oil palm in Africa Xavier LACAN (PalmElit), Sylvain RAFFLEGEAU (Cirad), Laurène FEINTRENIE (Cirad) Fedepalma 2015
10 ideas that you just need to know
#1 demography
6,0 5,0 ASIA 4,0 3,0 2,0 1,0 AFRICA LAT. AMERICA & C. EUROPE NORTH. AMERICA OCEANIA 0,0 2010 2050 2090 BILLIONS PEOPLE United Nations (2015). Probabilistic Population Projections based on the World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision. Population Division, DESA. http://esa.un.org/unpd/ppp/
800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 2010 2050 2090 Nigeria Congo Kin Tanzania Ethiopia Niger Uganda Egypt Kenya Angola Mozambique Sudan Madagascar Zambia Côte d'ivoire Mali MILLIONS PEOPLE United Nations (2015). Probabilistic Population Projections based on the World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision. Population Division, DESA. http://esa.un.org/unpd/ppp/
#2 under nourishment
UNDERNOURISHMENT IN AFRICA FAO 2015 The state of food insecurity in the world
#3 wild groves
TRADITIONAL GROVES AND PLANTATIONS Niger Delta, Nigeria - One third of African Oil Palm area - traditional palm groves 1,1 million ha, medium and smallholders plantations 270.000 ha and agro-industrial plantations 110.000 ha. (PIND) 2011
#4 red oil
Africa s specificity : industrial and small scale mills Large farm diversity Gender
#5 family farms
Agroindustries Smallholders ACTORS Marzin 2015
country 1.000 ha % family farms FAOSTAT Cirad experts Nigeria 3 000 80 Ivory coast 270 74 Congo DR 275 84 Cameroon 135 59 Ghana 360 88 Sierra Leone 28 Benin 36 Angola 23 Guinea 310 Liberia 17 Togo 17 Total 4 531 300 80! FAMILY FARMS CONTROLLING 80% OF THE AREA Cirad experts
THE 2 TYPES OF AFRICAN OIL PALM VALUE CHAIN Available statistics Partially available Not available Agro-industries Industrial plantations Industrial Extraction Mills Crude palm oil Palm Kernel oil Smallholders including family farms Oil palm smallholdings Africa: Small scale process Africa Family farms Africa: Palm grove Africa «Palm grove» Africa Artisanal extraction by small-scale mills Africa Traditional extraction by treading with water Africa Artisanal red oil palm
#6 suitability
oil palm suitability IIASA http://www.iiasa.ac.at/publication/more_ir-15-006.php
#7 fusarium
Fusarium wilt in Ivory Coast Fusarium wilt in Cameroon Fusarium wilt in Liberia PLANTING MATERIAL
#8 production
country 1.000 ha 1.000 T CPO 1.000 T PKO FAOSTAT FAOSTAT Oil World FAOSTAT Oil World Nigeria 3 000 960 960 510 117 Ivory coast 270 415 415 43 43 Congo DR 275 300 14 37 3 Cameroon 135 225 225 23 23 Ghana 360 120 410 14 45 Sierra Leone 28 60 60 11 Benin 36 56 56 7 7 Angola 23 50 50 9 9 Guinea 310 50 5 Liberia 17 44 6 Togo 17 9 77 18 14 Total 4 531 300 2 380 108 701 762 11 COUNTRIES 99% OF THE PRODUCTION 2013
#9 trade balance
18 16 14 12 10 8 6 CONSUMPTION IMPORTS PRODUCTION EXPORTS 4 2 0 1980 2000 2020 VEGETABLE OILS : MT AFRICA Dataset: OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2015-2024
1 0 1 970 1 980 1 990 2 000 2 010-1 -2-3 -4-5 PALM OIL TRADE BALANCE MT AFRICAN COUTRIES FAOSTAT 2015 CPO + KPO
2 000 2 005 2 010 400 200 0-200 -400-600 Côte d'ivoire Angola Benin Uganda Djibouti 2 000 2 005 2 010 400 200 0-200 -400-600 Kenya Tanzania Egypt -800 Ethiopia -800-1 000 South Africa -1 000-1 200-1 400 Nigeria -1 200-1 400 PALM OIL TRADE BALANCE KT AFRICAN COUTRIES FAOSTAT 2015 CPO + KPO
#10 large scale
CIV 3rd plan new investors traditional investors 0 400 000 800 000 Southeast Asian plantation companies plantation companies established in Africa for a long time multinationals energy sector 2015 ha allocations investment funds trading companies CIV 3rd plan AGRO-INDUSTRY HA 2015 vs ALLOCATED Claude JANNOT
0 200 000 400 000 600 000 Sifca Socfin Siat PalmAfrique Feronia CDC Wilmar International Ltd Olam Dekel Oil Sinar Mas Siva Herakles Wah Seong Corporation Berhad KLK Sime Darby Plantation SARPD Oil 2015 ha allocations AGRO-INDUSTRY HA 2015 vs ALLOCATED Claude JANNOT
0 400000 800000 1200000 Liberia Côte d'ivoire Sierra Leone Cameroon Congo 2015 ha allocations Gabon Nigeria Congo DR Ghana AGRO-INDUSTRY HA 2015 vs ALLOCATED Claude JANNOT
RSPO PROCEDURE EX : Olam Gabon Feintrenie 2014 (1) the government accepted, in principle, to lease a concession to Olam (2) Olam consulted with the communities which would potentially be affected, assessed the effect the plantation projects would have, and then signed a Free Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC) in each village (3) where FPICs were refused by the local population, the land was excluded from the concession (4) Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) were carried out (5) High Conservation Value (HCV) zones, where the environmental impacts of the project would be negative, were excluded from the concession
conclusion