Pesticide Stewardship Partnership Program: Protecting Water Quality through Collaboration Kevin Masterson (ODEQ) and Steve Riley (ODA) OSU Chemical Applicators Short Course January 7, 2014
Pesticide Stewardship Overview Overview, status & accomplishments Monitoring results & priorities
Pesticides in Oregon Multiple Products Over 900 registered active ingredients insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, antimicrobials Over 12,000 registered pesticide products agricultural pesticides, home products, pet products, mosquito repellents, cleaners, pool/spa chemicals, etc. a.i. Bifenthrin in > 150 products a.i. Fipronil in > 160 products
Pesticides in Oregon Multiple Use Sites Rural à Forestry à Right-of-way à Recreation à Landscaping à Urban à Homes
Pesticide Movement in the Environment The Source is Often Hard to Trace Multiple Routes of Entry Non- Point Sources Wide area Dri? Runoff Leaching Point Sources 1-2 locaeons Disposal sites Wells, sinkholes Storm drains
History of Monitoring for Pesticides in Oregon Water Numerous Studies Since Mid-1980 s
Monitoring for Pesticides in Oregon Water Pesticides often show up in the water. Detected in monitoring studies since mid-1980 s High frequency of detections in some areas Fortunately, most are at very low concentrations But, they commonly show up as mixtures
Collaborative Inter-Agency Approach 2007 Water Quality PesEcide Management Team Coordinate to prevent / reduce Currently registered pesticides in Surface and groundwater resulting from Agricultural and non-agricultural uses Awareness & Voluntary Collaborative Solutions
Oregon Pesticides of Interest (POIs) NaEonal List (EPA) 57 PesEcides of Interest + Local List (OR) 16 AddiEonal PesEcides 73 PesEcides of Interest (POIs) Selection Factors Pesticide properties persistence, toxicity, etc. Use (what, where, when) Historical detections Other weight-of-evidence
US-EPA and Oregon Pesticides of Interest (POI) & Concern (POC) (2012-13) Red = a POC 2 ; Yellow = Higher Priority POI 1 Under Review; Green = Evaluated, not a POC; White = Under Review or Not Evaluated; (example of registered product name) 2,4-D Acetochlor Alachlor Aldicarb Atrazine (Aatrex) Azinphosmethyl (Guthion) Benfluralin Bentazon Bifenthrin Bromacil Carbaryl (Sevin) Carbofuran Chlorothalonil Chlorpyrifos (Lorsban) Clopyralid Copper pesticides Cyfluthrin Cypermethrin Dacthal DBCP Deltamethrin Diazanon Dicamba Dicofol Dimethenamid Diuron (Karmex) Endosulfan Esfenvalerate Ethalfluralin Ethoprop (Mocap) Fenbutatin oxide Fipronil Flumetsulam Glyphosate Hexazinone Imazamethabenz Imazapyr Imidacloprid Isoxaflutole Lambda-cyhalothrin Lindane Linuron Malathion Mesotrione Metalaxyl Metolachlor (Parallel) Metribuzin (Tricor) Metsulfuron methyl (Ally) MSMA Myclobutanil Napropamide Norflurazone Oxyfluorfen PCP Pendimethalin Permethrin Phenoxy herbicides Phosmet Picloram Prometon Prometryn Propargite Propiconazole (Propimax) Simazine (Princep) Sulfometuron Methyl (Oust) Tebuthiuron Terbacil Thiamethoxam Tralkoxydim Triadimeton Triallate Triclopyr Trifluralin 1.. PesIcide of Interest (POI): potenial to occur at concentraions approaching or exceeding an established human health or environmental benchmark or standard 2. PesIcide of Concern (POC): approaching or exceeding an established human health or environmental benchmark or standard. Usually based on monitoring
OR Water Quality Pesticide Management Plan Assessment Process Select & PrioriEze PesEcides of Interest PrioriEze watersheds and/or poteneal sources PesEcide Stewardship Partnership (PSP) Monitoring Assessment of data Watershed Level Response/MiEgaEon AcEons Using data to determine decisions
WQPMT: Surface Water Priority Assessment Bins Highest Priority Detected ConcentraEon 100% of Established Benchmark Placement in sub- Bins dependent on deteceon frequency within and/or across watersheds. Moderate Priority Detected ConcentraEon between 50 to 100% of Established Benchmark Placement in sub- Bins dependent on deteceon frequency within and/or across watersheds. Lowest Priority Detected ConcentraEon <50% of Established Benchmark Placement in sub- Bins dependent on detecion frequency within and/or across watersheds.
