Candidate Name Centre Number Candidate Number 0 GCSE 240/01 ADDITIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION TIER CHEMISTRY 2 A.M. MONDAY, 18 January 2010 45 minutes ADDITIONAL MATERIALS In addition to this paper you may require a calculator and a ruler. For s use Question 1. 2 Maximum Mark Mark awarded 2. 6 3. 7 4. 5 5. 5 6. 6 7. 4 8. 6 9. 5 10. 4 Total 50 W10 240 01 1 INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page. Answer all questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The number of marks is given in brackets at the end of each question or part-question. You are reminded of the necessity for good English and orderly presentation in your answers. The Periodic Table is printed on the back cover of the examination paper and the formulae for some common ions on the inside of the back cover. VP*(W10-240-01)
2 Answer all questions. 1. The following diagrams A, B and C, show the structures of methane, graphite and diamond but not necessarily in that order. Label each diagram with the correct name. [2] A B C A... B... C... 2
3 2. The following chart shows how plastics are used in the UK. Others 9% Agriculture 7% Household goods 7.5% Packaging 37% Transport 7.5% Electrical 8% Construction (a) (i) Give the main use of plastics in the UK.... [1] (ii) Name the industry that uses 7% of plastics in the UK. [1] W10 240 01 3... (iii) From the chart above, calculate the percentage of plastics used in construction. [2] Construction =... % (b) The box below gives the names of some common plastics. polythene polystyrene PTFE (Teflon) PVC Choose from the box above a plastic used to: (i) coat frying pans;... [1] (ii) produce carrier bags.... [1] Turn over. 6
4 3. Read the information in the box below. Ammonia, NH 3, is produced from nitrogen and hydrogen during the Haber process. N 2 (g) + 3H 2 (g) 2NH 3 (g) The reaction is reversible which means it can go both ways. The sign used to show a reversible reaction is shown in the equation above. In order to get a high yield, the conditions used for the process are a temperature of 400-450 C and a pressure of 200 atmospheres. An iron catalyst speeds up the process. Ammonia is an important chemical. Its main use is in the manufacture of fertilisers such as ammonium nitrate, which is made by neutralising a solution of ammonia with nitric acid. Ammonia is also used in cleaning products and in hair dyes. Use the information in the box to answer the following questions. (i) Give the chemical formula for ammonia.... [1] (ii) I. State what is meant by a reversible reaction. [1]... II. Give the sign used to show that a reaction is reversible. [1] Sign... (iii) Give the: I. catalyst used in the Haber process;... [1] II. temperature used in the Haber process.... C [1] (iv) Give the word equation for the reaction taking place when ammonium nitrate is produced. [2]... +...... 7
5 4. Smart materials are materials whose properties change with changes in their surroundings. The following boxes show the names of some types of smart material and their special properties. Smart material Special properties Thermochromic paint Swells up to 1000 times in water Shape memory alloy Changes colour when light is shone onto it Hydrogel Photochromic paint Changes colour when heated Can regain its original shape W10 240 01 5 (a) Draw a line from each smart material to its special property. One has already been done for you. [3] (b) From the list above, suggest a smart material that could be used in making: (i) spectacle frames;... [1] (ii) nappies.... [1] Turn over. 5
6 5. (a) The following diagram shows an atom of element A. Proton (+) Neutron Electron ( ) (i) Use the information in the diagram above to give: I. the atomic number of element A;... [1] II. the mass number of element A.... [1] (ii) The atom overall has no electrical charge. Use the information in the diagram above to explain why. [1]...... (b) The following statements refer to atoms. Place a tick ( ) next to the two correct statements. [2] Atoms of the same element have the same number of protons. The number of neutrons is always equal to the number of protons. Atoms of different elements have a different number of electrons. The number of neutrons is always equal to the number of electrons. The number of protons in the nucleus is known as the mass number. 5
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8 6. The following table shows how the solubility of copper sulphate in water varies with temperature. Temperature / C 0 20 40 60 80 100 Solubility / g per 100 cm 3 water 14 20 29 40 56 77 (i) Plot the results from the table on the grid below and then draw a smooth curve through the points. [3] 80 70 60 Solubility / g per 100 cm 3 water 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Temperature / C
9 (ii) Describe how the solubility of copper sulphate changes as the temperature increases. [1]... (iii) Use your graph to find: I. the solubility of copper sulphate at 90 C;... g per 100 cm 3 water [1] II. the temperature at which the solubility of copper sulphate is 50 g per 100 cm 3 water.... C [1] 6 7. The recycling of materials has become increasingly important. (i) Aluminium is extracted using electrolysis. Suggest why the recycling of aluminium results in a 95% energy saving. [1]...... (ii) Apart from saving energy, give two reasons why the recycling of metals is important. [2] Reason 1... Reason 2... (iii) Aluminium and steel are collected together for recycling. State a property of steel that enables it to be separated from aluminium. [1]... 4 Turn over.
