Economic Contributions of Agriculture, Natural Resources, and Food Industries in Florida in 2015

Economic Contributions of Agriculture, Natural Resources, Food Industries in Florida in 2015 Alan W. Hodges, PhD, Mohammad Rahmani, PhD, Christa D. Court, PhD University of Florida-IFAS, Food & Resource Economics Department, PO Box 110240, Gainesville, Florida 32611 Corresponding author contact: Email awhodges@ufl.edu; Telephone 352-294-7674 Report available at http://www.edis.ifas.ufl.edu June 2017 Contents Executive Summary... 2 Glossary of Economic Impact Terms... 5 Introduction... 7 Methods... 7 Results... 10 Economic Contributions by Groups Sectors... 10 Economic Contributions by Agricultural Commodity Groups... 18 Economic Contributions in Florida Regions Counties... 20 Share of Florida Gross Product nt... 28 Trends in Economic Contributions over Time... 31 Conclusions... 37 Literature Information Sources Cited... 38 Appendix: Florida County Profiles of Economic Contributions of Agriculture, Natural Resources Food Industries in 2015... 39 1

Executive Summary Agriculture, natural resources, food industries remain a significant force in the economy of Florida, it is important to recognize the economic contributions of these industries to ensure informed public policy. The economic contributions of these industries were evaluated for calendar year 2015 to update previous reports provide current information on economic trends. This analysis was conducted using the IMPLAN regional economic modeling system associated state county databases (IMPLAN Group LLC) to estimate economic multipliers contributions for over 500 different industry sectors. Multipliers capture the indirect induced economic activity generated by re-spending of income or sales revenues in a regional economy. The analysis includes 121 industry sectors that represent the broad array of activities encompassed by agricultural natural-resource commodity production, manufacturing, distribution, supporting services in Florida. Economic contributions can be measured in terms of employment, industry output, value added, exports, labor income, other property income, business taxes. A glossary of economic terms is provided in this document. The economic contributions of Florida agriculture, natural resources, food industries for 2015 are summarized in Table ES1, include the following: output or sales revenues were $160.714 billion. domestic exports were $60.529 billion. Agriculture, natural resources, food industries had 1,616,235 full-time part-time direct jobs, representing 14.1 percent of all jobs in the state. An additional 655,877 jobs were indirectly connected to these industries for a total employment impact of 2,272,113 jobs, representing 19.8 percent of total state employment. Direct value added was 78.586 billion total value added impact (including multiplier effects) was $132.035 billion, representing 14.7 percent of Gross State Product. Total labor income impact was $81.038 billion, including employee wages, fringe benefits, proprietor income. Total property income impact was $37.997 billion, representing rents, dividends, interest, royalties, etc. Taxes on production imports paid to local, state, federal governments totaled $13.000 billion. Across the various industry groups, total employment value added impacts were largest for Food Kindred Products Distribution (1.47 million jobs; $78.833 billion), which includes food service establishments (restaurants) retail food stores, followed by Agricultural Inputs Services (271,940 jobs; $15.053 billion); Crop, Livestock, Forestry, Fisheries Production (212,959 jobs; $12.715 billion); Food Kindred Product Manufacturing (151,432 jobs; $13.898 billion); Forest Product Manufacturing (73,040 jobs; $6.550 billion); Mining (48,826 jobs; $2.651 billion); Nature-Based Recreation (42,475 jobs; $2.336 billion). Excluding the Food Kindred Products Distribution industry group, total value added impacts represented 5.94 percent of Gross State Product employment contributions were 6.99 percent of total state employment. 2

Information on economic contributions was also evaluated for seven agricultural commodity groups that have identifiable market-chain linkages between production processing/manufacturing sectors. The total employment value added contributions were highest for the Environmental Horticulture group (182,546 jobs; $8.661 billion), followed by Fruit Vegetable Farming Processing (90,050 jobs; $6.032 billion); Forestry Forest Products (80,849 jobs; $7.010 billion); Livestock Farming Animal Products Manufacturing (34,442 jobs; $1.921 billion); Sugarcane Farming, Refined Sugar, Confections (18,765 jobs; $1.644 billion); Fishing Seafood Products (13,745 jobs; $730 million); Grain Oilseed Farming Processing (3,702 jobs; $332 million). Geographically, the size composition of agriculture, natural resources, related food industries varies dramatically across the state of Florida due to differences in climate, natural resource endowments, population settlement patterns. The largest economic contributions occurred in the major metro areas of Miami-Ft. Lauderdale, Orlo, Tampa- St. Petersburg, Sarasota-Bradenton, Jacksonville, where there are large dems for food kindred products, a large workforce available for the industry (Table ES1). The eight largest counties in terms of total employment value added impacts were Miami-Dade (273,336 jobs; $17.325 billion), Orange (199,200 jobs; $12.748 billion), Broward (188,484 jobs; $10.913 billion), Hillsborough (180,161 jobs; $12.695 billion), Palm Beach (172,133 jobs; $10.600 billion), Duval (122,095 jobs; $8.612 billion), Polk (108,340 jobs; $7.898 billion), Pinellas (89,083 jobs; $4.442 billion). Additional detailed information on economic contributions in individual Florida counties is available in the Appendix. Direct employment in agriculture, natural resources, food industries in Florida grew from 1.252 million jobs in 2001 to a peak of 1.351 million jobs in 2008, declined during the Great Recession of 2009-10, then recovered to 1.616 million jobs in 2015, which was 29 percent higher than 2001, representing an average annual growth rate of 2.1 percent. Overall growth in industry contributions during this period reflected an increase in exports of Florida products to domestic world markets. Average annual growth in employment contributions during 2001-15 was highest for Mining (10.5%), followed by Agricultural Inputs Services (7.5%) Food Kindred Products Distribution (2.6%), while industry groups that had negative growth in employment contributions were Forest Products Manufacturing ( 3.3%); Crop, Livestock, Forestry, Fisheries Production ( 1.6%); Nature-Based Recreation ( 1.3%). 3

Table ES1. Summary of economic contributions of agriculture, natural resources, food industries in Florida in 2015, by industry groups Florida regions Tax on Other Direct Labor Production Direct nt Property Income nt Income Imports Group Crop, Livestock, Forestry & Fisheries Production Agricultural Inputs & Services Food & Kindred Products Manufacturing Forest Products Manufacturing 130,327 11,276.6 7,220.2 22,429.4 212,959 12,714.7 7,861.3 4,274.6 578.9 180,252 18,562.9 10,361.2 32,311.0 271,940 15,052.9 9,826.6 4,364.3 862.0 59,323 26,828.9 11,134.9 40,865.5 151,432 13,898.0 7,574.6 5,071.5 1,251.9 22,239 8,877.6 5,940.8 16,306.8 73,040 6,549.8 3,922.9 2,188.6 438.4 Mining 28,874 4,254.6 1,958.2 7,118.9 48,826 2,650.7 1,677.7 729.5 243.6 Food & Kindred Products Distribution 1,167,295 89,000.3 22,818.4 130,443.9 1,471,440 78,832.8 48,698.8 20,639.3 9,494.7 Nature-based Recreation 27,925 1,912.9 1,095.4 3,894.6 42,475 2,336.2 1,476.7 729.4 130.1 Total All Industries 1,616,235 160,713.8 60,529.1 253,370.2 2,272,113 132,035.1 81,038.4 37,997.2 12,999.5 Miami-Fort Lauderdale 46,937 4,701.1 2,139.2 6,359.2 60,033 2,627.1 1,652.9 716.1 258.2 Orlo 122,183 15,398.3 8,153.9 23,533.1 178,302 11,675.8 6,495.7 3,983.1 1,197.1 Tampa-St. Petersburg 508,614 49,554.4 20,543.0 74,022.6 686,828 40,678.2 25,855.8 10,763.4 4,059.0 Sarasota-Bradenton 411,608 41,808.5 20,468.0 60,751.9 553,441 30,549.3 18,246.0 9,288.4 3,014.9 Jacksonville 25,828 2,268.0 1,156.9 3,208.5 33,540 1,610.8 959.7 484.1 167.1 Pensacola 58,639 4,421.0 1,766.4 5,885.6 70,103 3,066.2 1,945.6 773.0 347.6 Gainesville 179,938 14,552.9 5,751.1 20,324.4 225,416 11,031.7 7,276.4 2,698.0 1,057.3 Tallahassee 42,104 4,987.5 2,946.7 6,456.2 53,949 2,549.5 1,506.9 785.8 256.8 Panama City 219,281 22,967.9 9,866.0 33,758.3 291,909 17,286.8 10,449.9 5,046.2 1,790.7 nt represents full-time part-time jobs. Monetary values are given in millions of dollars. Total impact estimates include regional multiplier effects. Florida regions are functional economic areas defined by the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. Source: IMPLAN model state/county data for Florida (IMPLAN Group LLC). 4