3 Priority Bins : 2009 2012 Monitoring Data Highest Priority (3) Moderate Priority (9) Diuron (H): Karmex Chlorpyrifos (I): Lorsban Malathion (I) Lower Priority Atrazine (H): Aatrex Carbaryl (I): Sevin Chlorothalonil (F): Bravo Imidacloprid (I): Admire Metolachlor (H): Parallel Metribuzin (H): Tricor Propiconazole (F): Propimax Simazine (H): Princep Includes a number of commonly used pesticides Examples: Pendamethalin, Hexazinone Sulfometuron-methyl (H): Oust
PesEcide Types Detected 2009-2011 1000 79% Total Number of DetecEons 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 75% 17% 8% 77% 16% 7% 13% 8% Herbicides InsecEcides Fungicides 0 2009 2010 2011
PesEcide Stewardship Partnerships (PSPs) Collabora0ng at the watershed level
PesEcide Stewardship Partnerships (PSPs) Key Steps in Partnership Projects Monitor for current use pesecides in surface waters from dri? & runoff IdenEfy streams with elevated pesecide concentraeons or high # of deteceons Collaborate to implement voluntary management praceces Follow- up monitoring to determine improvements over Eme
Birth of the Pesticide Stewardship Partnership (PSP)-- Hood River 1999: Organophosphate (OP) insecticides detected above WQ Standards for fish 2000: Coordinated Program Developed State Agencies DEQ monitoring Local Stakeholders: Growers and Shippers, SWCD, WSC,, Irrigation Districts & Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs 2002-03: Voluntary Best Management Practices (BMPs) Implemented Application Practices, Buffers, etc. Outreach/Training Technical expertise, resources & pesticide management tools in place
Oregon Pesticide Stewardship Partnerships Grown to 7 Watersheds Since 2000 Wasco 7 Watersheds (major use focus) North/South Umpqua Amazon Creek ² ² ² ² ² ² ² Amazon Creek (urban; agriculture) Clackamas (agriculture; rural residential-urban) Hood River (agriculture & forestry) Pudding (agriculture) Walla Walla (agriculture) Wasco (agriculture) Yamhill (agriculture, urban, forestry)
PesEcide Stewardship Partnerships Key Partners Watershed Councils, SWCDs & NRCS Collect samples, work with landowners OSU Extension and Integrated Plant ProtecEon Center Watershed- based Integrated Pest Management & pesicide risk reducion aciviies Tribal Governments Collect samples, provide resource support Grower Groups & Ag Chemical Distributors Direct work with landowners, info on pesicide use State Departments of Environmental Quality, Agriculture, Forestry and Oregon Health Authority Laboratory and data analysis, project support and guidance
PSP Successes Significant ReducIons in agricultural insecicides in Eastern Oregon Watersheds Diuron (Karmex) and Chlorpyrifos (Lorsban) in Walla Walla Basin near Milton- Freewater Malathion in Wasco watersheds Chlorpyrifos and other OP insecicides in Hood River tributaries
0.9 Malathion in Wasco Watersheds 2011-2013 Median ConcentraEon of DetecEons 0.8 0.7 concentraeon (µg/l) 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 WQ Criteria = 0.1 u 0.1 0 2011 2012 2013
Liple Walla Walla River Distributaries (3 sites) Diuron (Karmex) - Average ConcentraEons Spring 2010-2013 1.8 1.6 Max = 18.9 ug/l EPA AquaIc Life Benchmark = 2.4 ug/l 1.4 1.2 concentraeon (ug/l) 1 0.8 Max = 6.4 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 Max < 0.1 ug/l 2010 2011 2012 2013
What Types of AcEons Have Been Implemented to Produce Results? Spray Dri> Reduc0on Trainings & Prac0ces Installa0on of Weather Sta0ons Use of Biological Controls (e.g., ma0ng disrup0on) Integrated Pest Management Training & Technical Assistance Use of Less Toxic Pes0cides Buffer Strips & Minimize Spraying near Streams
PSP Monitoring in Complex Watersheds 20+ pesicide ingredients oien found during one monitoring season in single watershed RelaIvely small number of benchmark exceedances, but high detecion frequency Wide array of ag and non- ag operaions that use many of the same pesicides
100 DetecEon Frequency Pudding PSP Spring and Fall 2012 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 over benchmark 50-100% 10-50% <10% 20 10 0
Mixtures with 4 PesEcides per Sample Percent of Samples 2009-2012 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 2009 2010 2011 2012 20% 10% 0% Clackamas Hood River Pudding Walla Walla Yamhill Wasco Amazon
Seasonal Papern of DetecEons Across Watersheds Example: Herbicide Diuron 2009-2011 70% DetecEon Frequency (%) 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Jan. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Sep. Oct. Nov.
