Advancing Wind Power in Illinois AnnualConference 2012 Wind Energy 101 Matt Aldeman Center for Renewable Energy Illinois State University 1
Introduction to Wind Energy Matt Aldeman Senior Energy Analyst Center for Renewable Energy Illinois State University July 17, 2012
Center for Renewable Energy works to meet the growing need for education, outreach and research in the area of renewable energy. Three major functional areas: to enhance the renewable energy major at Illinois State University; to serve the Illinois renewable energy community by providing information to the public; to encourage applied research concerning renewable energy at Illinois State University and through collaborations with other universities.
Wind Energy Overview Terminology Wind Turbine Evolution Current State of Wind Energy
Foundation
Foundation
Blades
Hub
Nacelle
Tower: Base Section Foundation
Rotor assembly
Nacelle components
Turbine exterior
Down-tower controls
Climbing the tower
Inside the nacelle
Hub
Blade
Variations Tower Height & Material Blade Length Gearbox - Conventional (a.k.a. high-speed) - Direct Drive (a.k.a. low-speed) - Hybrid (a.k.a. a medium-speed)
Variations Generator Design: -Squirrel Cage Induction - Wound Rotor Induction - Doubly Fed Induction - Synchronous Converter - Partial Converter - Full Converter
Recent History of Wind Technology Swept area: 235 m2.... 4,650 m2... 12,470 m2
Wind Turbine Scale
Wind Turbine Scale Height: Avg. Water Tower: 130 ft V52, max blade arc: 280 ft Illinois capitol: 361 ft GE 1.5sle, max blade arc: 388 ft. GE 2.5xl, max blade arc: 492 ft. Willis Tower: 1,729 ft.
U.S. Average Capacity of Installed Wind Turbines The average size of turbines installed in 2010 was 1.77 MW, up slightly from 1.75 MW in 2009. Source: AWEA U S Wind Industry Annual Market Repor Source: AWEA U.S. Wind Industry Annual Market Repor Year Ending 2010
Average O&M Cost vs. Year
Average Capacity Factor vs. Year
Average Rotor Diameter and Hub Height vs. Year
Capacity Rating vs. Rotor Size
U.S. Annual and Cumulative Wind Power Capacity The U.S. wind industry installed 6,810 MW during 2011, a 31% increase from 2010 total installations. These projects were installed across thirty U.S. states, using twenty-three different turbine manufacturers. The fourth quarter alone saw 3,444 MW commissioned more than the first three quarters of the year combined. The cumulative installed wind capacity in the U.S. grew 17% from 2010, and now totals 46,919 MW. Source: AWEA Fourth Quarter 2011 Market Report
Global l Wind Power Capacity Growth 35,800 MW installed globally in 2010, for a growth rate of 22.5%. Total Global Installations stand at 194,390 MW globally. China was the largest market for new installations with 16,500 MW installed in 2010; posting 20% growth. Source: AWEA U.S. Wind Industry Annual Market Report Year Ending 2010 The European Union market remained roughly stable with 9,300 MW of new wind power installed in 2010. U.S. wind installations represent over 21% of global wind capacity.
Installations ti by Quarter 4,500 4,000 4,106 4,116 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 3,500 3,000 3,080 3,296 3,444 MW 2,500 Capacity ( 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 1,621 1,294 1,331 1,219 1,585 541 704 671 1,204 1,118 1,044 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 Source: AWEA Fourth Quarter 2011 Market Report
Total Wind Installations by State Texas Iowa California Illinois Minnesota Washington Oregon Oklahoma Colorado Wyoming New York Indiana Kansas Through 2010 1Q 2011 Most Capacity Installed Capacity during 2011 2Q 2011 (MW) California 921.3 Illinois 692.5 Iowa 646.7 Minnesota 541.9 Oklahoma 525 0 North Dakota Oklahoma 525.0 Pennsylvania South Dakota New Mexico Wisconsin Idaho West Virginia Fastest Growing States during 3Q 2011 Growth Rate Ohio 929% Vermont 625% Massachusetts 152% Michigan 130% Idaho 75% 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000 11,000 Source: AWEA Fourth Quarter 2011 Market Report
Total Wind Installations by State Source: AWEA Fourth Quarter 2011 Market Report
U.S. Electricity Supply
Wind Turbines Installed by Year
Sizes and Material Use for Utility-Scale Wind Turbines Installed in 2010 A typical turbine is roughly 90% steel and can weigh anywhere from 200 to 400 tons. Higher tower heights ht and larger rotor diameters have increased output of turbines. Source: AWEA U.S. Wind Industry Annual Market Report Year Ending 2010
Online Wind Manufacturing Facilities
Wind Resource Maps Wind Resource Maps National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Wind Energy Potential 20% Plan from the U.S. DOE 20% of the nation s electrical needs can be provided by wind!
Renewable Portfolio Standards
Matt Aldeman Illinois State University Campus Box 4200 Normal, IL 61790 309-438-7919 renewableenergy@ilstu.edu