Glossary of Economic Impact Terms Contribution (economic) represents the gross change in economic activity associated with an industry, event, or policy in an existing regional economy. Employee compensation is comprised of wages, salaries, commissions, benefits such as health life insurance, retirement other forms of cash or non-cash compensation. nt is a measure of the number of jobs involved, including full-time, part-time, seasonal positions. It is not a measure of full-time equivalents (FTE). are sales of goods to customers outside the region in which they are produced, which represents a net inflow of money to the region. This also applies to sales of goods services to customers visiting from other regions. Final Dem represents sales to final consumers, including households, governments, exports from the region. Gross Regional Product is a measure of total economic activity in a region, or total income generated by all goods services. It equals the total value added by all industries in that region, is equivalent to Gross Product for the nation. IMPLAN is a computer-based input-output modeling system that enables users to create regional economic models multipliers for any region consisting of one or more counties or states in the United States. The current version of the IMPLAN software, version 3, accounts for commodity production consumption for 536 industry sectors, 10 household income levels, taxes to local/state federal governments, capital investment, imports exports, transfer payments, business inventories. Regional datasets for individual counties or states are purchased separately. Impact or total impact is the net change in total regional economic activity (e.g., output or employment) resulting from a change in final dem, direct industry output, or direct employment, estimated based on regional economic multipliers. Imports are purchases of goods services originating outside the region of analysis. Income is the money earned within the region from production sales. Total income includes labor income such as wages, salaries, employee benefits, business proprietor income, plus other property income. Taxes on Production Imports are taxes paid to governments by individuals or businesses for property, excise, sales taxes, but do not include income taxes. Input- (I-O) model Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) is a representation of the transactions between industry sectors within a regional economy that captures what each sector purchases from every other sector to produce its output of goods or services. Using such a model, flows of economic activity associated with any change in spending or employment may be traced backwards through the supply chain. Local refers to goods services that are sourced from within the region, which may be defined as a county, multicounty cluster, or state. Non-local refers to economic activity originating outside the region. Margins represent the portion of the purchaser price accruing to the retailer, wholesaler, producer/manufacturer in the supply chain. Typically, only the retail margins of many goods purchased by consumers accrue to the local region, as the wholesaler, shipper, manufacturer often lie outside the local area. Multipliers capture the total effects, both direct secondary, in a given region, generally as a ratio of the total change in economic activity in the region relative to the direct change. Multipliers are derived from an I-O model of the regional economy. Multipliers may be expressed as ratios of sales, income, or employment, or as ratios of total income or 5

employment changes relative to direct sales. Multipliers express the degree of interdependency between sectors in a region's economy therefore vary considerably across regions sectors. A sector-specific multiplier gives the total changes to the economy associated with a unit change in output or employment in a given sector (i.e., the direct or initial economic effect) being evaluated. Indirect effects multipliers represent the changes in sales, income, or employment within the region in backward-linked industries supplying goods services to businesses (e.g., increased sales in input supply firms resulting from more nursery industry sales). Induced effects multipliers represent the increased sales within the region from household spending of the income earned in the direct supporting industries for housing, utilities, food, etc. An imputed multiplier is calculated as the ratio of the total impact divided by direct effect for any given measure (e.g., output, employment). Other property income represents income received from investments such as corporate dividends, royalties, property rentals, or interest on loans. is the dollar value of a good or service produced or sold, is equivalent to sales revenues plus changes in business inventories. Producer prices are the prices paid for goods at the factory or point of production. For manufactured goods, the purchaser price equals the producer price plus a retail margin, a wholesale margin, a transportation margin. For services, the producer purchaser prices are equivalent. Proprietor income is income received by non-incorporated private business owners or self-employed individuals. Purchaser prices are the prices paid by the final consumer of a good or service. Region or Regional Economy is the geographic area the economic activity it contains for which impacts are estimated. It may consist of an individual county, an aggregation of several counties, a state, or aggregation of states. These aggregations are sometimes defined on the basis of worker commuting patterns. Sector is an individual industry or group of industries that produce similar products or services, or have similar production processes. Sectors are classified according to the North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS). is a broad measure of income, representing the sum of employee compensation, proprietor income, other property income, indirect business taxes capital consumption (depreciation). added is a commonly used measure of the contribution of an industry to a regional economy because it avoids double counting of intermediate sales. 6

Introduction Agriculture, natural resources, food industries represent a broad set of economic activities generating employment income, producing goods services that contribute to the economic growth development of Florida the United States. Florida has approximately 24 million acres (36,000 square miles) of forests, cropls ranches, occupying about two-thirds of the state s l area. The state has a sub-tropical climate that enables production of an immense variety of food, fiber, mineral commodities. The unrefined commodities are converted into finished products by the food kindred product manufacturing industries, finished goods then move through the wholesale retail distribution chain to final consumers or to other industry sectors as intermediate goods for further value added processing. These industries are also linked to a broad array of allied suppliers that provide production inputs supporting services. In addition, farmls, timberls, other undeveloped natural ls provide an array of opportunities for naturebased recreation eco-tourism. Thus, the chain of agricultural related food industry activities encompasses farm to table beyond. The purpose of this study is to estimate the economic contributions or impacts of agricultural other natural-resource based activities to the state of Florida. Economic impact analysis assesses the effect of a new or present activity, industry, or event on the overall economy of a region such as a state, county, or city. Any activity that generates payments has an effect on other parts of a given economy. Any expenditure by one entity becomes income to another entity. As an analogy, a stone thrown into a lake generates waves that spread out in all directions. In economic impact analysis, these secondary effects are measured through economic multipliers for each type of activity (industry sector) obtained from regional economic models. Assessment of the economic contributions of specific industries to the economy of Florida is important to making informed public policy decisions regarding economic community development, job creation, environmental regulation, labor human resources, taxation, among other issues. This report provides estimates of the economic contributions to the state of Florida in 2015 by a set of broadly defined industries comprising agriculture, natural resources, related food kindred product manufacturing distribution activities. It updates continues a series of previous annual studies completed for years 2006 through 2014 (Hodges, Rahmani, Stevens 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011; Hodges Rahmani, 2010, 2009; Hodges, Rahmani, Mulkey, 2008). Methods Data for this analysis were obtained from the IMPLAN model Florida state/county databases for the 2001 2015 (2001-15) period licensed from IMPLAN Group LLC. The IMPLAN data are derived from the National Income Product Accounts for the United States (U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis), the Quarterly Census of nt Wages (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics), other sources. IMPLAN characterizes more than 500 industry sectors. More than 110 IMPLAN sectors were identified as related to agriculture, natural resources, food industries for basic commodity production, allied input supply supporting services, food kindred product manufacturing, forest product manufacturing, food kindred product distribution, nature-based recreation. Note 7

that some industry sectors in this analysis were reclassified from their original major industry group designation under the North American Classification System (NAICS) to be included as part of the broadly defined agriculture food-related industries. The rationale for including processing or manufacturing industries in this analysis is that they share a common dependence upon the agricultural natural resource base, would not exist in the state if not for the basic production activities. Food kindred product distribution sectors, such as wholesalers, food stores, restaurants, although not strictly dependent upon Florida s agricultural production natural resources, were also included in the analysis because they are the endpoint of the market chain for the delivery of agricultural food products to final consumers. Economic contribution information was also re-grouped for several recognizable commodity groups that have strong linkages between agricultural production processing/manufacturing sectors, as reflected in many vertically integrated firms or long-term supply contracts. These commodity groups included environmental horticulture (nursery greenhouse production, lscape services, retail garden centers); fishing seafood products; forestry, logging, forest product manufacturing; production processing of fruits vegetables; production processing of grains oilseeds; livestock production animal products manufacturing;, sugarcane refined sugar manufacturing, The total regional economic impacts for the agriculture, natural resources, food industry sectors were estimated using models developed with the IMPLAN software for social accounting impact analysis (IMPLAN Group, LLC 2016). This system enables construction of input-output models social accounting matrices that represent the structure of a regional economy in terms of transactions among industry sectors, households, governments. Regional economic models were developed for the state of Florida for all 67 counties in the state using the IMPLAN software Florida state-county data package for 2015. Models were constructed with econometrically estimated regional purchase coefficients representing the share of commodities purchased from local sources. Also, social-institutional accounts for households, local-state-federal governments, corporations, capital investment were treated as endogenous within the models. The IMPLAN model includes accounts for industrial commodity production, employment, labor property income, household institutional consumption, domestic international trade (imports, exports), government taxes, transfer payments (such as welfare retirement), capital investment. Economic multipliers are calculated for each industry to estimate the secondary effects of new dem that generate further economic activity being re-spent in the local economy (Miller Blair 2009). Indirect effects multipliers represent the economic activity generated within specific supply chains through the purchase of intermediate inputs from vendor firms. Induced effects multipliers represent the impacts of spending by households of industry employees by federal, state, local government entities. The indirect induced multipliers were applied only to foreign domestic exports, or sales to visitors from outside the state of Florida, which represent new money flowing into the regional economy, while direct effects multipliers only were applied to the outputs sold to in-state markets. The total economic impacts were calculated as the sum of direct, indirect, induced effects. Therefore, while the estimates of this analysis are referred to as "economic impacts," these values 8

