Food losses and waste in Fresh Fruit & Vegetables supply chains Indonesia Quick Scan commissioned by Agricultural Counsellor of the Royal Dutch Embassy, Jakarta
Food losses versus food waste Quick Scan: focus on food losses & best practices
Scale of the problem Total horticulture (fruit & vegetables) production Indonesia 2013: 31,559,022 tonnes Total Indonesian export FFV products 2014: 189,072 tonnes (less than 1 % of total production) Estimated food losses internal market (28% FAO) 2014: 8,836,526 tonnes kg
Hot spots in supply chains Farmer transport sorting/grading transport transport pack house trader transport pack house collector whole sale market transport Retail/traditional market
Causes of food losses & solutions according to stakeholders
1. Initial FFV product quality ( Garbage in = garbage out ) 2. Cold chain management & storage 3. Post-Harvest Handling, packaging, logistics (connectivity)
No 1 cause of food losses according to traders in Indonesia: Initial FFV product quality
Importance of Initial product quality at harvest Higher product quality at harvest: lower losses in the chain garbage in garbage out
.Quality is built at the farm and decreases in the supply chain
Current best practices SOLUTIONS FOR REDUCTION Development extension teams by producers that are also traders. Coaching and support services for inclusion of small farmers in their supply chains for export and modern markets. Capacity building farmers Organizing farmers groups Access to high quality farm inputs (financial) incentives for quality Access to finance
No 2 cause of food losses according to traders in Indonesia: Cold chain infrastructure, management & storage
Absence of cold chain (storage) with farmers and downstream in supply chain
Current best practices SOLUTIONS FOR REDUCTION Start cold chain implementation and modern pack houses in export supply chains and chains for modern markets. Investment in cold chain (storage) facilities Farmers organizations; economies of scale Create awareness: need for cold chain Access to finance
No 3 cause of food losses according to traders in Indonesia: Post-Harvest handling, packaging, logistics (connectivity)
Quality controlled logistics?
SOLUTIONS FOR REDUCTION Current best practices Introduction of packaging like plastic crates. Plans of government to quickly upgrade and invest in infrastructure Post harvest training farmers Create awareness on need for packaging Customizing and introduction effective packaging concepts Access to finance Investments in infrastructure
FFV Supply Chain stakeholders; roles and responsibilities FARMER COLLECTOR WHOLESALE MARKET TRADER RETAIL CONSUMER Food losses FARM INPUT SUPPLIERS Whose problem? TRANSPORTERS PACKAGING SUPPLIERS TRANSPORTERS GOVERNMENT
Food loses: whose problem? (conclusions quick scan) 1. Risk and cost food losses are transferred throughout the supply chain, upstream to farmers. 2. No awareness on economic benefits reducing food losses (let alone social and environmental issues food losses). 3. Absence of problem owner food losses? Who feels responsible to reduce losses? Certainly not traders 4. Without problem owner, no innovative ideas and no implementation of solutions.
Priority for FFV sector in Indonesia - Research on actual extent of food losses in Indonesia - Creation of awareness of Economic benefits of reducing food losses - Dissemination of simple best practices in order to raise overall standards
Postharvest Loss Alliance for Nutrition (I-PLAN) We have the knowledge to assist you in analyzing the cause of the leakage causing post harvest loss in your food supply chain. We can help you to transform this leakage into a challenging business case, based on mutual benefits. Within our Network we have leading Dutch industries and universities to collaborate on solving this problem.
Workshop i-plan 22 March at hotel Grand Kemang Jakarta For more information & programme Tina Napitupulu - AgriProFocus Indonesia tnapitupulu@agriprofocus.com
THANK YOU! Lucie Wassink