The permit holder is ultimately responsible for compliance with all aspects of the building code.

Summary of Residential Code Requirements Building Safety Room 210 City Hall Duluth MN 55802 Ph 218/730-5300 Fax 730-5901 http://www.duluthmn.gov/building_safety/permits.cfm The first step in beginning your residential construction project is to determine the major requirements of the MN State Residential Code and Duluth Zoning Code. The following guide will help you on your way to preparing documents for plan review and help you anticipate the most common issues which arise during construction. The State of MN delegates administration of the State Building code to municipalities and requires the designation of a building official responsible for enforcement of the building code including issuing building permits. Construction of and improvements to one and two family dwellings and townhouses are required by the State of Minnesota to be in accordance with the 2007 Minnesota State Building Code (MSBC), which includes the Residential Energy Code Chapter 1322, as well as the 2007 Minnesota State Residential Code (MSRC), which includes the 2006 International Residential Code (IRC) as amended by Minnesota Rules Chapter 1309. The City of Duluth Zoning Code, Chapters 50 and 51 includes Zoning Regulations and Water Management Regulations. The building code is a minimum standard that is meant to help protect health, safety and welfare for us and those we care about. There is nothing in the code to prevent construction that exceeds building code minimums. We strongly encourage purchase of applicable codes to use as a reference when designing and beginning the construction of a building project. Copies of the IRC with the MN amendments are available at the Minnesota Bookstore (651-297-3000) and for viewing in the Duluth Public Library. Duluth Zoning Regulations are available for purchase in the Building Safety office and online at: http://library1.municode.com/minutes/home.htm?infobase=50009&doc_action=whatsnew Applicable Minnesota Rules are also available online at: https://www.revisor.leg.state.mn.us/rules/?id=1309&view=chapter A detailed and complete set of plans will greatly help speed your project along. This will result in fewer delays during plan review and will minimize problems during construction. The permit holder is ultimately responsible for compliance with all aspects of the building code. The intent of this handout is to summarize code requirements and regulations to assist in the planning of projects and preparation of construction documents. Refer to the entire building code for a complete list of building code requirements. The Minnesota State Residential Code classifies four occupancy categories: IRC - 1 Single Family Dwelling IRC- 2 Two family Dwelling IRC - 3 Townhouse IRC - 4 Accessory structures (garages, storage sheds and similar) RESIDENCES (also see Zoning Code Regulations regarding types of residences.) MSRC R202 DWELLING: Single family Any building that contains one dwelling unit used, intended, or designed to be built, used, rented, leased, let or hired out to be occupied, or occupied for living purposes. DWELLING: Two family Any building that contains two separate dwelling units with separation either horizontal or vertical on one lot that is used, intended, or designed to be built, used, rented, leased, let or hired out to be occupied, or occupied for living purposes. DWELLING: Townhouse A single family dwelling unit constructed in a group of two or more attached units in which each unit extends from the foundation to the roof and having open space on at least two sides of each unit. Each single family dwelling unit shall be considered to be a separate building. Separate building service utilities shall be provided to each single family dwelling unit when required by other chapters of the MN State Building Code. Page 1 of 10

LOCATION ON LOT MSRC R302.1, Duluth Zoning Code Zoning setback requirements may be more restrictive than building code requirements. Refer to the Duluth Zoning Code regarding the specific setback requirements for your project. Zoning setbacks are from property lines. Site plans are required. Surveys: Refer to our office policy handout for survey requirements. Fire separation distance The distance measured from the building face to the closest interior lot line, to the centerline of a street, alley or public way, or to an imaginary line between two buildings on the property. The distance shall be measured at right angles from the lot line. Exterior walls. Construction, projections, openings, and penetrations of exterior walls of dwellings and accessory buildings shall comply with Table R302.1. These provisions shall not apply to walls, projections, openings, or penetrations in walls that are perpendicular to the line used to determine the fire separation distance. Projections beyond the