may be better understood as "economic contributions" because they represent the ongoing economic activity of existing industries, rather than a net change in activity resulting from external influences (Watson et al. 2007). Different measures of economic impacts reported here include industry output or revenue (sales), employment (full-time, part-time, seasonal positions), value added, labor income, other property income, tax on production imports. added is a broad measure of net economic activity that is comparable to the Gross Product (GDP), represents the sum of labor other property income, taxes on production imports, capital consumption (depreciation). It is important to highlight the fact that estimating economic impacts on the basis of industry sales doublecounts the sales from one level of the market chain to the next (e.g., sales of citrus juice products by processors include the value of citrus fruit purchased from growers). Economic impact assessments based on value added do not doublecount because the value of intermediate inputs purchased from other sectors is netted-out. The glossary of economic impact analysis terminology explains these terms in detail. Information on economic contributions was developed for the state of Florida, nine multi-county regions, 67 individual counties. The multi-county regions encompass one or more core urban areas adjacent nonmetropolitan counties that are economically linked by employee commuting patterns media markets, as defined by the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (Johnson Kort 2004). It should be noted that some counties in north Florida that are part of economic areas in Georgia were regrouped with Florida regions for this analysis. Due to differences in trade flows accounting adjustments at the state county levels, slight discrepancies in regional results were reconciled by forcing county regional estimates to match with state totals. For some industry activities that did not fit into a single IMPLAN industry sector, values were estimated as a share of their parent sector based on employment data from the Quarterly Census of nt Wages (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics): Wholesale food distribution was 22 percent of Wholesale trade; Pest control services were 17 percent of Services to buildings; Retail lawn--garden centers were 1 percent of Building materials garden equipment supplies; Golf courses Recreational fishing were 45 percent 0.1 percent, respectively, of Other amusement recreation industries. Reported employment figures represent all full-time, part-time, temporary or seasonal jobs, rather than full-time equivalent employees. All monetary values were expressed in 2015 U.S. dollars using the mid-year (July) indices for the Gross Product (GDP) Implicit Price Deflator, which accounts for the effects of price changes in the measurement of GDP (U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis [USDOC/BEA]). Note that IMPLAN data were unavailable for 2005. The IMPLAN industry sectoring scheme was revised in 2007 2013, as a result, some industries were regrouped to evaluate trends over the entire period. Also note that previous results for 2001 to 2014 were revised, so findings presented here do not match with those previously reported (Hodges, Rahmani, Stevens 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011; Hodges Rahmani 2010, 2009; Hodges, Rahmani, Mulkey 2008). 9

Results Economic Contributions by Groups Sectors Economic contributions of agriculture, natural resources, food industries in Florida for 2015 are summarized in Table 1 Figures 1-4. The industries are categorized in seven major groups: 1) Crop, Livestock, Forestry, Fisheries Production; 2) Agricultural Inputs Services; 3) Food Kindred Products Manufacturing; 4) Forest Products Manufacturing; 5) Food Kindred Products Distribution; 6) Mining; 7) Nature-based Recreation. Results are reported below for each industry group individual industry sector. Direct industry output or sales revenues for agriculture, natural resources, food industries in 2015 were $160.714 billion, output impacts, including multiplier effects, were $253.370 billion. Direct value added in these industries was $78.586 billion in 2015 total value added impacts were $132.035 billion. domestic exports of goods services outside of Florida totaled $60.529 billion. Direct employment in these industries was 1.616 million full-time part-time jobs, total employment impacts (including multiplier effects) were estimated at 2.272 million jobs. The total value added contribution to Gross Product was $132.035 billion. Total labor income impacts (employee wages, benefits business proprietor income) were $81.038 billion. Total other property income impacts, such as rents, interest, royalties, dividends, amounted to $37.997 billion. The total impact of taxes on production imports paid to local, state, federal governments was $13.000 billion (Table 1). Direct (GDP, Personal & Business Net Income): $78.586 Billion Total : $132.035 Billion Input Purchases Agricultural Inputs & Services, Mining Crop, Livestock, Forestry, Fishery Production Food Forest Product Manufacturing Food & Kindred Product Distribution, Nature-based Recreation (Sales Revenues): $160.7140 Billion : $60.529 Billion Direct nt (full-time & part-time): 1,616,235 Jobs Total nt : 2,272,113 Jobs s in 2015 dollars Regional multiplier effects Figure 1. Structure of economic activity in agriculture, natural resources, food industries in Florida in 2015 10

Crop, Livestock, Forestry, Fisheries Production includes sectors that produce basic unrefined food, fiber commodities. In 2015, direct output of these sectors was $11.277 billion, exports were $7.220 billion, total output impacts were $22.429 billion (Table 1, Figure 2). Direct employment was 130,327 jobs total employment impacts were 212,959 jobs (Table 1, Figure 3). The total value added impacts were $12.715 billion (Table 1, Figure 4), labor income impacts were $7.861 billion, other property-income impacts were $4.275 billion, taxes on production imports impacts were $579 million. Among individual industry sectors in this group, those with the highest total value added impacts were Support activities for agriculture forestry ($3.071 billion); Greenhouse, nursery, floriculture production ($2.255 billion); Fruit ($2.144 billion, including citrus, blueberries, strawberries, tropical fruits); Vegetable melon ($1.485 billion); Sugarcane sugar beet ($635 million). The sectors with the highest total employment impacts were Support activities for agriculture forestry (46,015 jobs); Fruit (43,709); Greenhouse, nursery, floriculture production (34,535 jobs); Vegetable melon (17,957 jobs); Beef cattle ranching, including feedlots dual-purpose ranching (14,501 jobs); Commercial fishing (11,481 jobs). Large value added employment impacts were also generated by the sectors for Dairy cattle milk production ($516 million; 5,624 jobs); All other crop ($380 million; 12,991 jobs); Commercial logging ($218 million; 4,323 jobs); Poultry egg production ($220 million; 2,608 jobs); Animal production (except cattle poultry eggs) ($197 million; 4,895 jobs); Forestry, forest products, timber tracts production ($242 million; 3,486 jobs). In addition, value added impacts of more than $100 million were observed for Commercial hunting trapping. Agricultural Inputs Services includes a variety of sectors providing inputs or supporting services for agricultural operations, including lscape management. Sales revenues in 2015 to this group were $18.563 billion, included export sales of $10.361 billion, resulting in total output impacts of $32.311 billion (Table 1, Figure 2). Direct employment was 180,252 jobs total employment impacts came to 271,940 jobs (Table 1, Figure 3). Total value added impacts were $15.053 billion (Table 1, Figure 4). Total labor income impacts were $9.827 billion, total other property-income impacts were $4.364 billion, total taxes on production imports impacts were $862 million. The leading sector in this group was Lscape horticultural services, with total value added impacts of $5.892 billion total employment impacts of 140,053 jobs, followed by Phosphatic fertilizer manufacturing ($5.312 billion; 48,820 jobs); Pest control services ($1.388 billion; 46,041 jobs); Veterinary Services ($1.736 billion; 30,205 jobs). Other minor sectors in this group included Fertilizer mixing, Nitrogenous fertilizer manufacturing, Pesticide other agricultural chemical manufacturing. Food Kindred Products Manufacturing is a large industry group with 45 individual sectors that are primarily engaged in converting unrefined agricultural commodities into food products for final consumption or use. In 2015, this industry group had direct output of $26.829 billion, exports of $11.135 billion, output impacts of $40.866 billion. Direct employment was 59,323 jobs total employment impacts were 151,432 jobs. The industry group had total value added impacts of $13.898 billion, labor income impacts of $7.575 billion, other property income impacts of $5.072 billion, total taxes on production imports impacts were $1.252 billion (Table 1, Figures 2-4). Among individual sectors, the highest value added employment impacts were for Bottled canned soft drinks water ($3.345 11

