Country s flag The Electric Power System - Spain - Spanish Power System 1
Basic facts Area: 505 957 km 2 Population: 46 439 864 (2015) Number of TSOs: 1 Number of DSOs: 336 (source: MINETUR) 28 Mio. consumers (source: CNMC) Peak load: approx. 41 GW (2015) ; 46 GW (2007) (source: REE) Average interruption of electricity: 5,3 min (2014) (source: REE) Spanish Power System 2
Spain in the European meshed grid Interconnectors with: France Portugal Morocco Andorra Source : ENTSO-E Spanish Power System 3
Grid facts and characteristics Mainly 400 and 220 kv assets. Highly meshed transmission grid. High Psc. Limited exchange capability with other systems. Diversification of power generation technologies. Important contribution of renewable technologies. Up to 2.800 1.800-4.000 1.800-3.300 Up to 2.800 600 900 Values in MW. Spanish Power System 4
Structure of electrical power system Generators International Exchanges REE Ancilliary services bids Transmission network REE System Operator REE TSO (foreign) Outages Market Operator OMIE Demand bids Demand offers Distribution companies Suppliers Last resort suppliers Demand bids R ed de dis tribuc ión < 132 kv Consumers with/without last resort tariff Qualified consumers Daily and Intradaily Market S ubes tación de dis tribución Ancillary Services Communication Energy flows Source : REE Spanish Power System 5
DSO-Grid TSO-Grid 400 kv Structure of electrical power supply. Interface T-D [MVA transformation] TSO Bulk-Industry & Singular Consumers (High-Speed Train) 220-400 kv Conventional and Renewable Generation 220 kv 132 kv 20/10 kv Dispersed Generation Comercial Companies Households 220-380 V Industry Spanish Power System 6 6
Map of the high voltage grid Source : REE Spanish Power System 7
Information on TSO Name: REE Network length (km) : 39 905 Served area (km²) : 505 957 Annual energy consumption (TWh) : 243,5 Website: http://www.ree.es (source: REE) Spanish Power System 8
Information on TSO 1985 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 km of 400 kv circuit Red Eléctrica 9,860 18,792 19,671 20,109 20,639 21,094 Other companies 899 0 0 0 0 0 Total 10,759 18,792 19,671 20,109 20,639 21,094 km of < 220 kv circuit Red Eléctrica 4,069 17,291 17,891 18,260 18,558 18,702 Total km of the transmission grid Other companies 10,258 109 109 109 109 109 Total 14,327 17,401 18,001 18,370 18,667 18,811 Red Eléctrica 13,929 36,084 37,563 38,369 39,197 39,795 Other companies 11,157 109 109 109 109 109 Total 25,086 36,193 37,672 38,478 39,306 39,905 Busbars Red Eléctrica 373 3,762 3,961 4,150 4,295 4,360 Transformer capacity (MVA) Other companies 1,099 113 113 113 113 113 Total 1,472 3,875 4,074 4,263 4,408 4,473 Red Eléctrica 2,311 66,596 68,996 74,596 76,871 79,871 Other companies 26,616 0 0 0 0 0 Total 28,927 66,596 68,996 74,596 76,871 79,871 Source : REE Spanish Power System 9
Cooperation of TSO and DSOs Active power Set points Measurements TSO Network management RESCC 1 RESCC n TSO Generation management Limits Limits Real time measurements Measurements DSOs TSOs and DSOs calculate limits that apply to generators that contribute to a constraint. With this limits and the units involved, the TSO calculates the individual set-points according to regulation. Spanish Power System 10
Cooperation of TSO and DSOs Power factor regulation TSO Network management Power factor set points Transmission RESCC 1 TSO Generation management Set points RESCC n DSOs Power factor set points Distribution Scheme similar to active power. TSO Settlement Settlement Spanish Power System 11
Installed capacity with reference to primary resources (2014) Solar photovoltaic 4,3% Wind 22,3% Cogeneration and other nonrenewable 7,0% Solar thermoelectric Renewable 2,2% Combined cycle 24,8% thermal 1,0% Hydroelectric (1) 19,5% Nuclear 7,7% Coal 10,7% Fuel + gas 0,5% Technology MW % Hydroelectric (1) 19,897 19.5 Nuclear 7,866 7.7 Coal 10,972 10.7 Fuel + gas 520 0.5 Combined cycle 25,348 24.8 Wind 22,845 22.3 Solar photovoltaic 4,428 4.3 Solar thermoelectric 2,300 2.2 Renewable thermal 1,012 1.0 Cogeneration and other non-renewable Total 102,262 7,075 7.0 Source : REE Spanish Power System 12
Energy production with reference to primary ressources (2014) Wind 20,3% Cogeneration and other nonrenewable 10,2% Solar thermoelectric 2,0% Renewable Solar photovoltaic 3,1% Combined cycle 8,5% thermal 1,9% Coal 16,5% Hydroelectric (1) 15,5% Nuclear 22,0% Technology GWh % Hydroelectric (1) 38,790 15.5 Nuclear 54,925 22.0 Coal 41,139 16.5 Combined cycle 21,328 8.5 Cogeneration and other non-renewable 25,596 10.2 Wind 50,630 20.3 Solar photovoltaic 7,794 3.1 Solar thermoelectric 4,959 2.0 Renewable thermal 4,718 1.9 Total 249,880 Source : REE Spanish Power System 13
Development of generation capacity since 2005 120 000 100 000 80 000 60 000 40 000 20 000 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Hydroelectric (1) Coal Cogeneration and other non-renewable Fuel+gas Solar thermoelectric Nuclear Combined cycle Wind Solar photovoltaic Renewable thermal Source : REE Spanish Power System 14
Location of renewable energy sources Wind Photovoltaic Thermoelectric Spanish Power System 15
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Development of wind power 25 000 20 000 +13191 MW 22 617 22 845 21 026 19 569 18 723 22 845 15 000 13 529 15 977 10 000 9 654 11 290 5 000 0 Spanish Power System 16
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Development of photovoltaic power 5 000 4 500 +4385 MW 4 320 4 422 4 428 4 000 3 654 4 057 3 500 3 207 3 250 3 000 2 500 2 000 1 500 1 000 500 0 43 119 612 Spanish Power System 17
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Development of thermoelectric power 2 500 2 000 +2300 MW 1 950 2 300 2 300 1 500 1 000 999 500 0 0 11 11 61 232 532 Spanish Power System 18
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Development of mini-hydro power 2 500 2 000 1 695 1 796 1 871 1 981 2 022 2 036 2 042 2 042 2 105 2 105 1 500 1 000 500 0 Spanish Power System 19
Power balance in 2014 Generation (TWh): 253.6 Consumption (TWh): 243.5 International Imports (TWh): 3.6 International Exports (TWh): 7.0 Generation 253.6 TWh Comsumption 243.5 TWh Spanish Power System 20
Market coupling Day-ahead market: MIBEL P No congestion Spain-Portugal Uv E+P P m Uc E+P E b E Spanish Power System 21
Market splitting Day-ahead market: MIBEL Market Splitting: Congestion (i.e. Spain Portugal) P P P mp Uv P NTC P mp* Uv E NTC P me* P me Uc P Uc E E cp E E ce E Spanish Power System 22