10 8. The following table shows the properties of four substances A D. Substance Melting point / C Boiling point / C State at 20 C Soluble in water? Does it conduct electricity? A 842 1484 solid insoluble yes B 615 876 solid soluble when in solution or molten C 210 196 gas soluble no D 650 1091 solid insoluble yes Use the substances A D to answer the following questions. (i) State which two of the substances, A D, are metals and give one reason for your choice. [2]... and... are metals. Reason...... (ii) State which of the substances, A D, is an ionic compound and give one reason for your choice. [2] Letter... Reason...... (iii) State which of the substances, A D, is a simple molecular substance and give one reason for your choice. [2] Letter... Reason...... 6
11 9. The following diagram shows the apparatus used for the extraction of aluminium from its oxide by the process of electrolysis. graphite anodes oxygen molten aluminium oxide molten aluminium graphite cathode (i) Name the type of energy required for electrolysis.... [1] (ii) The electrolyte used in this process is aluminium oxide. I. Use the table of common ions on the inside back cover of this examination paper to give the symbols of the ions present in aluminium oxide. [1]... and... II. Use your answer to explain why aluminium is formed at the cathode. [1]...... (iii) Give the word equation for the overall reaction taking place during this process. [2]...... +... Turn over. 5
12 10. (i) State why it is difficult to measure the mass of individual atoms. [1]...... (ii) The relative atomic mass of an atom is represented by A r. State what M r represents. [1]... (iii) Calculate the M r of calcium carbonate, CaCO 3. [2] A r (Ca) = 40; A r (C) = 12; A r (O) = 16. M r (CaCO 3 ) =... 4
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15 FORMULAE FOR SOME COMMON IONS POSITIVE IONS NEGATIVE IONS Name Formula Name Formula Aluminium Al 3+ Ammonium NH + Barium Ba 2+ Calcium Ca 2+ Copper(II) Cu 2+ Hydrogen H + Iron(II) Fe 2+ Iron(III) Fe 3+ Lithium Li + Magnesium Mg 2+ Nickel Ni 2+ Potassium K + Silver Ag + Sodium Na + 4 Bromide Br Carbonate CO 2 Chloride Cl Fluoride F Hydroxide OH Iodide I Nitrate NO Oxide O 2 Sulphate SO 2 4 3 3 Turn over.
16 Helium Neon Fluorine Chlorine Bromine Selenium Boron Aluminium Gallium Zinc Copper Nickel Cobalt Iron Manganese Chromium Vanadium Titanium Scandium Calcium Potassium Magnesium Sodium Beryllium Lithium Arsenic Phosphorus Nitrogen Carbon Silicon Germanium Sulphur Oxygen Argon Krypton 4 2 Ne 20 10 F 19 9 O 16 8 C 12 6 N 14 7 B 11 5 Ar 40 18 S 32 16 P 31 15 Si 28 14 Al 27 13 Kr 84 36 Br 80 35 Se 79 34 As 75 33 Ge 73 32 Ga 70 31 Zn 65 30 Cu 64 29 Ni 59 28 Fe 56 26 Co 59 27 Mn 55 25 V 51 23 Cr 52 24 Ti 48 22 Sc 45 21 Ca 40 20 K 39 19 Iodine Tellurium Indium Cadmium Silver Palladium Rhodium Ruthenium Molybdenum Niobium Zirconium Yttrium Strontium Rubidium Antimony Tin Xenon Xe 131 54 I 127 53 Te 128 52 Sb 122 51 Sn 119 50 In 115 49 Cd 112 48 Ag 108 47 Pd 106 46 Ru 101 44 Rh 103 45 Tc 99 43 Nb 93 41 Mo 96 42 Zr 91 40 Y 89 39 Sr 88 38 Rb 86 37 Astatine Polonium Thallium Mercury Gold Platinum Iridium Osmium Rhenium Tungsten Tantalum Hafnium Lanthanum Barium Caesium Bismuth Lead Radon Rn 222 86 At 210 85 Po 210 84 Bi 209 83 Pb 207 82 Tl 204 81 Hg 201 80 Au 197 79 Pt 195 78 Os 190 76 Ir 192 77 Re 186 75 Ta 181 73 W 184 74 Hf 179 72 La 139 57 Ba 137 56 Cs 133 55 Actinium Radium Francium Ac 227 89 Ra 226 88 Fr 223 87 Mg 24 12 Na 23 11 Be 9 4 Li 7 3 Hydrogen H 1 1 1 2 3 0 5 6 7 4 Group PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS He Cl 35 17 Z X A Name Element Symbol Atomic number Mass number Key: Technetium