billion; 35,494 jobs); Tobacco product manufacturing ($1.450 billion; 1,371 jobs); Bread bakery product, except frozen, manufacturing ($1.016 billion; 22,660 jobs); Canned fruits vegetable manufacturing ($1.384 billion; 16,192 jobs); Frozen fruits, juices, vegetables manufacturing ($1.018 billion; 12,193 jobs); Breweries ($1.201 billion; 11,062 jobs). Other sectors with significant value added impacts included: Sugar cane mills refining ($856 million); Distilleries ($633 million); Other animal food manufacturing ($523 million); All other food manufacturing ($313 million); Flour milling ($169 million); Coffee tea manufacturing ($157 million); Seafood product preparation packaging ($151 million); Fluid milk manufacturing ($148 million). Forest Products Manufacturing is a group of industries that processes raw timber or wood into finished wood paper products. In 2015, this industry group had direct output valued at $8.878 billion, exports of $5.941 billion, total output impacts of $16.307 billion. This group had direct employment of 22,239 jobs, which led to total employment impacts of 73,040 jobs. It generated total value added impacts of $6.550 billion, total labor income impacts of $3.923 billion, total other property income impacts of $2.189 billion, total impacts from taxes on production imports of $438 million (Table 1, Figures 2-4). Leading sectors within this group in terms of value added employment impacts were Paperboard container manufacturing ($1.170 billion; 13,341 jobs); Sanitary paper products manufacturing ($1.087 billion; 9,146 jobs); Paper mills ($931 million; 9,393 jobs); Paperboard mills ($746 million; 7,765 jobs). Other sectors with significant value added impacts included Pulp mills ($670 million); Engineered wood member truss manufacturing ($505 million); Paper bag coated/treated paper manufacturing ($327 million); Stationery product manufacturing ($292 million); Sawmills ($183 million). Mining is a natural resource-based activity for the extraction of basic mineral commodities such as oil, natural gas, stone, s, gravel, clay, phosphate, a variety of metals. In 2015, the mining industries in Florida collectively had direct output of $4.255 billion, exports of $1.958 billion, total output impacts of $7.119 billion. This industry group had direct employment of 28,874 jobs, total employment impacts of 48,826 jobs, total value added impacts of $2.651 billion, labor income impacts of $1.678 billion, other property income impacts of $730 million, taxes on production imports impacts of $244 million (Table 1, Figures 2-4). The largest individual sector in terms of employment was Extraction of natural gas crude petroleum, which generated total employment impacts of 18,621 jobs value added impacts of $224 million. Other individual sectors with significant total value added employment impacts included Phosphate rock mining ($1.006 billion; 8,731 jobs); Stone mining quarrying ($611 million; 5,715 jobs); S gravel mining ($440 million; 4,736 jobs). Other minor sectors in this industry group were Drilling oil gas wells; Support activities for oil gas operations; Other metal ore mining; Other nonmetallic minerals. Nature-Based Recreation includes recreational activities generally tied to natural resources or managed lscapes, such as golf recreational fishing. In 2015, this industry group in Florida had a direct output of $1.913 billion; exports or sales to Florida visitors of $1.095 billion, total output impacts of $3.895 billion, direct employment of 27,925 jobs, total employment impacts of 42,475 jobs, total value added impacts of $2.336 billion, labor income impacts of $1.477 billion, other property income impacts of $729 million, taxes on production imports impacts of $130 million (Table 1, 12

Figures 2-4). Golf courses were the dominant sector in this group, with total value added impacts of $2.331 billion employment impacts of 42,380 jobs. Note that these estimates do not include recreational use of public beaches in Florida. Food Kindred Products Distribution includes activities for wholesale retail trade in agricultural, food, related products. This group of industry sectors is only indirectly related to agriculture natural resources because it serves to deliver products to final consumers, but it is included here for a perspective on the scope of the complex market chain for food kindred products. In 2015, this industry group in Florida had a direct output of $89.000 billion, exports of $22.818 billion, total output impacts of $130.444 billion. It generated direct employment of 1,167,295 jobs, total employment impacts of 1,471,440 jobs, total value added impacts of $78.833 billion, total labor income impacts of $48.699 billion, other property income impacts of $20.639 billion, taxes on production imports impacts of $9.495 billion (Table 1, Figures 2-4). Collectively, this group represented about 59.7 percent of total value added impacts 64.8 percent of total employment impacts for all industries included in this report. Among individual sectors within this group, Limited-service restaurants had the greatest value added impacts ($21.681 billion), followed by Wholesale trade in food kindred products ($21.021 billion); Full-service restaurants ($19.058 billion); Retail food beverage stores ($11.210 billion). The largest employment impacts were generated by Full-service restaurants (508,511 jobs); Limited-service restaurants (381,967 jobs); Retail food beverage stores (232,749 jobs). Excluding sectors for Food Kindred Products Distribution, the total economic values for all other agriculture, natural resources, related food industries were $71.713 billion in direct output, exports of $37.711 billion, output impacts of $122.926 billion, direct employment of 448,940 jobs, total employment impacts of 800,672 jobs, value added impacts of $53.202 billion, labor income impacts of $32.340 billion, other property income impacts of $17.358 billion, tax on production imports impacts of $3.505 billion (Table 1). Contribu<ons (Billion Dollars) Crop, Livestock, Forestry & Fisheries Produc<on Agricultural Inputs & Services Food & Kindred Products Manufacturing Forest Products Manufacturing 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Direct Indirect/Induced Mining Food & Kindred Products Distribu<on Nature-based Recrea<on Figure 2. contributions by agriculture, natural resources, food industry groups in Florida in 2015 Source: IMPLAN data for Florida (IMPLAN Group, LLC 2016). 13

nt Contribu<ons (Thous Jobs) 0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 Crop, Livestock, Forestry & Fisheries Production Agricultural Inputs & Services Food & Kindred Products Manufacturing Forest Products Manufacturing Direct Indirect-Induced Mining Food & Kindred Products Distribution Nature-based Recreation Figure 3. nt contributions by agriculture, natural resources, food industry groups in Florida in 2015 Source: IMPLAN data for Florida (IMPLAN Group, LLC 2016). Figure 4. Gross State Product (GSP) contributions by agriculture, natural resources, food industry groups in Florida in 2015 Source: IMPLAN data for Florida (IMPLAN Group, LLC 2016). Estimates include regional multiplier effects. 14

15 FE1020 Table 1. Summary of economic contributions of agriculture, natural resources, food industry groups sectors in Florida in 2015 Group / Sector nt Full-time/Part-time Jobs (Revenue) Direct Direct Labor Income Other Property Income Tax on Production Imports Crop, Livestock, Forestry & Fisheries Production 130,327 212,959 11,276.6 22,429.4 7,220.2 12,714.7 7,861.3 4,274.6 578.9 Fruit 30,309 43,709 1,768.3 3,555.8 1,115.6 2,144.4 1,391.5 672.7 80.2 Support activities for agriculture forestry 26,786 46,015 1,884.6 4,528.6 1,619.9 3,071.1 1,689.0 1,235.2 146.9 Greenhouse, nursery, floriculture production 19,502 34,535 2,000.5 3,998.1 1,198.2 2,255.4 1,564.7 602.9 87.7 All other crop 10,473 12,991 395.8 739.6 228.6 380.4 253.5 111.4 15.6 Beef cattle ranching, including feedlots dualpurpose ranching 9,288 14,501 863.2 1,534.1 523.8 532.3 307.4 212.4 12.5 Vegetable melon 9,258 17,957 1,325.1 2,506.2 751.1 1,485.3 911.9 519.3 54.1 Commercial fishing 8,062 11,481 313.2 767.2 259.0 579.2 270.1 245.8 63.3 Animal production, except cattle poultry eggs 3,920 4,895 294.9 424.9 93.2 196.5 134.8 48.9 12.8 Commercial logging 3,492 4,323 268.1 380.3 76.9 218.0 187.3 18.9 11.9 Sugarcane sugar beet 3,192 7,956 561.1 1,212.2 406.7 634.7 422.6 183.5 28.5 Dairy cattle milk production 2,269 5,624 705.6 1,171.1 372.0 516.2 281.0 212.8 22.4 Forestry, forest products, timber tract production 1,510 3,486 149.7 398.2 149.7 241.6 178.7 48.3 14.7 Poultry egg production 1,160 2,608 561.6 785.2 258.0 219.5 145.1 60.4 13.9 Commercial hunting trapping 566 1,194 71.0 155.9 53.7 109.2 45.2 56.7 7.2 Cotton 275 857 52.4 131.6 52.4 72.3 46.4 22.3 3.6 Grain 216 658 49.2 111.7 49.2 45.1 23.6 18.5 3.0 Oilseed 20 109 9.5 21.7 9.5 9.5 5.7 3.2 0.6 Tree nut 16 33 1.6 3.8 1.4 2.4 1.5 0.8 0.1 Tobacco 13 28 1.3 3.4 1.3 1.9 1.3 0.6 0.1 Agricultural Inputs & Services 180,252 271,940 18,562.9 32,311.0 10,361.2 15,052.9 9,826.6 4,364.3 862.0 Lscape horticultural services 111,899 140,053 5,909.3 9,782.0 2,280.5 5,892.0 4,323.6 1,338.6 229.8 Pest control services 38,855 46,041 1,387.1 2,353.5 533.8 1,387.5 1,085.3 246.1 56.1 Veterinary services 24,028 30,205 2,478.4 3,335.0 493.2 1,736.0 1,302.4 354.7 78.9 Phosphatic fertilizer manufacturing 2,768 48,820 6,682.3 14,062.8 6,456.8 5,311.6 2,714.7 2,152.3 444.5 Fertilizer mixing 1,351 1,351 925.2 925.2 0.0 213.4 110.2 93.6 9.6 Farm machinery equipment manufacturing 399 687 217.3 259.7 44.6 62.1 36.5 20.8 4.8 Lawn garden equipment manufacturing 387 567 195.8 224.5 32.8 42.3 29.1 11.4 1.8 Nitrogenous fertilizer manufacturing 327 2,135 455.6 748.3 281.7 205.4 111.4 73.4 20.5 Pesticide other agricultural chemical manufacturing 240 2,083 311.9 620.1 237.9 202.7 113.5 73.2 16.0 Food & Kindred Products Manufacturing 59,323 151,432 26,828.9 40,865.5 11,134.9 13,898.0 7,574.6 5,071.5 1,251.9 Bread bakery product, except frozen, manufacturing 22,227 22,660 2,631.3 2,693.0 42.3 1,016.0 726.2 161.6 128.3 Bottled canned soft drinks & water 5,970 35,494 4,568.0 9,231.9 3,840.6 3,344.6 1,957.8 1,141.1 245.7 All other food manufacturing 3,367 5,210 1,119.8 1,374.3 187.4 313.1 223.8 76.0 13.2

