Agile Resiliency How CMMI will make Agile Thrive and Survive Has your customer (or manager) ever said: Let s be more Agile. But how about we only have a weekly standup? Let s transition all of our projects over to Agile. By November. 2013. Sure, go ahead and be agile... Just don t bother the customer. Be Agile. Be CMMI Level 3. Be ISO Certified. By Tuesday. WHAT THE *#$*%&!! Does That Mean? 1 1
Welcome back my friends to the show that never ends! Jeff Dalton President of Broadsword Cer4fied Lead Appraiser Cer4fied CMMI Instructor Cer4fiable Blogger, TwiAerer, and social media fana4c Airplane Builder (and test pilot) Scrum Master Author of AgileCMMI Cutter IT Journal Agile CMMI: Why Isn t This Conversation Dead Yet? Hillel Glazer, Guest Editor Opening Statement by Hillel Glazer........................................................ 3 The Agile CMMI Conversation Is a Dead End by Bill Fox............................................................ 6 Blending Agile and CMMI by Brian Button and Nate McKie........................................... 11 Agile CMMI: The Real Underlying Obstacles to Effective Integration and What You Can Do About Them by Paul E. McMahon................................................... 17 CMMI vs. Scrum? No CMMI + Scrum! by Jeff Dalton........................................................ 22 Disciplined Agile Delivery Meets CMMI by Scott W. Ambler.................................................... 28 h#p://www.askthecmmiappraiser.com h#p://www.broadswordsolu;ons.com The Journal of Information Technology Management Vol. 25, No. 11 November 2012 If you still believe that agile and CMMI don t work well together, then what you ll learn in this issue is that, to put it plainly, you re wrong. What Will It Take to Achieve Agility-at-Scale? by Douglas Schmidt, Anita Carleton, Erin Harper, Mary Ann Lapham, Ipek Ozkaya, and Linda Parker Gates........................................34 http://www.broadswordsolutions.com/books 2 3 2
4 Both CMMI and Agile are about solving problems Requirements change too often Projects are late and over budget Frequent staff turnover Can t understand risk In the dark about project status Too many meetings Customers unhappy Customers discovering defects Projects are unpredictable 5 3
Think of both as levers that change behavior 6 Agile success has attracted a few small, new adopters... The DOD is actively pursing agile adoption, and working with the SEI on research General Motors alone has announced it is going to insource IT by hiring thousands of IT professionals, and Agile will be front-and-center The VA is already having organic success with Agile The Federal Government and General Motors will be the world s largest purchasers of Agile IT Services 7 4
These large-scale adopters will drive the standard Danger! Danger! Agile will change! ** HINT #1: Waterfall was not created to be heavy, burdensome, and document focused with mindnumbing, soul-killing processes. It evolved to meet the information needs of the large scale adopters who were ALREADY running their businesses this way! Hint #2: They are still like this! ** or as we say in Detroit: Suppliers don t change GM. GM changes suppliers. 8 The challenge with Agile is that while we re all off iteratin the biz is all off waterfallin @CMMIAppraiser 9 5
Agile teams don t use process, right? Planning Poker PP SP1.1, SP1.2 Refactoring REQM SP1.5 Sprint Demos VAL SP2.1, RD SP3.1 Pair Programming VER SP2.2 Value Velocity PMC SP1.1 Test-Driven Development RD SP3.4, SP3.5 Many Agile teams embrace TECHNIQUES, but do not have a Resilient Agile Architecture 10 What is Agile Resilience? re sil ience [ri-zil-yuhns, -zil-ee-uhns] noun 1. the power or ability to return to the original form, position, etc., after being bent, compressed, or stretched; elasticity. 2. ability to recover readily from illness, depression, adversity, or the like; buoyancy. 11 6
Agile Resilience 3-Tiered Architecture Guiding the work Values include Fail fast, iterative and incremental, collaboration, focus on people, continuously improve. Managing the work Methods include Scrum, XP, Kanban, Spiral, Crystal, RUP, etc Techniques Doing the work Techniques including Planning Poker, Daily Standup, Retrospectives, Sprint Demo, Story-time 12 Agile Resilience 3-Tiered Architecture Risk / Issues Incrementally deal with issues and risk Values include Fail fast, iterative and incremental, collaboration, focus on people, continuously improve. Scrum Methods include Scrum, XP, Kanban, Spiral, Crystal, RUP, etc Techniques Daily Standup Techniques including Planning Poker, Daily Standup, Retrospectives, Sprint Demo, Story-time 13 7
Agile Resilience 3-Tiered Architecture - Estimating Collaboratively estimate projects Values include Fail fast, iterative and incremental, collaboration, focus on people, continuously improve. XP / Scrum Methods include Scrum, XP, Kanban, Spiral, Crystal, RUP, etc Techniques Planning Poker Techniques including Planning Poker, Daily Standup, Retrospectives, Sprint Demo, Story-time 14 Level Focus Process Area 5 Optimizing 4 Quantitativel y Managed 3 Defined 2 Managed 1 Initial Continuous Process Improvement Quantitative Management Process Standardization Basic Project Management Organizational Performance Management Organizational Process Performance Requirements Development Technical Solutions Product Integration Verification Validation Organizational Process Focus Requirements Management Project Planning Project Monitoring & Control Supplier Agreement Management Causal Analysis & Resolution Quality Productivity Quantitative Project Management Organizational Process Definition Organizational Training Integrated Project Management Risk Management Decision Analysis & Resolution Measurement & Analysis Process & Product Quality Assurance Configuration Management 15 8
Let s turn CMMI on its head. 16 Don t FOLLOW the CMMI Don t be COMPLIANT with CMMI DO ask the CMMI Questions * - How are we doing? - How does it work? - How do we know? - How much is enough? - Do we know how to do it? - Do we know when to do it? - What s the plan?. * See my Nov 12 Cutter IT article Scrum + CMMI! 17 9
