,000,000 201,080,000,000 139,250,000,000 469,700,000,000 AR 33,950,000,000 126,560,000,000 108,490,000,000 89,210,000,000 358,210,000,000 AZ* 5,640,000,000 24,940,000,000 161,610,000,000 40,000,000 192,230,000,000 CA* 21,790,000,000 232,740,000,000 1,085,730,000,000 170,800,000,000 1,511,060,000,000 CO* 115,270,000,000 14,840,000,000 374,000,000,000 290,000,000 504,400,000,000 CT 20,940,000,000 19,030,000,000 7,800,000,000 5,790,000,000 53,560,000,000 DC ND ND ND ND ND DE 3,100,000,000 2,810,000,000 1,510,000,000 4,290,000,000 11,710,000,000 FL* 14,840,000,000 33,530,000,000 81,900,000,000 64,480,000,000 194,750,000,000 GA 39,060,000,000 90,720,000,000 199,350,000,000 143,580,000,000 472,710,000,000 HI ND ND ND ND ND IA* 8,460,000,000 12,210,000,000 650,000,000 6,820,000,000 28,140,000,000 ID* 21,450,000,000 3,360,000,000 646,410,000,000 510,000,000 671,730,000,000 IL* 15,580,000,000 24,570,000,000 1,400,000,000 15,580,000,000 57,130,000,000 IN* 55,690,000,000 47,950,000,000 6,280,000,000 54,310,000,000 164,230,000,000 KS* 9,250,000,000 8,500,000,000 740,000,000 12,290,000,000 30,780,000,000 KY 72,600,000,000 154,090,000,000 29,620,000,000 140,580,000,000 396,890,000,000 LA* 31,120,000,000 44,430,000,000 111,980,000,000 80,830,000,000 268,360,000,000 MA 35,350,000,000 25,550,000,000 29,440,000,000 7,110,000,000 97,450,000,000 MD 22,640,000,000 29,610,000,000 15,260,000,000 33,430,000,000 100,940,000,000 ME 174,880,000,000 77,920,000,000 294,590,000,000 39,840,000,000 587,230,000,000 MI 184,580,000,000 65,090,000,000 130,240,000,000 25,550,000,000 405,460,000,000 MN* 118,880,000,000 41,230,000,000 73,020,000,000 13,130,000,000 246,260,000,000 MO 27,490,000,000 189,430,000,000 19,390,000,000 48,560,000,000 284,870,000,000 MS 31,420,000,000 75,160,000,000 131,320,000,000 107,360,000,000 345,260,000,000 MT* 12,480,000,000 1,640,000,000 771,810,000,000 10,000,000 785,940,000,000 ND = No data available. = Incomplete data for state. 2/20/2003 http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/ 14
Beetle Compensatory Value ($) On Infested with Beetle State Known Genera Immune Unknown State Total NC 68,800,000,000 91,080,000,000 141,470,000,000 153,630,000,000 454,980,000,000 ND* 8,730,000,000 2,710,000,000 200,000,000 340,000,000 11,980,000,000 NE* 5,110,000,000 3,180,000,000 3,340,000,000 2,120,000,000 13,750,000,000 NH 59,590,000,000 36,340,000,000 62,570,000,000 13,800,000,000 172,300,000,000 NJ 17,460,000,000 20,070,000,000 15,050,000,000 12,040,000,000 64,620,000,000 NM* 16,360,000,000 20,940,000,000 161,030,000,000 0 198,330,000,000 NV* 2,850,000,000 0 12,570,000,000 210,000,000 15,630,000,000 NY 250,180,000,000 60,850,000,000 101,140,000,000 72,980,000,000 485,150,000,000 OH 82,130,000,000 53,020,000,000 7,060,000,000 56,090,000,000 198,300,000,000 OK* 23,270,000,000 98,600,000,000 44,440,000,000 32,550,000,000 198,860,000,000 OR* 62,480,000,000 19,340,000,000 528,570,000,000 48,320,000,000 658,710,000,000 PA 183,440,000,000 128,190,000,000 37,850,000,000 70,860,000,000 420,340,000,000 RI 3,550,000,000 4,750,000,000 1,670,000,000 650,000,000 10,620,000,000 SC 29,630,000,000 52,740,000,000 133,410,000,000 82,330,000,000 298,110,000,000 SD* 3,320,000,000 2,630,000,000 35,900,000,000 410,000,000 42,260,000,000 TN 68,850,000,000 120,330,000,000 57,890,000,000 133,310,000,000 380,380,000,000 TX* 25,460,000,000 90,330,000,000 128,290,000,000 75,610,000,000 319,690,000,000 UT 58,130,000,000 2,280,000,000 131,880,000,000 2,130,000,000 194,420,000,000 VA 75,000,000,000 214,410,000,000 123,510,000,000 182,990,000,000 595,910,000,000 VT 73,280,000,000 22,890,000,000 49,070,000,000 18,550,000,000 163,790,000,000 WA* 69,360,000,000 4,560,000,000 429,000,000,000 3,480,000,000 506,400,000,000 WI 104,080,000,000 67,930,000,000 62,950,000,000 18,970,000,000 253,930,000,000 WV 102,610,000,000 180,010,000,000 24,460,000,000 147,650,000,000 454,730,000,000 WY* 17,090,000,000 3,030,000,000 193,170,000,000 180,000,000 213,470,000,000 Total 2,522,750,000,000 2,739,960,000,000 6,970,120,000,000 2,332,880,000,000 14,565,710,000,000 Percent Total 17.3 18.8 47.9 16.0 100.0 ND = No data available. = Incomplete data for state. 2/20/2003 http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/ 15