Group / Sector nt Full-time/Part-time Jobs (Revenue) Direct Direct 16 Labor Income Other Property Income Tax on Production Imports Canned fruits vegetables manufacturing 3,107 16,192 1,594.9 3,622.4 1,472.5 1,383.6 886.3 396.8 100.6 Frozen fruits, juices vegetables manufacturing 2,290 12,193 1,026.7 2,434.2 966.9 1,018.3 638.8 304.5 75.0 Seafood product preparation packaging 1,998 2,263 753.5 788.6 31.3 150.9 99.0 47.6 4.3 Breweries 1,669 11,062 1,431.3 2,833.3 1,097.9 1,201.3 618.6 434.0 148.7 Poultry processing 1,621 1,789 466.9 494.9 28.1 84.3 68.5 14.4 1.5 Fluid milk manufacturing 1,460 1,507 1,198.1 1,206.0 5.6 147.5 91.5 53.5 2.5 Cookie cracker manufacturing 1,367 1,421 485.7 494.0 6.7 119.8 71.4 46.2 2.2 Tobacco product manufacturing 1,174 1,371 3,444.2 3,475.5 20.0 1,449.6 127.6 1,112.5 209.5 Sugar cane mills refining 1,091 8,621 1,021.5 2,192.0 756.6 856.0 496.9 309.5 49.5 Coffee tea manufacturing 1,067 1,875 598.8 696.8 65.1 157.2 93.8 58.0 5.4 Frozen cakes other pastries manufacturing 1,052 1,205 157.5 180.1 16.6 59.0 37.9 12.2 8.9 Spice extract manufacturing 944 1,114 497.0 519.3 17.9 96.3 65.8 27.8 2.7 Meat processed from carcasses 938 1,052 491.6 506.7 15.5 63.1 44.9 15.2 3.1 Ice cream frozen dessert manufacturing 852 892 315.3 321.6 5.2 55.7 33.1 22.0 0.6 Other snack food manufacturing 731 830 466.1 480.0 11.8 112.3 41.9 68.5 1.8 Other animal food manufacturing 722 5,753 956.3 1,755.7 893.6 522.8 305.5 173.9 43.3 Frozen specialties manufacturing 658 1,839 227.9 409.8 191.0 133.7 87.6 36.2 9.9 Distilleries 515 5,180 563.6 1,224.8 456.0 633.4 285.0 215.7 132.6 Non-chocolate confectionery manufacturing 504 1,002 179.8 258.7 66.4 71.7 43.9 23.6 4.1 Animal, except poultry, slaughtering 500 1,006 353.1 412.4 40.8 63.9 35.9 24.3 3.7 Mayonnaise, dressing, sauce manufacturing 475 732 282.3 323.3 39.3 69.6 39.4 27.5 2.7 Wineries 438 1,320 125.5 250.2 74.4 99.6 65.4 27.2 7.0 Confectionery manufacturing from purchased chocolate 383 769 113.7 175.0 52.2 52.2 31.8 17.2 3.2 Manufactured ice 369 783 43.1 105.4 35.2 40.7 40.2-2.8 3.4 Rendering meat byproduct processing 268 384 149.4 167.4 12.4 25.7 19.5 5.0 1.3 Dry pasta, mixes, dough manufacturing 194 244 98.4 106.2 6.9 21.7 10.6 10.3 0.8 Chocolate confectionery manufacturing from cacao beans 171 416 107.7 142.9 29.8 29.3 16.4 11.0 1.9 Flour milling 169 1,730 251.4 495.0 197.0 169.4 99.3 56.7 13.4 Roasted nuts peanut butter manufacturing 167 267 112.1 127.3 12.6 32.6 12.4 19.4 0.8 Dog cat food manufacturing 166 712 207.3 293.9 109.7 58.7 31.8 22.7 4.2 Flavoring syrup concentrate manufacturing 145 172 249.5 253.6 4.0 49.9 8.9 40.6 0.4 Tortilla manufacturing 141 141 27.2 27.2 0.0 7.3 5.3 1.9 0.1 Dehydrated food products manufacturing 112 383 46.0 88.0 36.4 26.8 17.2 7.6 1.9 Fats oils refining blending 70 403 130.5 183.9 94.5 35.0 21.0 10.9 3.1 Canned specialties 66 456 52.2 109.0 52.2 36.2 22.0 11.5 2.7

Group / Sector nt Full-time/Part-time Jobs (Revenue) Direct Direct 17 Labor Income Other Property Income Tax on Production Imports Malt manufacturing 48 461 71.6 135.1 68.7 41.1 24.1 13.0 4.0 Cheese manufacturing 38 51 41.7 43.7 1.7 4.8 3.0 1.7 0.1 Dry, condensed, evaporated dairy product manufacturing 28 111 45.4 59.5 12.6 9.1 5.3 3.2 0.7 Rice milling 19 88 15.8 26.4 11.3 7.1 4.3 2.2 0.7 Creamery butter manufacturing 14 24 29.0 30.8 1.2 2.5 0.9 1.4 0.2 Soybean other oilseed processing 11 221 57.5 89.9 44.1 20.4 11.9 6.4 2.1 Wet corn milling 11 31 22.7 25.9 2.7 4.2 2.0 2.0 0.2 Forest Products Manufacturing 22,239 73,040 8,877.6 16,306.8 5,940.8 6,549.8 3,922.9 2,188.6 438.4 Engineered wood member truss manufacturing 3,464 7,407 735.0 1,318.1 363.4 505.1 355.2 110.1 39.8 Paperboard container manufacturing 2,992 13,341 1,405.2 2,882.5 1,405.2 1,169.8 740.1 333.5 96.3 Sawmills 2,190 2,871 609.0 700.4 48.5 183.1 139.0 37.1 7.0 Wood container pallet manufacturing 1,971 2,065 274.2 287.8 9.2 99.0 80.8 16.8 1.4 Sanitary paper product manufacturing 1,798 9,146 1,514.8 2,596.7 1,037.5 1,086.6 506.4 525.4 54.8 Other millwork, including flooring 1,783 1,845 378.2 387.1 5.4 131.5 87.6 40.9 3.1 Wood windows door manufacturing 1,323 1,346 280.0 283.4 2.2 86.5 64.7 19.6 2.3 Paper mills 1,090 9,393 921.1 2,158.1 921.1 931.3 531.3 325.4 74.6 All other miscellaneous wood product manufacturing 1,080 1,354 193.7 232.8 23.6 93.6 64.1 27.2 2.3 Pulp mills 861 7,487 670.1 1,632.2 670.1 695.8 422.6 223.8 49.4 Paper bag coated treated paper manufacturing 822 3,533 400.9 811.2 386.9 326.8 193.8 110.9 22.1 Paperboard mills 731 7,765 661.7 1,696.8 661.7 746.4 433.9 257.2 55.2 Stationery product manufacturing 710 3,088 300.0 643.9 293.6 291.9 176.6 96.9 18.3 Veneer plywood manufacturing 447 514 126.8 136.2 5.5 38.1 29.8 5.6 2.7 Wood preservation 430 552 218.8 237.3 12.1 53.2 27.5 23.9 1.8 All other converted paper product manufacturing 266 1,020 90.8 200.5 90.8 85.8 54.9 25.3 5.5 Cut stock, re-sawing lumber, planning 151 156 37.1 37.8 0.5 9.1 5.0 3.8 0.4 Reconstituted wood product manufacturing 130 157 60.1 64.0 3.5 16.1 9.7 5.2 1.3 Mining 28,874 48,826 4,254.6 7,118.9 1,958.2 2,650.7 1,677.7 729.5 243.6 Extraction of natural gas crude petroleum 17,840 18,621 1,302.5 1,409.6 117.5 223.5 291.4-83.7 15.8 Drilling oil gas wells 2,708 2,708 283.0 283.0 0.0 16.7 50.4-38.7 5.0 Extraction of natural gas liquids 1,708 1,708 431.2 431.2 0.0-275.4 37.5-321.2 8.3 S gravel mining 1,469 4,736 327.3 800.2 302.8 439.7 223.4 187.2 29.1 Stone mining quarrying 1,392 5,715 397.6 998.7 397.6 611.3 286.5 290.4 34.5 Phosphate rock mining 1,106 8,731 739.8 1,841.8 739.8 1,005.6 479.9 458.2 67.5 Support activities for oil gas operations 1,012 1,185 108.0 131.9 13.7 66.9 53.3 7.3 6.3 Coal mining 356 436 174.9 186.5 10.4 39.1 7.2 2.0 29.9 Other nonmetallic minerals 342 892 53.8 130.1 46.3 71.2 41.5 25.3 4.4 Other metal ore mining 341 2,262 284.3 575.1 203.3 291.6 114.9 148.7 28.0