Responding to PSP Monitoring Results: Remaining Program Challenges Reducing detecions in complex watersheds with diverse land uses and sources (Ag, urban, forestry, ROW, etc.) Linking cause of trends and effects of management acions Addressing mixtures of pesicides Much sill unknown about the biological impact of mixtures Ensuring monitoring capabiliees reflect current uses of pesicides Inclusion of widely used pesicides in lab analytes Include more sediment and groundwater
PesEcide- related Water Quality Management: Addressing Agency Resource Needs 2013 Oregon Legislature allocated resources: 1. To add 2 new watersheds to program and support monitoring in exisdng PSP watersheds * Propose adding two new monitoring sites in Pea/Wheat growing areas of Walla Walla Basin 2. To provide stewardship technical assistance for biennium * Through OSU Extension and Research being negoeated 3. To conduct pesdcide waste collecdon events during biennium (7 events over two years). * Propose funds to collect approximately 8,000 lbs from Walla Walla Valley growers
Potential Monitoring Locations
2013-2015 PesEcide Stewardship Program via the Water Quality PesEcide Management Team (WQPMT) Proposed Timeline Aug. 2013 - Jan. 2014 Ø PSP Planning Phase ü Develop the Work Plan ü IdenIfy & select potenial new PSP sub- basins/watersheds ü IdenIfy potenial locaions for pesecide colleceon events ü Modify exiseng PSP monitoring programs ü IdenIfy addieonal monitoring needs (sediment, groundwater, addiional pesicides, etc.) ü PrioriIze needs for technical assistance resources Dec. 2013 - Dec. 2014 Ø ImplementaEon Phase ü Network with stakeholders in new PSP candidate areas ü Begin reconnaissance monitoring in new PSP candidate areas ü Monitor in exiseng PSP locaeons ü Select 2 new PSP areas based on reconnaissance monitoring
Oregon Pesticide Stewardship Partnerships Potential New Sub-Basins/Watersheds for 2014-2015 Based on a high level qualitaeve review/assessment by the WQPMT Key criteria: 3 major land use categories (ag, urban & forestry) represented Wasco New PSP candidate locaions Middle Deschutes (Madras) Amazon Creek Lower Malheur (Ontario) North/South Coquille Umpqua (Bandon) South Umpqua (Roseburg) Middle Rogue Middle Rogue (Medford) 35
Benefits of Monitoring under the PSP Approach Data-driven à Creates Awareness (a feedback mechanism) Creates awareness feedback for pest management practices Focus on pesticides & locations with greatest concerns, and Shows where there are no problems Provides real-world data for decision-making and policy Clear environmental outcome measures Watershed-based à Locally-customized and implemented solutions Most effective set of actions for the area Local ownership of projects Multiple partnerships lessens the burden on any one entity
Increased Awareness Voluntary and Local Best Management PracEces
- Thank You - Questions