Strengthening Agile Values Use the guidance in the CMMI to help establish Agile Values: - Are we training our people enough? How are we training? (OT) - Are the values clear to everyone? Do they understand? (OPD, GP2.1) - What s the plan for ensuring people understand them? (OPF, OT) - What is expected of me? (GP2.1, OT) 18 Strengthening Agile Methods and Frameworks Use the guidance in the CMMI to help establish Agile methods and frameworks: - Which methods are we supporting and why? (OPD) - Which projects use which methods, and why? (IPM) - How long are our sprints? How many sprints are in a release? (PP) - How do we measure velocity? (MA) 19 10
Strengthening Agile Techniques Use the guidance in the CMMI to help establish Agile techniques: - What s the plan for rolling all of these techniques out and using them? (OPF, IPM) - Which techniques will we be able to support with tools and other resources? (OPF) - Which projects use which techniques and why? (IPM) - What design and coding techniques are we going to use? (TS) - Where are the planning poker decks? (PP, GP2.3) 20 Agile Resilience 3-Tiered Architecture - REDUX Guiding the work Values include Fail fast, iterative and incremental, collaboration, focus on people, continuously improve. Managing the work Methods include Scrum, XP, Kanban, Spiral, Crystal, RUP, etc Techniques Doing the work Techniques including Planning Poker, Daily Standup, Retrospectives, Sprint Demo, Story-time 21 11
22 Strengthening Agile Resilience across the Enterprise The CMMI give us tools To make IMMEDIATE improvements Here s NINE of the them for you to take back to your office today! The key to strengthening the Resilient Agile Architecture, and being a good Agile Citizen, is in these Practices 23 12
CMMI Version: Establish an Organizational Policy Agile version: Are we setting clear expectations across the enterprise which Agile values, methods, and techniques will be deployed and adopted? Processes are the behaviors of real people and events not documents! People need to know what is expected for them to be successful. You can help them by clearly setting those expectations. 24 CMMI Version: Plan the Process Agile version: How should we carefully plan the roll-out and deployment of Agile values, methods, and techniques? Should we use Agile to deploy Agile? Processes are made up of roles, events, and work products. All of these things require planning to be successful. For instance, code reviews can improve code quality. They include people, events, and work products. Plan them out to get maximum value. 25 13
CMMI Version: Provide Resources Agile version: What are the right tools and facilities to successfully deploy Agile values, methods, and tools? Processes represent real work that needs to get done, and it takes tools, equipment, money, and other resources. For instance, if you were performing as an administrative assistant, you might need some of the resources pictured above. If you are a member of a Scrum team, you need a team room, board, sticky notes, or software. 26 CMMI Version: Train People Agile version: Does everyone know the Agile values, methods, and techniques well enough to teach them? The productivity difference between a new trained team member, and one who is dropped into the fire? Really High. If that s not enough to convince you, there s nothing I can do! 27 14
CMMI Version: ID and Involve Relevant Stakeholders Agile version: Who do we need to collaborate with (and when), and who needs to participate at each event? How do you we know if they do? (Hint: TeamScore it represents project risk!) Remember GP2.2 Plan the Process? Now here s your chance? Who are the people, and did they participate (curious minds are dying to know!)? Stakeholders who do not participate as planned are injecting risk into the project, and, well, I just don t like that. 28 CMMI Version: Monitor and Control the Process Agile version: How well is our team performing? How do we communicate that to non-agile leaders from accounting, marketing, and management? Remember GP2.2 Plan the Process (again?). That pesky practice keeps coming back. How are we doing? Are Agile values, methods, and techniques WORKING? Because if they re not working, we should change it! 29 15
CMMI Version: Objectively evaluate adherence Agile version: Are people living up to the values? Are they using the techniques? Are they adhering to the methods? How are Agile values, methods, and techniques working? Are people using it? If not, why not? This is less an audit and more mentoring. Don t turn into the process police. 30 CMMI Version: Review Status with Higher Level Management Agile version: Does management care about how we work? Tell them! This is about operations AND Politics! Are we getting the results we hoped for? Why? Why not? What are the issues? Management does a great job of reviewing PROJECT information, but when it comes to PROCESS information... Uh, not so much. 31 16
CMMI Version: Collect Process Related Experiences Agile version: How will the project down the hall benefit from the lessons we have learned? Many companies collect lessons learned... into a black hole on a network drive. Don t make that same mistake. Build a SYSTEM to ensure OTHER projects learn from your mistakes. 32 Anti-Pattern Insanity! (Bob Hartman, aka Agile Bob ) Never meeting Iteration commitments - Look to practices in Project Planning, Project Monitoring, Requirements Management, Requirements Development Testing Late - Look to Practices in Verification, Validation, Project Planning, Technical Solutions Poor Estimating - Look to Practices in Project Planning and Integrated Project Management Not Trying to Improve - Look to Practices in Integrated Project Management, Organizational Process Development, and Generic Goal Three Not Assigning Action Items - Look to Practices in Project Planning and Project Monitoring and Control for ideas on additional strengthening http://www.agileforall.com/2009/06/03/agile-antipattern-insanity-5-insanity-antipatterns/ 33 17
The Agile Process Manifesto... Innovation Useful Processes Collaboration Flexibility & Agility Outweighs Outweigh Outweighs Outweigh Process Mandates Certifications & Audits Coercion & Punishment Rigid Compliance 34 Make Agile Resilient and Scalable by adopting CMMI and make your organization great! 35 18
http://www.broadswordsolutions.com/resources For answers to your CMMI questions head over to: http://www.askthecmmiappraiser Twitter: CMMIAppraiser 36 19