Group / Sector nt Full-time/Part-time Jobs (Revenue) Direct Direct Labor Income Other Property Income Tax on Production Imports Other nonmetallic minerals services 161 397 20.7 53.4 18.9 29.1 19.1 7.5 2.5 Other clay, ceramic, refractory minerals mining 146 591 42.2 103.7 39.2 64.4 35.5 25.7 3.1 Iron ore mining 126 445 44.6 94.8 44.6 37.1 19.9 11.7 5.5 Gold ore mining 74 78 21.1 21.7 0.7 3.8 2.4 0.2 1.2 Potash, soda, borate mineral mining 49 209 17.0 41.1 17.0 17.9 9.5 6.6 1.7 Metal mining services 34 93 5.6 13.7 5.6 7.0 4.5 1.9 0.7 Other chemical fertilizer mineral mining 10 19 1.1 2.4 0.9 1.1 0.7 0.3 0.1 Food & Kindred Products Distribution 1,167,295 1,471,440 89,000.3 130,443.9 22,818.4 78,832.8 48,698.8 20,639.3 9,494.7 Full-service restaurants 416,748 508,511 20,935.5 33,591.4 7,124.4 19,057.5 14,962.7 2,190.0 1,904.9 Limited-service restaurants 314,567 381,967 26,952.6 36,278.0 5,633.7 21,680.9 9,794.0 9,851.0 2,035.9 Retail - Food beverage stores 201,194 232,749 13,120.0 17,376.3 2,191.9 11,210.4 7,240.9 2,510.9 1,458.6 All other food drinking places 145,967 158,203 6,758.6 8,417.4 918.2 5,349.7 4,743.8-140.6 746.5 Wholesale trade, food & kindred products 82,098 182,051 20,581.8 33,962.0 6,864.9 21,021.0 11,636.1 6,113.6 3,271.3 Retail lawn garden centers 6,720 7,958 651.8 818.8 85.3 513.2 321.3 114.4 77.6 Nature-based Recreation 27,925 42,475 1,912.9 3,894.6 1,095.4 2,336.2 1,476.7 729.4 130.1 Golf courses 27,862 42,380 1,908.6 3,885.9 1,093.0 2,331.0 1,473.4 727.8 129.8 Recreational fishing hunting guides 62 95 4.3 8.7 2.4 5.2 3.3 1.6 0.3 Crop, Livestock, Forestry & Fisheries Production 1,616,235 2,272,113 160,713.8 253,370.2 60,529.1 132,035.1 81,038.4 37,997.2 12,999.5 Total Excluding Food & Kindred Products Distribution 448,940 800,672 71,713 122,926 37,711 53,202 32,340 17,358 3,505 Source: IMPLAN data for Florida (IMPLAN Group, LLC 2016). Total impact estimates include regional multiplier effects. Economic Contributions by Agricultural Commodity Groups In addition to the industry groups noted above, information on economic contributions was reorganized to evaluate groups of food fiber commodities having identifiable market-chain linkages between producers, manufacturers, service sectors. In this section, some sectors are regrouped to reflect these linkages, with results summarized in Figures 5 6. Environmental Horticulture, which includes the sectors Greenhouse, nursery floriculture production; Lscape services; Retail lawn garden centers, had combined output impacts of $14.599 billion, value added impacts of $8.661 billion employment impacts of 182,546 jobs. Fruit Vegetable Farming Processing, including sectors for Fruit ; Vegetable melon ; Canned fruits vegetables manufacturing; Frozen fruits, juices, vegetables manufacturing, had output impacts of $12.119 billion, value added impacts of $6.032 billion employment impacts of 90,050 jobs. Livestock Farming Animal Products Manufacturing, including Dairy cattle milk production; Beef cattle ranching ; Poultry egg production; Animal production except cattle poultry; Poultry processing; Fluid milk manufacturing; Cheese manufacturing; Ice cream frozen desert manufacturing, had output impacts of $7.158 billion, value added impacts of $1.921 billion employment impacts of 18

34,442 jobs. Forestry Forest Products Manufacturing, which includes 20 sectors, had combined output impacts of $17.085 billion, value added impacts of $7.009 billion employment impacts of 80,849 jobs. Sugarcane Farming Refined Sugar Confections had output impacts of $3.981 billion, value added impacts of $1.644 billion employment impacts of 18,765 jobs. Fishing Seafood Products had output impacts of $1.556 billion, value added impacts of $730 million employment impacts of 13,745 jobs. Grain Oilseed Farming Processing had output impacts of $1.090 billion, value added employment impacts of $332 million 3,702 jobs. Contribu<ons (Billion Dollars) 0 5 10 15 20 Environmental Hor<culture Fruit & Vegetable Farming & Processing Forestry & Forest Product Manufacturing Livestock Farming & Animal Products Manufacturing Fishing & Seafood Products Sugarcane Farming, Refined Sugar & Confec<ons Grain & Oilseed Farming & Processing Direct Indirect/Induced Figure 5. contributions of agricultural commodity groups in Florida in 2015 Source: IMPLAN data for Florida. nt Contribu<ons (Thous Jobs) 0 50 100 150 200 Environmental Hor<culture Fruit & Vegetable Farming & Processing Forestry & Forest Product Manufacturing Livestock Farming & Animal Products Manufacturing Fishing & Seafood Products Sugarcane Farming, Refined Sugar & Confec<ons Direct Indirect-Induced Grain & Oilseed Farming & Processing Figure 6. nt contributions of agricultural commodity groups in Florida in 2015 Source: IMPLAN data for Florida. 19

Economic Contributions in Florida Regions Counties Regional economic contributions of agriculture, natural resources, food industries in 2015 were evaluated for all 67 Florida counties nine multi-county economic areas shown in Figure 7, with results summarized in Tables 2 3, Figures 8 11. added employment impacts were highest in the Miami-Ft. Lauderdale region ($43.498 billion; 718,788 jobs), followed by Orlo ($30.549 billion; 553,441 jobs), Tampa-St. Petersburg ($18.772 billion; 308,734 jobs), Sarasota-Bradenton ($12.344 billion; 239,056 jobs), Jacksonville ($11.676 billion; 178,302 jobs), Pensacola ($3.464 billion; 74,522 jobs), Tallahassee ($3.109 billion; 59,031 jobs), Gainesville ($2.805 billion; 60,363 jobs), Panama City ($1.876 billion; 36,550 jobs). Among individual Florida counties, the nine largest in terms of employment value added impacts in 2015 were Miami-Dade (273,336 jobs; $17.325 billion), Orange (199,200 jobs; $12.748 billion), Broward (188,484 jobs; $10.913 billion), Hillsborough (180,161 jobs; $12.695 billion), Palm Beach (172,133 jobs; $10.600 billion), Duval (122,095 jobs; $8.612 billion), Polk (108,340 jobs; $7.898 billion), Pinellas (89,083 jobs; $4.442 billion), Lee (76,765 jobs; $3.933 billion). Nineteen additional counties had total value added impacts exceeding $1 billion in 2015, including Manatee ($2.680 billion), Collier ($2.671 billion), Seminole ($2.481 billion), Sarasota ($2.150 billion), Volusia ($1.955 billion), Brevard ($1.832 billion), Escambia ($1.553 billion), Lake ($1.433 billion), Marion ($1.427 billion), Martin ($1.163 billion), St. Lucie ($1.228 billion), Bay ($1.382 billion), Leon ($1.269 billion), Alachua ($1.232 billion), Osceola ($1.141 billion), Pasco ($1.140 billion), St. Johns ($1.122 billion), Indian River ($1.094 billion), Okaloosa ($1.038 billion). Also, in addition to the top nine counties listed above, an additional 28 counties had employment impacts of 10,000 jobs or greater. Thematic maps of the employment contributions value added (GDP) for Florida counties are shown in Figures 10 11, respectively. Note that although the economic contributions of agriculture related industries may be smaller in absolute terms in many of the rural counties in the northern part of the state the interior of the Florida peninsula, their contributions may be more important in relative terms because these industries represent a higher share of total economic activity. Additional detailed information on economic contributions of specific industries in individual Florida counties is provided in the Appendix. 20

Figure 7. Map of Florida economic regions Adapted from U.S. Commerce Department, Bureau of Economic Analysis (Johnson Kort 2004). 21

Figure 8. nt contributions of agriculture, natural resources, food industries in Florida regions in 2015 Source: IMPLAN data for Florida counties. Estimates include regional multiplier effects. Figure 9. GDP contributions of agriculture, natural resources, food industries in Florida regions in 2015 Source: IMPLAN data for Florida counties. Estimates include regional multiplier effects. 22

