Combating Marine Plastic Debris Through National Plan of Actions Indonesian Approach

COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR MARITIME AFFAIRS REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA Combating Marine Plastic Debris Through National Plan of Actions Indonesian Approach Dr. Nani Hendiarti Director of Maritime Science & Technology Beyond Plastic Pollution Pathways to Cleaner Oceans Conference Dockside, Cockle Bay, Oct. 30 th Nov. 1 st, 2017 Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia 1

I N D O N E S I A 1. Largest archipelagic state in the world, with more than 17.000 islands 2. 6 million square km of waters, more than 91.000 km of coastal lines 3. Three time zones 4. 10 neighboring countries 5. Home of 23 % of global mangroves 6. Home of 30.000 km 2 Seagrass 7. Home of 75% of all known marine life 8. Critical Choke Points for global navigations

C H A L L E N G E S 1. Fight Poachers 2. Armed Robbers at Sea, 3. Hijackers at Sea 4. Slavery at Sea, 5. People Trafficking at Sea, 6. Mitigating Climate Change Effect, 7. Governmental Services to Remote Islands 8. Health of the Ocean

CHALLENGES: Health of the Ocean OIL SPILL SLUDGE OIL OIL POLLUTION FROM FIXED PLATFORM MARINE LITTER

Marine Plastic Debris CONSEQUENCIES TOURISM: Marine plastic debris are invading more and more tourism and coastal ENVIRONMENT AND MARINE LIFE : Millions of marine life are threatened by marine plastic debris HUMAN HEALTH: More than one third of sampled commercial fish have been found consuming plastic or microplastic

Coelacanth, ancient fish live in Northern Sulawesi, Indonesia Source: Youtube 2015 The living fossil coelacanth: captured by fisherman, found consuming snack plastic wrap, captured in Manado Bay, North Sulawesi (Newspaper, Tribun Manado, may 24 th, 2012)

COMMITMENT Indonesia is to reduce wastes through reduce-reuse-recycle up to 30% until 2025, while targeting reduction of marine plastic debris as much as 70% by 2025 President Joko Widodo, at the Leaders Retreat, G20 Summit, Hamburg-Germany, Friday July 7 th, 2017

WHAT HAVE BEEN DONE

ACTIONS TAKEN Presidential Decree, No.16 of 2017 on INDONESIAN OCEAN POLICY, February 2017 The Government of the E X E C U T I V E S U M M A R Y 2017-2025 Established National Plan of Action on Marine Plastic Debris (2017-2025), May 2017

NATIONAL PLAN OF ACTION 1 Behavioral Change The Government of the E X E C U T I V E S U M M A R Y 2017-2025 2 Reduced Land-based Leakage 3 Reduced Sea-based Leakage 4 Enhanced Law Enforcement and R&D

1. PROMOTING BEHAVIORAL CHANGE Educating Youths Increasing Stakeholder Awareness Instigating Intergovernmental Collaborations Promoting Cross Sector Collaborations Engaging Citizens in Clean-Up Actions

Campaign on Combating Marine Plastic Debris Attended by more than 200 high school, college students and communities at @America, JAKARTA

Coordinated Clean-Up Actions CMMA MOMAF Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries MOT Ministry of Tourism MOEF Ministry of Environment and Forestry **More than 2000 communities has been recorded taking parts in the movement, including the Indonesian Youth

Solid Waste Management Key Finding: Of the surveyed cities, reasons for the high rates of uncollected waste include illegal dumping, burning, recycling and active use of waste banks as well as undocumented leakage into waterways, which was common across all cities surveyed.

Waterway Waste Composition (Average For Hotspots Sampled) Key Findings: Findings from this assessment show that the plastics content is double these earlier estimates with an average plastics composition in city waste streams of upwards of 31%. The most prevalent type of plastics found in the samples are plastic bags, at an average across all cities of 16%. Important to note that as much as 21% of waste content was comprised of disposable diapers, which in and of itself has plastics components. COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR MARITIME AFFAIRS REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA

Waste Management Infrastructure Waste Banks What are Waste Banks? Decentralized waste banks, trash banks, garbage banks or Bank Sampah as they are called in Indonesia are a new convincing concept for waste management. The Ministry of Environment of Indonesia promotes Waste Banks as a strategic program. Per the ministry, the positive impacts of the waste bank development program is inseparable from the participation of people, especially at the grassroots level.

2. REDUCING LAND-BASED LEAKAGE JAKARTA CLEAN-UP ACTION Land-based (households, streets, etc.) plastic waste carried out into the sea through canals Hazardous to marine life, marine ecosystem and human wellbeing Cilincing - North Jakarta, May 4 th, 2017

Cilincing Canal Clean-Up, May 6 th, 2017 Minister Luhut Pandjaitan leads the Canal Clean Ups Supported by foreign embassies (USA, Danish, Belgium, S. Korea)

CILINCING (JAKARTA) CANAL CLEAN-UP May 2017

Cilincing Canal Clean-up, before & 6 weeks later BEFORE May 5 th, 2017 AFTER Update: UPDATE July 3 rd, 2017 August, 2017 2017

Integrated Waste Management Surabaya, East Java

3. REDUCING SEA-BASED LEAKAGE BEACH CLEAN-UPS PORT CLEAN-UP PORT AREAS Garbage comes from many places Need Bilateral and Regional Collaborations Relevant Technology for Monitoring and Collecting Plastic Debris from the Ocean

Marine Debris Clean Up in Makassar Coastal Waters

4. LAW ENFORCEMENT, FUNDING MECHANISM, R & D, INSTITUTIONAL EMPOWERMENT Introducing Paid Plastic Bags Encouraging Manufacturers to Use Recycled Plastics as Input Materials as much as possible Producing More Biodegradable Plastics from Cassava, Seaweed and Palm Oil Developing Plastic-Tar Roads (Started in June 2017) Pursuing Waste to Energy Solution

Alliance for Marine Plastic Solutions (AMPS) Forum & Stakeholders Circular Economy

Manufacturers Using Recyclable as Inputs Materials

Biodegradable Plastics

Plastic-Tar Roads Collaboration with TCE India Reduced plastic waste; 6-8% of plastic waste in the asphalt mixed; Production costs can save up to 10%; Durability and stability of the roads increased 40% of trials in Denpasar-Bali and Bekasi-Jakarta.

PLASTIC-TAR ROADS (Plastic Bags to Asphalt Mix) Final Landfill Collectors Chopped plastic waste NON ORGANIC Regional Roads Organic Hazardous Others Plastic Community-Based Waste Bank Grinder Intermediate Landfill Plastic-Tar Processing 3R 3R National Roads Collectors Sources Sorting Processing Product

C O N C L U S I O N S What have been done National Plan of Actions for Marine Plastic Debris Management Indonesia Open to Collaborations Education and Campaign Various Actions Collaborations and R&D s By 2025: 30% reduction through 3R 70% reduction of MPD B2B, G2G, PPP, R&D, NGOs, Community based, etc.

Indonesia Pavilion is located in BONN ZONE

WE need to fight this problem with passion, and care to our oceans that have given us so much. Lets get rid of this problem because WE CAN and WE CARE THANK YOU COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR MARITIME AFFAIRS THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA