Colombia TOD NAMA Urban mitigation via national wide initiatives 15th CTI Workshop on market mechanisms at the urban level Berlín, 7 8 May 2015
Colombia is a Unitary Republic, decentralized, with autonomous territorial entities, participatory, and pluralistic. Population: 49 million GDP: USD 380 billions GDP per cápita: USD 8.000 GDP increased 4.3% a year between 2000 and 2012. About 30.6% of Colombians were under the poverty line in 2013 Literacy rate of 93% and life expectancy at 72 in 2012. Intention to join the OCDE National Budget 2015: USD 100 billions 15th CTI workshop on market mechanisms at urban level Berlín, 7 8 May 2015
Due to its geographical location, Colombia is highly vulnerable to climate change. In 2011 road infraestructure damage caused by La Niña rised at USD 3 billions 15th CTI workshop on market mechanisms at urban level Berlín, 7 8 May 2015
Transport sector contributes approximately 4% of the national GDP, and with 12% of the national GHG emissions. 6% Energy (without transport) 14% 25% Transport Industrial process 38% 5% 12% Farming Land use Waste processing 15th CTI workshop on market mechanisms at urban level Berlín, 7 8 May 2015
Transporte Emissions baseline from the Colombian Low Carbon development strategy 15th CTI workshop on market mechanisms at urban level Berlín, 7 8 May 2015
There is a National Low Carbon Development Strategy that has being developed since 2012 with the leadership of Ministry of Environment Sectorial Mitigation Action Plan (PAS) Main Policy Lines: 1. Sustainable and low carbon urban transport sistems 2. Freight Modal shift: from roads to rails and rivers 3. Freight logistics improvement 4. Non motorized modes promotion 5. Travel demand management initiatives. Transport NAMAS lined with the PAS 1. Transport Oriented Development NAMA 2. Renovation of Cargo Vehicles 3. Non motorized modes promotion/ Travel demand management 4. Credited NAMAS under PMR: Vehicle performance standard and energy efficiency for transit fleet Taller 15th de CTI arranque workshop operación on market de mechanisms crédito at urban level Berlín, 7 8 May 2015
Ministry of Transport (UMUS) support the design and implementation of low carbon transport projects in collaboration with international entities and multilateral banks 15th CTI workshop on market mechanisms at urban level Berlín, 7 8 May 2015
How does urban development drive transport sector emissions (and life quality)? Inequality, unsatisfied basic needs Accelerated urbanization Inefficient public transport Fast increase of private vehicle ownership particularly motorcycles Increasing travel time (congestion) Increasing use of informal transportation modes (paratransit), specially in twowheels vehicles (mototaxismo) Road traffic accidents 15th CTI workshop on market mechanisms at urban level Berlín, 7 8 May 2015
TOD concept has been proven to reduce driving and GHGs, to improve quality of life, to increase profitability for business and returns on public investments. Density: focused density to support high quality public transport (frequency & capacity). Mixed Land Uses: residential, commercial, employment, services, recreation. Pedestrian accessibility: safe and convenient pedestrian facilities (sidewalks, paths, street crossings) and design that enables efficient access to the mixed land uses. Regional accessibility: quick transit access to regional jobs, housing, shopping, services ITDP s 8 principles of transport in urban life, TOD Standard, ITDP 15th CTI workshop on market mechanisms at urban level Berlín, 7 8 May 2015
The TOD NAMA will multiply the GHG benefits of these investments and leverage planned investments in: Public transportation US$ 7 billion funding over the past decade (National, WB, IDB, CAF) US$ 2 billion planned in the next years US$ 2.5 billion projected for the Bogota Metro Social Housing US$ 2.3 billion over the past few years US$ 2.5 billion planned for the next few years Sustainable Cities US$ 500 million (IDB through Findeter) 15th CTI workshop on market mechanisms at urban level Berlín, 7 8 May 2015
Cartagena Barranquilla 8 Integrated Massive Transpor Systems (SITM) - BRTs Capacity building Capital cities and/or metropolitan areas with more than 600.000 inhabitants High demand / trunks and feeder routes. 6 in operation: Cali, Bogotá, Soacha, Pereira, Bucaramanga, Medellín, Barranquilla. 1 under construction: Cartagena 1 in design phase Cúcuta. Medellín Pereira Cali Bogotá y Soacha Cúcuta Bucaramanga 15th CTI workshop on market mechanisms at urban level Berlín, 7 8 May 2015