exterior shall not extend more than 12 inches into areas where openings are prohibited. Detached garages accessory to a dwelling located within 2 feet of a lot line are permitted to have eave projections not exceeding 4 inches. Foundation vents installed in compliance with this code are permitted. FIRE SEPARATION DISTANCE Less than 2 2-5 No projections allowed One-hour fire-resistance rating required (5/8 gypsum sheathing on the underside -one hour & no openings permitted) PROJECTIONS (OVERHANGS) Less than 5 5 and over Less than <5 5 and over Less than 3 3 - <5 5 and over Protection required (see R317.3) No restrictions One-hour fire-resistance rating required No restrictions No Openings Permitted No doors, windows, etc. 25% Wall Area Permitted for Openings No Restrictions Unlimited Openings Permitted PENETRATIONS WALLS OPENINGS FIRE SEPARATION DISTANCE The distance from the building to the closest interior lot line or an imaginary line between two buildings on a lot or the centerline of a street alley or public way NOTE: See exceptions regarding foundation vents and accessory detached garages within 2-0 of lot line. Illustration adapted from the 2006 IRC Table R302.1 for exterior walls, as adopted by the state of Minnesota Page 2 of 10

FOOTINGS MSRC Section 403, MN Rules 1303.1600 As a general rule 20 in. wide x 8 in. thick footings with (2) #4 rebar placed 3 in. above the bottom footing will suffice for most conventional light frame residences that are 2 stories or less in height, with basements considered to be stories. See Table R403.1 for buildings with 3 or more stories and brick or masonry construction. In the City of Duluth we assume 1500 psf soil bearing as a default value. To determine a higher bearing capacity, a report from a geotechnical professional will need to be provided. A minimum of (1) #4 rebar vertical shall be provided in piers. EXTERIOR INSULATION WATERPROOFING REBAR FOOTING WIDTH FOUNDATION WALL VAPOR BARRIER SLAB THICKNESS Reinforcing bars in footings may be used to ground buildings per NEC 250.50 and 250.52. Residences are required to be grounded. DRAIN WIDTH THICKNESS FOUNDATION WALLS MN Rules Ch. 1303, 1309 & 1322 Rebar: See section R404 for numerous tables that show minimum reinforcing steel requirements. Both vertically spaced rebar and horizontally spaced rebar are required, depending upon the type of wall that is being proposed. WEEPS Example of a foundation detail. Plans: Wall thickness, height of backfill, type of soil used for backfill, reinforcing of concrete and anchorage must be clearly shown on plans for all foundation types. Plans must be fully descriptive of the work that is being proposed. Frost depth: Minimum depth from grade to bottom of footing in Duluth is 60. Anchorage: The wood sole plate at exterior walls shall be anchored to the foundation with anchor bolts spaced max 6 o.c., unless tighter restrictions are required per Table R404.1 (2). Anchor bolts shall also be located within 12 from the ends of each plate section and at corners. Bolts shall be at least ½ in dia., shall extend a minimum of 7 into masonry or concrete and when installed in masonry shall be grouted in place with at least one inch of grout between the bolt and the masonry. Poured concrete foundations must comply with the MSRC Chapter 4 and MSBC 1309, or be designed, and plans stamped by a Minnesota licensed structural engineer. Masonry foundations must comply with the MSRC Chapter 4 or be designed and plans stamped by a Minnesota licensed structural engineer. To minimize damage from freezing of block below grade, best practice is use of 3-hole block with all cores fully filled. Insulated concrete form (ICF) foundations shall comply with the MSRC Chapter 4 or be designed by a Minnesota licensed engineer. Published manufacturer s data may be used if it is based on engineering analysis in accordance with ACI 318 (structural reference standard). Wood foundations shall be designed and plans stamped by a Minnesota licensed structural engineer. Design and complete plans, specifications and calculations required clearly showing compliance with the building code. Frost protected shallow foundations must comply with the MSRC Chapter 4 and be designed with plans stamped by a Minnesota licensed engineer. Waterproofing Basements must be waterproofed as required in R406. Any product proposed that is not prescribed in this section requires Building Official approval and must be specified on construction documents. Surface drainage Surface drainage shall be diverted to a storm sewer conveyance or other approved point of collection so as to not create a hazard. Lots shall be graded so as to drain surface water away from foundation walls. Slope grade away from foundation walls a minimum of 6 inches within the first 10 feet, per R401.3. Foundation drainage. Foundation drainage is required below the floor on both sides of footings. Perforated pipe on 2 minimum bed of 3/4 inch crushed rock or larger, covered with 6 of the same material and filter fabric. Discharge must be to daylight or a sump. Install weeps or cross-overs to allow flow to drain. Exterior foam insulation installed vertically must be protected above grade and to 6 below grade. When installed horizontally, protection is required where foam is less than 12 below grade or extends more than 24 in. from the foundation. Page 3 of 10