125,000 275,000 50,000 124,999 20,000 49,999 7,500 19,999 0 7,499 Emp_ Figure 10. Map of employment contributions by agriculture, natural resources, food industries in Florida counties in 2015 Estimates represent full-time part-time jobs, include regional multiplier effects. Source: IMPLAN data for Florida ESRI ArcMap 10.4.1 software. 4,999 20,000 2,500 4,999 850 2,499 350 849 0 349 Emp_ Figure 11. Map of GDP contributions by agriculture, natural resources, food industries in Florida counties in 2015 s are expressed in millions of dollars, include regional multiplier effects. Source: IMPLAN data for Florida ESRI ArcMap 10.4.1 software. 23

Table 2. Summary of economic contributions of agriculture, natural resources, food industries in Florida regions counties in 2015 Region-County nt (Full-time, Part-time Jobs) (Revenue) Direct Impact Direct Impact 24 Labor Income Other Property Income Tax on Production Imports Miami-Fort Lauderdale 508,614 718,788 49,554 78,995 20,543 43,498 27,603 11,822 4,282 Broward 137,083 188,484 12,487 19,514 4,155 10,913 6,811 2,849 1,236 Glades 1,362 2,157 192 291 110 129 74 49 6 Hendry 7,347 13,604 909 1,650 697 847 586 217 43 Indian River 12,825 18,152 1,154 1,908 567 1,094 688 334 79 Martin 17,710 24,617 1,432 2,291 660 1,163 740 325 117 Miami-Dade 191,089 273,336 19,562 31,040 8,104 17,325 10,918 4,726 1,757 Monroe 13,415 18,437 979 1,643 600 883 625 180 87 Okeechobee 4,347 7,868 796 1,324 592 544 333 174 36 Palm Beach 123,436 172,133 12,044 19,334 5,058 10,600 6,828 2,967 921 Orlo 411,608 41,808 20,468 60,752 553,441 30,549 18,246 9,288 3,015 Brevard 36,544 42,232 2,633 3,347 510 1,832 1,159 459 214 Citrus 7,656 8,990 523 675 126 340 202 95 40 Flagler 5,888 6,710 399 497 102 280 175 76 27 Hardee 4,036 6,910 483 843 352 445 258 161 24 Highls 8,523 12,533 756 1,279 392 679 428 204 47 Lake 23,715 32,531 2,097 3,156 938 1,433 897 394 139 Marion 24,359 31,493 2,017 2,885 781 1,427 827 451 145 Orange 138,885 199,200 13,576 22,535 7,376 12,748 7,607 4,057 1,154 Osceola 18,976 24,072 1,559 2,235 655 1,141 721 294 123 Polk 49,480 108,340 9,859 18,290 6,543 7,898 4,507 2,632 753 Seminole 32,494 43,778 2,981 4,560 1,003 2,481 1,519 684 270 St Lucie 17,190 23,362 1,657 2,483 659 1,228 716 381 124 Sumter 7,962 9,579 712 915 313 388 256 99 33 Volusia 35,900 44,254 2,557 3,615 719 1,955 1,232 507 217 Tampa-St. Petersburg 219,281 308,734 22,968 36,234 9,866 18,772 11,375 5,532 1,905 Herno 10,369 12,467 814 1,061 260 495 284 148 60 Hillsborough 114,064 180,161 14,616 24,786 7,716 12,695 7,559 3,939 1,198 Pasco 23,536 27,022 1,825 2,277 430 1,140 726 266 136 Pinellas 71,312 89,083 5,714 8,110 1,460 4,442 2,805 1,180 511 Sarasota-Bradenton 179,938 239,056 14,553 22,595 5,751 12,344 8,084 3,145 1,159 Charlotte 10,895 12,943 740 979 185 523 374 90 60 Collier 38,424 50,142 3,043 4,698 1,127 2,671 1,832 616 224 De-Soto 3,631 5,658 468 775 297 387 216 151 16 Lee 58,898 76,765 4,409 6,814 1,636 3,933 2,533 1,051 386 Manatee 33,445 49,085 3,351 5,482 1,678 2,680 1,717 726 247 Sarasota 34,645 44,463 2,543 3,847 827 2,150 1,413 511 227 Jacksonville 122,183 15,398 8,154 23,533 178,302 11,676 6,496 3,983 1,197 Baker 185 214 37 41 0 11 7 3 1 Clay 11,689 13,396 829 1,027 158 507 291 129 83 Duval 80,028 122,095 10,756 17,126 6,026 8,612 4,696 2,998 913

Region-County nt (Full-time, Part-time Jobs) (Revenue) Direct Impact Direct Impact Labor Income Other Property Income Tax on Production Imports Nassau 6,584 13,030 1,009 1,888 691 861 524 259 76 Putnam 4,541 8,937 1,122 1,738 633 781 375 350 45 St Johns 19,157 23,411 1,646 2,222 646 1,122 706 327 110 Pensacola 58,639 74,522 4,421 6,544 1,766 3,464 2,161 579 377 Escambia 23,080 30,670 1,869 2,897 695 1,553 941 450 171 Okaloosa 18,808 23,223 1,259 1,848 540 1,038 657 285 106 Santa Rosa 8,993 10,277 653 820 148 372 240-284 48 Walton 7,759 10,353 640 980 383 501 324 129 51 Gainesville 46,937 60,363 4,701 6,465 2,139 2,805 1,762 779 260 Alachua 26,869 32,445 1,702 2,340 470 1,232 762 331 143 Bradford 2,231 3,870 372 587 270 254 108 115 29 Columbia 5,037 6,082 598 770 107 282 190 64 25 Dixie 1,387 1,852 201 262 140 97 66 25 6 Gilchrist 1,510 2,322 207 324 158 150 119 24 8 Lafayette 662 1,061 155 224 127 85 53 27 4 Levy 3,241 4,373 263 396 146 204 130 58 16 Suwannee 5,169 7,265 1,083 1,410 654 453 307 119 26 Union 830 1,092 120 153 68 46 27 16 3 Tallahassee 42,104 59,031 4,988 7,494 2,947 3,109 1,833 993 293 Franklin 1,162 1,394 118 142 81 54 37 11 6 Gadsden 3,590 5,009 333 489 193 242 179 40 21 Hamilton 1,261 3,557 1,118 1,729 922 457 165 247 34 Jefferson 1,399 1,875 105 161 64 79 63 11 5 Leon 27,807 33,250 1,746 2,384 568 1,269 784 355 158 Liberty 810 1,202 228 294 158 94 52 36 5 Madison 1,877 2,989 362 514 270 160 97 48 14 Taylor 2,584 7,946 877 1,665 661 702 427 229 44 Wakulla 1,616 1,808 100 117 31 52 30 16 6 Panama City 25,828 36,550 2,268 3,687 1,157 1,876 1,117 586 186 Bay 17,356 25,452 1,518 2,621 781 1,382 847 408 143 Calhoun 957 1,250 72 104 33 49 26 18 6 Gulf 886 1,068 70 92 23 54 29 20 5 Holmes 1,442 1,828 106 149 56 59 33 19 7 Jackson 3,787 5,141 387 561 209 259 141 97 19 Washington 1,400 1,811 114 161 54 73 41 25 7 Gr Total 1,615,133 2,272,112 160,660 253,370 72,791 132,035 81,038 37,997 12,999 s are expressed in millions of dollars. Impact estimates include regional multiplier effects. Source: IMPLAN data for Florida counties (IMPLAN Group, LLC 2016). 25

