Seminar on carbon footprint management toolkit for sustainable low-carbon living Dr. Michael K.H. Leung 梁國熙 Associate Dean and Associate Professor Director, Ability R&D Energy Research Centre Organizer: Environmental Division, HKIE 6:30pm - 8:00pm, 31 July 2013; HKIE 1
Major Sources of Air Pollutant and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions Burning of fossil fuels Generation of electricity Transport 2
Hong Kong Air Pollution New Delhi Beijing Los Angeles 3
Climate Change 4
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Impacts of Climate Change 6
Hong Kong emits 42 million tonnes of Green House Gas every year. Per capita GHG emission is 6 tonnes per year. Per capita GHG emission: Australia (26 tonnes) USA (23 tonnes) UK (10 tonnes) Japan (10 tonnes) Singapore (9 tonnes) Hong Kong (6 tonnes) Major emission sources in HK: Electricity generation (60%) Transport (16%) Waste (12%) Proposed target for Hong Kong to reduce carbon intensity from the 2005 level by 50-60% by 2020. Download: http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/climate_change/files/climate_change_booklet_e.pdf 7
Carbon Audit Guideline for Buildings 8 8
Carbon Audit Guideline for SME 9
Carbon Audit Guideline for Households www6.cityu.edu.hk/aerc/cft 10
Objectives Carbon Footprint Management Toolkit for Sustainable Low Carbon Living: 1. To raise public awareness on GHG emissions and related environmental problems. 2. To promote sustainable low-carbon lifestyle. 3. To support general education in GHG management. 11
Carbon Footprint Management Toolkit Two main components: 1. Carbon Audit Guideline & 2. Carbon Calculator 12
Carbon Audit Guideline 13
GHG Emissions 14
GHG Emissions 15
Carbon Footprint Measure of environment impact we have in terms of GHG we produce. 16
Consumer Products - Lifecycle Assessment 17
Lifecycle Carbon Footprint Assessment of a Cotton T-Shirt - Raw Materials Cultivation of cotton from cotton seed requires various inputs including: water for irrigation, pesticides and fertilisers, and fuel for operation of farm machinery Cotton Seed Fertiliser Pesticide Water Fuel Waste Cotton 1.072 kg CO 2 -e 18
Lifecycle Carbon Footprint Assessment of a Cotton T-Shirt - Manufacturing Production of the cotton t-shirt involves energy intensive processes of ginning, spinning, weaving and finishing. Dye Finishing Weaving Spinning Ginning Waste 5.282 kg CO 2 -e 19
Lifecycle Carbon Footprint Assessment of a Cotton T-Shirt - Distribution T-shirts are imported from abroad, travelling an average distance of 620 kilometres before reaching Hong Kong. Import 0.004 kg CO 2 -e 20
Lifecycle Carbon Footprint Assessment of a Cotton T-Shirt - Consumer Use Consumers wash and dry their t-shirt over it s lifetime, using energy, water, fabric detergent and softener as part of the process. Water Detergent Washing Drying 7.080 kg CO 2 -e 21
Lifecycle Carbon Footprint Assessment of a Cotton T-Shirt - Disposal At the end of the t-shirt lifecycle, it cannot be recycled. Consumers dispose of it and it ends up in one of Hong Kong s landfills. Methane is released as the t-shirt anaerobically decomposes. Landfill 0.576 kg CO 2 -e Total Carbon Footprint: 14.014 kg CO 2 -e 22
Cotton Seed Dye Finishing Import Fertiliser Pesticide Water Fuel Weaving Spinning Water Detergent Washing Drying Ginning Transport Waste Cotton Transport Waste Transport Landfill Transport 1.072 kg CO 2 -e 5.282 kg CO 2 -e 0.004 kg CO 2 -e 7.080 kg CO 2 -e 0.576 kg CO 2 -e
Lifecycle Carbon Footprint Assessment of a 1kg Beef - Raw Material Breeding and upbringing of cattle requires inputs such as grain and water, as well as fuel for transporting inputs. Fertiliser Pesticide Water Feed Fuel Water Cattle 16 kg CO 2 -e 24
Lifecycle Carbon Footprint Assessment of a 1kg Beef - Manufacturing Cattle must then be slaughtered, processed and the final product is packaged to be ready for store shelves. Materials Packaging Processing Slaughter 0.094 kg CO 2 -e 25
Lifecycle Carbon Footprint Assessment of a 1kg Beef - Distribution The packaged beef product is kept in refrigerated rooms and displays after being imported to Hong Kong. The average kilogram of beef travels over 12,700km to Hong Kong. Import Cold Storage 0.350 kg CO 2 -e 26
Lifecycle Carbon Footprint Assessment of a 1kg Beef - Consumer Use The consumer cooks and eats the beef after purchasing from their local store or market. Cooking 0.102 kg CO 2 -e 27
Lifecycle Carbon Footprint Assessment of a 1kg Beef - Disposal Waste meat and contaminate packaging cannot be recycled in Hong Kong so it is disposed of in garbage and sent to landfill. Landfill 0.014 kg CO 2 -e Total Carbon Footprint: 16.560 kg CO 2 -e 28
Fertiliser Pesticide Water Import Transport Materials Packaging Cold Storage Feed Fuel Water Processing Cooking Cattle Transport Slaughter Transport Waste Transport Landfill 16 kg CO 2 -e 0.094 kg CO 2 -e 0.350 kg CO 2 -e 0.102 kg CO 2 -e 0.014 kg CO 2 -e
Clothing 30
Food & Beverages 31
Electrical Appliances & Electronic Products 32
Carbon Calculator 33
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Environmentally Friendly Tips 4Rs: Reduce Reuse Recycle Replace 40
www6.cityu.edu.hk/aerc/cft 41
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Acknowledgments This project is funded by the Sustainable Development Fund The Sustainable Development Fund was established by the Hong Kong Council for Sustainable Development for developing public awareness of the principals of sustainable development and encouraging sustainable practices in Hong Kong. 43
Acknowledgments Principal Investigator: Michael K.H. Leung Associate Professor and Associate Dean Director, Ability R&D Energy Research Centre Team Members: Chinese Translation: Simon C. Jewell Sam W.K. Cheng Karthikeyan Rengasamy Li Li Winnie P.Y. Lo School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong Kong 44