FLOORS MSRC Chapter 5, MN Rules Ch. 1322 SEE DULUTH BUILDING SAFETY S RADON HANDOUT FOR MORE FLOOR REQUIREMENTS FOR NEW DWELLINGS Concrete floors A 6-mil poly vapor retarder is required under concrete floors except in unheated structures. Fill material shall be free of vegetation and foreign material, compacted to ensure uniform support and, except where approved, shall not exceed 24 in. for clean sand or gravel and 8 in. for earth. A 4 in. thick base course of clean graded sand, gravel or crushed stone shall be placed on the prepared sub-grade when the slab is below grade. Under-floor space (such as a crawl space). Ventilation is required with min net openings of 1 sf per 150 sf of under floor area. The ventilation may not be required in some circumstances in accordance with IRC R408.3. An access opening is required minimum 16 x 24 with a 16 x 24 areaway at the interior of the access. 18 x 20 required if through the floor. Floor framing plans must be submitted with construction documents for plan review. Where engineered lumber products are to be used, engineered plans must be submitted. Indicate all beams and columns. WALLS MSRC R 318 & Chapters 5, 6 and 7, MN Residential Energy Code Plans. A wall section must be submitted with construction documents depicting all components of the proposed wall assembly. MSRC Section R319 requires use of treated or decay resistant wood in some situations. Interior Air Barrier. Shall be located on the warm side of the wall, per R318 and the Energy Code. Exterior Wind Wash Barrier. Shall be tightly installed to framing and covered at the exterior side of the wall to prevent the intrusion of moisture into the wall. This shall extend to at least the top of the insulation. Headers. Wall sections shall be included, using either the tables located in chapters 5 and 6, or as engineered. Also, Table R502.5(1) provides typical conditions and requirements. Wall Bracing: See R602.10 for complete design requirements. Typically, corners require a section 4 wide sheathed with plywood or OSB. The code allows for alternate bracing methods. Plans must indicate the method use for required wall bracing. ROOF & CEILING MSRC Chapters 8 & 9, MN Residential Energy Code Ventilation: Typically, a 1 minimum gap is required from the soffit ventilation to roof or ridge vents. See section 806 of the MSRC for details and specific requirements. Please note that hot roofs are not allowed by the code. Attic Access: Opening shall be a minimum of 22 x30, with at least 30 in. of clear head room and shall be gasketed to prevent heat loss. Locate attic access in a hall, room or similar location. Ice Barrier: Extend ice and water shield at least 24 in. inside the exterior wall line. Truss Clips: Note that wind uplift is difficult to resist with simple toe-nailing alone on many roofs. Care should be taken to ensure that the roof trusses are secured properly to resist wind pressures of 20 psf. MINIMUM DESIGN LIVE LOADS MSRC R301.5 The following structural design live loads are minimum values. Dead loads for structures depend on the materials that are used. Care should be taken in the design to meet this criteria: Exterior balconies Decks Fire escapes Passenger vehicle garages Unfinished attics without storage Unfinished attics with storage Rooms other than sleeping rooms Sleeping rooms Stairs Guards in handrails CLIMATIC AND GEOGRAPHIC DESIGN CRITERIA IRC R301, SBC 1309.O301 Ground Snow Load Roof Snow Load Wind Speed Wind Exposure Category Seismic Design Category Frost depth Winter Design Temperature Subject to Damage From: 60 lbs psf 40 lbs psf 40 lbs psf 50 lbs psf, except elevated garage floors shall support 2000 lbs over 20 si 10 lbs psf 20 lbs psf 40 lbs psf 30 lbs psf 40 psf or 300 lbs concentrated over 4 si, whichever produces greater stresses 200 lbs in a single concentrated load applied in any direction at any point along the top (Typically 2 thru-bolts, with solid blocking to joists, and no notches.) 60 lbs psf 42 lbs psf 90 mph Determined on a site specific basis Not applicable 60 inches -20 degrees F Severe Slight to moderate Weathering Termites Page 4 of 10 Decay None to slight