Santa Marta 12 Strategic Transport Systems (SETP) Local capacity building Municipalities with population between 250.000 and 600.000 inhabitans. Public spaces and high quality services in order to capture demand from informal/illegal services 7 under construction: Santa Marta, Pasto, Armenia, Popayán, Sincelejo, Montería, Valledupar. 5 in design phase: Neiva, Ibagué, Buenaventura, Manizales, Villavicencio Sincelejo Montería Manizales Armenia Ibagué Buenaventura Neiva Popayán Pasto Valledupar Villavicencio 15th CTI workshop on market mechanisms at urban level Berlín, 7 8 May 2015
TOD NAMA was presented before the NAMA Facility, which preapproved 14.7 million allocation for technical and financial assistance to specific urban projects. Estimated annual savings of 3.6 to 5.4 MMTCO 2 by 2040. (15-22% below base case) Through the NAMA, cities will overcome technical, policy and market barriers supported by National Government in the implementation of pilot projects. National Government commitment via Memorandum of Understanding signed on 13 th april/2015 by 4 Ministers and presidents of Findeter and CCAP
15th CTI workshop on market mechanisms at urban level Berlín, 7 8 May 2015
National Policy Studies and Recommendations Financial Cooperation KfW Technical Cooperation GIZ International level National level CCAP Technical Cooperation D.O Government of Colombia CIUDAT Board (9) Advisory Committee (10) FINDETER Implementing Agency CIUDAT Director of CIUDAT (11) FC Staff (12) TC Staff (13) National level Local level TOD Projects Local TOD Project Steering Committee Municipality Private Sector
CIUDAT has developed a set of evaluation criteria to transparently and efficiently select and prioritize requests for assistance Potential to reduce GHG emissions (45%) Project design that maximizes GHG reductions (mix of land uses, pedestrian prioritization, near high capacity public transit, public space..) (25%) Potential for replication (20%) Implementation context (30%) Coordinated local policies and Community support Public investments supportive of TOD in the target neighborhood Clear demonstration of positive social, environmental and economic impacts Market potential and Private sector partners Financial structure (25%) Leverage of private and international financing Use of value capture mechanisms Assessment of financial risks and planned activities to mitigate them A positive social rate of return
Preselected local projects: Cali Transformation of the old industrial center of Cali into a transit- and pedestrian-oriented Green Corridor. 2.300.000 hab. Metropolitan area 2.800.000 hab
Preselected local projects: Medellín Construction of a new Metro station between two existing stations to trigger station-area development in the under-utilized river valley which is targeted for redevelopment. 2.440.000 hab. Metropolitan Area: 3.740.000 hab
Preselected local projects: Manizales Pedestrian-oriented redevelopment of the historic town center. 422.000 hab
The biggest challenge, within the climate change framework, is to demonstrate the real emission reduction in open and complex systems as transport Implementation Progress Zoning changes, PPPs, policies (CONPES, Decree, PPP guidance ) Land Development and Travel Land use: % of development in TOD areas Travel: VKT/capita, mode share, trip length GHGs Estimate upfront, measure over time. Economic (household, business, governments) Investment in TOD areas, travel costs, infrastructure, tax revenues, property values, retail Social Household travel time, spending on transportation, health
Closing remarks 15th CTI workshop on market mechanisms at urban level Berlín, 7 8 May 2015
MRV = private and public transport databases + academic research + continuos improvement of data gathering Robust measurement can enhance policy performance 15th CTI workshop on market mechanisms at urban level Berlín, 7 8 May 2015
Co-benefits really matter 15th CTI workshop on market mechanisms at urban level Berlín, 7 8 May 2015
People is already claiming for more sustainable solutions, and interational mitigation scenario could be useful for seeking real transformational projects and engage civil society into mitigation actions. 15th CTI workshop on market mechanisms at urban level Berlín, 7 8 May 2015
There is a huge opportunity for giving the city to the citizens, specially to te childhood 15th CTI workshop on market mechanisms at urban level Berlín, 7 8 May 2015
Gracias Contacto: J. C. Florentino Márquez Ospina jflorentino@mintransporte.gov.co