Analyzing Big Data: The Path to Competitive Advantage
Introduction Almost every business collects data, and the majority of it is about their customers. Over the past several years the cost of storing data has decreased substantially, thanks mostly to cloud solutions. Now companies gather huge amounts of information and store it just in case it may turn out to be useful someday. Accumulating and storing data are easy. Analyzing data to figure out what is valuable is much more complex. And knowing how to extract meaningful, actionable insights is even more difficult, but is crucial to bolstering the bottom line. Big Data can solve those problems. With the appropriate software and tools, companies can comb through the nonproductive, non-revenue-producing data in storage and analyze it to identify business trends and reveal new opportunities. Big Data is different from ordinary database information because of the massive volume, the variety (structured, semi-structured, and unstructured), and the velocity. Now information such as product reviews, email, video, blogs, and tweets are in the data mix. Social media feedback has become a useful research tool for businesses, but sophisticated analysis of the massive quantities was not possible before analytic tools were developed specifically for Big Data. Additionally, Big Data encompasses data generated by machines such as sensors. How Big Is Big Data? In 2000, 800,000 petabytes of data were stored worldwide. (One thousand terabytes equals one petabyte.) 2012 alone created 2.8 zettabytes of data. (One zettabyte is one million petabytes.) By 2020, it is estimated that the world will have 40 zettabytes of data stored. Why Use Big Data? Big Data analytic tools facilitate the examination of large amounts of different types of data to reveal hidden patterns and correlations that are not otherwise easily discernible. Increasingly, companies are spotting trends from social media that they quickly convert into new products or add to existing products. Big Data can unlock significant value by making information transparent. It helps companies make smarter, faster, and more strategic decisions. ziffdavis.com 2 of 5
IBM s Big Data @ Work Survey of 1144 professionals found that 63 percent of respondents reported that the use of information including Big Data and analytics is creating a competitive advantage for their organizations. While over 50 percent of respondents stated that they had not yet begun Big Data analysis, 47 percent planned to do so. In another study, The Deciding Factor: Big Data & Decision Making, conducted by the Economist Intelligence Unit for Capgemini, two-thirds of the executives note that they consider their organizations to be data-driven, meaning that data collection and analysis are the foundation of their firms business strategies and day-to-day decision-making. The percentages are highest in the energy, financial services, healthcare, and pharmaceuticals industries. More than half of the respondents say management decisions that are based purely on intuition or experience are increasingly regarded as questionable. And 65 percent affirm that more management decisions are based on validated analytic information. That figure rises to 73 percent for the financial services sector. Big Data allows companies to make better decisions using existing and new data sources. It offers the capability to better understand and predict consumer behavior. Real time data capture enables faster decision-making, such as when a customer is on a website or on the telephone speaking with a customer service representative. The use of Big Data has improved the performance of businesses by 26 percent on average and that influence will grow to 41 percent over the next three years, according to the Capgemini study. How Industries Use Big Data Retail Retail is an obvious early adopter of Big Data, with rich customer data helping merchants to personalize customer service and better manage inventory levels. Merchandising is currently the number one use of Big Data in retail. Online merchants can analyze data on visitor browsing patterns, login counts, past purchase behavior, and responses to promotions. Merchants can eliminate what isn t working and focus on what does. Some analytic solutions are so finely tuned to dynamic pricing, they can tell a merchant whether it needs to offer a 25 percent discount or if a 15 percent discount will suffice for a particular customer according to Retention Science, a software company that helps clients retain customers using Big Data analytics. Similar products can be cross-sold within seconds to a customer paying at the cash register. Data analysis also allows for tighter control of inventory so items aren t overstocked.. ziffdavis.com 3 of 5
Automotive Big Data is being utilized to accelerate product design, improve vehicle performance and augment the driver experience. Sensor-generated data from onboard communications, GPS, and telematics will become more important as manufacturers move towards the connected vehicle with more than 10,000 sensors per vehicle generating data that streams back to the manufacturer. Big Data analytics will propel predictive maintenance as sensors provide data that can quickly flag atypical events and alerts drivers to proactively take corrective actions. Healthcare More and more scientific advances owe their success to the ability of supercomputers to rapidly crunch data. Currently, large datasets and algorithms present tantalizing opportunities just waiting to be examined. With Big Data, that progress could extend to the development of models and systems that track, sort, and analyze the development of complex biological systems. Researchers could effectively polish their diagnostic and predictive abilities to design and deliver solutions in fundamental research, drug design, delivery, and eventual cure. Big Data can be helpful in designing inclusion and exclusion criteria for clinical trials, performing predictive models on virtual trials, identifying patients for recruitment, and identifying unintended uses and indications. The McKinsey Global Institute estimates that applying Big Data strategies to healthcare decision-making could generate up to $100 billion annually in the United States alone. In their article, How Big Data can revolutionize pharmaceutical R&D, authors J. Cattell, S Chilukuri, and M. Levy foresee that predictive modeling of biological processes and drugs could become significantly more sophisticated. By leveraging the diversity of available molecular and clinical data, predictive modeling could help identify new potential-candidate molecules with a high probability of being successfully developed into drugs that act on biological targets safely and effectively. Financial Services In most financial institutions the current use of Big Data is to contain fraud and comply with rules on money laundering. Predictive credit risk models that tap into large amounts of payment data are being adopted in consumer and commercial collections practices to help prioritize collections activities. Financial services companies are looking to leverage large amounts of consumer data across multiple service delivery channels to uncover consumer behavior patterns and increase conversion rates, according to The Deciding Factor: Big Data & Decision Making, a report written by the Economist Intelligence Unit for consulting firm Capgemini. ziffdavis.com 4 of 5
Challenges The biggest current challenge is being able to articulate a compelling business case for using Big Data. Most companies are unsure of the value of a lot of data they already have collected. Advanced analytic capabilities are necessary to make the data actionable. Other challenges include organizations silos that interfere with decision-making. If departments don t share data, the customer profile is incomplete. Another problem is a shortage of qualified Big Data scientists. A lack of qualified people is impeding Big Data implementations and a talent shortage is driving up costs. Recommendations Start small using existing data with which you are already comfortable. Keep things simple and then move on to more complex uses. Focus on functions that you believe can drive the most improvement. This will help build a business case for the usefulness of Big Data. Commit initial efforts to customer-centric outcomes. Remember while you may be holding back on Big Data implementation, your competitors are using it to gain an advantage over you. ziffdavis.com 5 of 5