Table 3. nt contributions of agriculture, natural resources, food industry groups in Florida regions counties in 2015 Region-County Agricultural Inputs & Services Crop, Livestock, Forestry & Fisheries Production Food & Kindred Products Distribution Food & Kindred Products Manufacturing 26 Forest Products Manufacturing Mining Naturebased Recreation Miami-Fort Lauderdale 55,341 33,593 380,323 19,663 3,854 6,754 9,087 508,614 Broward 14,680 1,427 112,173 5,058 715 1,124 1,906 137,083 Glades 289 872 104 0 0 95 1 1,362 Hendry 212 5,455 1,213 444 4 10 8 7,347 Indian River 1,878 2,405 7,379 308 19 287 549 12,825 Martin 2,502 2,626 10,109 469 136 1,242 625 17,710 Miami-Dade 16,695 9,562 151,131 8,563 2,113 1,422 1,603 191,089 Monroe 1,094 974 10,361 372 7 235 373 13,415 Okeechobee 414 2,027 1,553 209 11 109 24 4,347 Palm Beach 17,576 8,245 86,299 4,239 850 2,229 3,997 123,436 Orlo 83,141 56,634 369,111 47,931 15,401 12,952 8,814 593,985 Brevard 4,622 874 29,070 620 150 440 769 36,544 Citrus 1,274 777 5,089 123 76 90 228 7,656 Flagler 1,309 358 3,949 65 53 38 115 5,888 Hardee 224 2,836 650 86 58 165 17 4,036 Highls 928 3,887 3,455 97 14 4 138 8,523 Lake 3,709 3,302 13,845 1,517 92 496 754 23,715 Marion 3,110 4,830 14,189 875 406 413 537 24,359 Orange 12,194 2,915 115,636 5,117 704 750 1,568 138,885 Osceola 2,050 577 15,079 569 189 78 434 18,976 Polk 6,264 7,258 26,773 5,143 2,383 1,229 430 49,480 Seminole 5,047 447 24,901 1,044 674 33 348 32,494 St Lucie 2,536 2,046 10,779 880 460 179 309 17,190 Sumter 752 1,571 4,992 292 162 68 124 7,962 Volusia 3,837 2,300 28,087 747 110 288 532 35,900 Tampa-St. Petersburg 23,823 14,885 165,539 8,354 1,994 1,960 2,727 219,281 Herno 1,299 857 7,669 301 31 32 179 10,369 Hillsborough 11,985 11,708 81,419 5,623 1,305 940 1,085 114,064 Pasco 3,034 1,688 17,646 632 84 100 352 23,536 Pinellas 7,505 631 58,806 1,798 574 888 1,110 71,312 Sarasota- Bradenton Gr Total 25,250 18,226 119,865 4,092 1,253 4,771 6,481 179,938 Charlotte 1,330 1,090 7,692 152 105 242 283 10,895 Collier 5,841 4,934 23,603 347 128 1,353 2,217 38,424 De-Soto 303 2,282 776 256 0 1 14 3,631 Lee 7,760 4,138 41,742 1,061 418 1,691 2,088 58,898 Manatee 4,138 5,189 20,594 1,874 386 618 645 33,445 Sarasota 5,878 592 25,457 402 216 867 1,233 34,645 Jacksonville 15,238 6,474 110,906 19,095 22,084 4,831 2,456 181,084 Baker 8 23 56 70 10 18 0 185 Clay 1,651 820 8,799 187 19 66 146 11,689 Duval 8,259 984 61,654 4,530 2,381 1,286 934 80,028

Region-County Agricultural Inputs & Services Crop, Livestock, Forestry & Fisheries Production Food & Kindred Products Distribution Food & Kindred Products Manufacturing Forest Products Manufacturing Mining Naturebased Recreation Nassau 690 836 3,778 73 1,019 8 180 6,584 Putnam 336 833 2,132 99 1,027 91 22 4,541 St Johns 1,714 778 13,485 407 260 1,956 556 19,157 Pensacola 5,547 3,115 46,392 903 673 1,371 638 58,639 Escambia 1,964 957 18,760 293 442 463 202 23,080 Okaloosa 1,635 630 15,508 274 15 442 305 18,808 Santa Rosa 1,064 879 6,232 178 119 447 73 8,993 Walton 884 650 5,892 158 97 20 58 7,759 Gainesville 3,612 11,613 24,802 2,426 1,327 2,922 235 46,937 Alachua 2,148 4,440 17,190 312 374 2,273 131 26,869 Bradford 257 497 1,008 82 83 293 11 2,231 Columbia 262 1,110 3,170 267 110 99 20 5,037 Dixie 78 413 318 6 469 95 6 1,387 Gilchrist 158 962 288 27 19 40 16 1,510 Lafayette 30 431 142 21 21 17 0 662 Levy 195 1,588 1,277 70 38 41 32 3,241 Suwannee 441 1,812 1,244 1,622 8 38 5 5,169 Union 42 358 165 20 204 27 13 830 Tallahassee 4,189 6,738 25,173 1,034 1,888 2,861 220 42,104 Franklin 49 116 799 173 1 5 18 1,162 Gadsden 493 1,458 997 62 324 239 17 3,590 Hamilton 465 536 242 8 1 0 8 1,261 Jefferson 172 803 324 13 3 71 12 1,399 Leon 2,354 1,912 20,695 310 29 2,381 126 27,807 Liberty 0 193 158 21 439 0 0 810 Madison 167 867 490 268 74 11 1 1,877 Taylor 135 623 624 128 1,000 59 14 2,584 Wakulla 354 230 844 52 17 95 24 1,616 Panama City 1,845 3,598 18,085 339 1,010 555 396 25,828 Bay 1,356 602 14,111 191 563 185 348 17,356 Calhoun 68 402 409 12 24 42 0 957 Gulf 48 140 586 8 17 71 16 886 Holmes 114 729 518 19 8 43 11 1,442 Jackson 206 1,142 1,792 70 397 172 8 3,787 Washington 54 583 669 38 1 42 13 1,400 Gr Total 180,122 130,018 1,166,579 59,351 22,246 28,892 27,925 1,615,133 Impact estimates include regional multiplier effects. Source: IMPLAN data for Florida counties (IMPLAN Group, LLC 2016). Gr Total 27

Share of Florida Gross Product nt The relative importance of agriculture, natural resources, food industries in Florida can be gauged by their share of overall economic activity in the state. Among 17 major industry groups, Agriculture, Natural Resources, Food industries were ranked first in Florida in terms of direct employment (Figure 12), were second only to the Real Estate Rental group in terms of direct value added or Gross State Product (GSP) in 2015 (Figure 13). The GSP of Agriculture, Natural Resources, Food industries in Florida ($78.586 billion) represented 8.8 percent of GSP ($895.70 billion), the total value added contributions of the industry, including regional multiplier effects ($132.035 billion), represented 14.74 percent of GSP. Direct employment in Agriculture, Natural Resources, Food industries (1.616 million jobs) represented 14.10 percent of total employment in the state (11,462,660), total employment contributions of the industry (2.272 million jobs) represented 19.82 percent of all Florida jobs. Excluding the Food Kindred Products Distribution industry group, contributions of Agriculture, Natural Resources, Food industries represented 5.94 percent of state GDP 6.99 percent of state employment. The share of total value added employment contributions by Agriculture, Natural Resources, Food industries in each region of the State are shown in Figure 14. nt contributions of Agriculture, Natural Resources, Food industries represented over 20 percent of total employment in the Gainesville, Orlo, Panama City, Sarasota-Bradenton Tallahassee regions, while value added contributions represented over 15 percent of GDP in the Gainesville, Jacksonville, Orlo, Panama City, Sarasota-Bradenton Tallahassee regions. The share of overall county employment GDP contributed by Agriculture-Food industries in each Florida County are mapped in Figures 15 16, respectively, with greater relative contributions indicated by darker shading. Manufacturing, 302,868, 3% Travel, Entertainment Recrea<on, 412,926, 4% Educa<on, 608,287, 5% nt in Florida Industries, 2015 Wholesale Trade, 289,387, 3% Transporta<on, 360,722, 3% Construc<on, 620,882, 5% Informa<on Communica<ons, 176,131, 2% U<li<es, 24,867, 0% Agriculture, Natural Resources, Related, 1,616,235, 14% Health Care Social Services, 1,231,278, 11% Finance Insurance, 644,773, 6% Real Estate Rentals, 699,490, 6% Government non-naics, 715,113, 6% Other Services, 877,232, 8% Professional Technical Services, 1,003,399, 9% Retail Trade, 991,042, 9% Management Administra<ve Services, 904,073, 8% Figure 12. Direct employment by major industry groups in Florida in 2015 Number of full-time part-time jobs. Source: IMPLAN data for Florida 28

Gross Domes]c Product in Florida Industries, 2015 (Million Dollars) Wholesale Trade, 47,942.9, 5% Manufacturing, 33,995.0, 4% Informa<on Communica<ons, 34,980.8, 4% U<li<es, 14,600.2, 2% Agriculture, Natural Resources, Related, 78,267.6, 9% Educa<on, 36,613.3, 4% Transporta<on, 28,836.8, 3% Travel, Entertainment Recrea<on, 24,618.3, 3% Construc<on, 43,322.2, 5% Finance Insurance, 55,686.6, 6% Real Estate Rentals, 134,055.0, 15% Health Care Social Services, 77,412.1, 9% Professional Technical Services, 71,710.1, 8% Retail Trade, 54,328.9, 6% Management Administra<ve Services, 47,938.3, 5% Other Services, 36,106.8, 4% Government non- NAICS, 76,934.9, 9% Figure 13. GDP by major industry groups in Florida in 2015 s in millions of dollars. Source: IMPLAN data for Florida. Figure 14. Share of Gross State Product (GSP) employment contributions by agriculture, natural resources, food industries in Florida regions in 2015 Source: IMPLAN data for Florida counties. 29

50.0 100% 35.0 49.9% 20.0 34.9% 2.5 19.9% 0.0 2.4% Emp_ Figure 15. Map of share of employment contributions by agriculture, natural resources, food industries in Florida counties in 2015 Source: IMPLAN state/county data for Florida counties ESRI ArcMap 10.4.1 software. 60.0 120% 40.0 59.9% 20.0 39.9% 15.0 19.9% 0.0 14.9% Emp_ Figure 16. Map of share of Gross Product contributions by agriculture, natural resources, food industries in Florida counties in 2015 Source: IMPLAN state/county data for Florida counties ESRI ArcMap 10.4.1 software. 30