LIGHT, VENTILATION AND HEATING MSRC R303 Habitable rooms, Adjoining rooms, Bathrooms and Stairways all require both ventilation and lighting. Both natural and artificial methods are permitted. See the above code section in this regard. As a general rule, if natural lighting and ventilation is to be provided, window openings shall be 8% of the floor area for lighting and 4% of the floor area for ventilation. Habitable space is a space in a building for living, sleeping, eating or cooking. Bathrooms, toilet rooms, closets, halls, storage or utility spaces and similar areas are not considered habitable spaces. Required glazed openings shall open directly onto a street or public alley, or a yard or court located on the same lot as the building. Required heating. Every dwelling unit shall be provided with heating facilities capable of maintaining a minimum room temperature of 68ºF at a point 3 above the floor and 2 from exterior walls in all habitable rooms at the design temperature. MINIMUM ROOM AREAS MSRC R304 Minimum area Every dwelling unit shall have at least one habitable room that shall have not less than 120 sf of gross floor area. Other rooms Except kitchens habitable rooms shall have a floor area of not less than 70 sf, except every kitchen shall have not less than 50 sf of gross floor area. Minimum dimensions. Except kitchens, habitable rooms shall not be less than 7 feet in any horizontal dimension. CEILING HEIGHT MSRC R305 Minimum height Habitable rooms, hallways, corridors, bathrooms, toilet rooms, and basements shall have a ceiling height of not less than 7 feet. The required height shall be measured from the finish floor to the lowest projection from the ceiling. Areas or rooms with ceiling heights less than 7 feet are considered crawl spaces. Exceptions: 1. Beams and girders spaced not less than 4 feet on center may project not more than 6 inches below the required ceiling height. 2. Not more than 50 percent of the required floor area of a room or space is permitted to have a sloped ceiling less than 7 feet in height with no portion of the required floor area less than 5 feet in height. 24 min OPENING HEIGHT EXAMPLE EGRESS WINDOW 20 min OPENING WIDTH 5.7SF CLEAR VENT OPENING, SEE MANUFACTURER S INFO HEAD HEIGHT EGRESS WINDOWS MSRC R310 Emergency escape and rescue openings. Basements and every sleeping room shall have at least one openable emergency escape and rescue window or exterior door opening for emergency escape and rescue. Where openings are provided as a means of escape and rescue, they shall have a sill height of not more than 44 above the floor. Where a door opening having a threshold below the adjacent ground elevation serves as an emergency escape and rescue opening and is provided with a bulkhead enclosure the bulkhead enclosure shall comply with Section 310.3. The net clear opening dimensions required by this section shall be obtained by the normal operation of the window or door opening from the inside. Escape and rescue window openings with a finished sill height below the adjacent ground elevation shall be provided with a window well. Under decks and porches a minimum height of 36 shall be maintained above the exterior grade from the exterior wall to a public way. Minimum opening area All emergency escape and rescue openings shall have a minimum net clear opening of 5.7 sf, except grade floor openings shall have a minimum net clear opening of 5 sf (see window well handout). Most window manufacturers list this information. 44 INCH MAXIMUM SILL HEIGHT Minimum opening height and width The net clear opening height shall be 24 minimum. The net clear opening width shall be 20 minimum. Operational constraints: Emergency escape and rescue openings shall be operational from the inside of the room without the use of keys or tools or special knowledge. FLOOR Page 5 of 10

Replacement windows Replacement windows installed in buildings meeting the scope of the International Residential Code shall be exempt from the requirements of Sections R310.1, R310.1.1, R310.1.2, and R310.1.3 if the replacement window meets the following conditions: 1. The replacement window is the manufacturer's largest standard size window that will fit within the existing frame or existing rough opening. The replacement window shall be permitted to be of the same operating style as the existing window or a style that provides for a greater window opening area than the existing window; 2. The rooms or areas are not used for any Minnesota state licensed purpose requiring an egress window; 3. The window is not required to be replaced pursuant to The Duluth Housing Code. Window wells. Window wells required for emergency escape and rescue shall have horizontal dimensions that allow the door or window of the emergency escape and rescue opening to be fully opened. The horizontal dimensions of the window well shall provide a minimum net clear area of 9 sf with a minimum horizontal projection and width of 36 in., and shall provide at least 36 in. vertically under decks and porches. The required ladder or steps shall be permitted to encroach a maximum of 6 in. into the required dimensions of the window well. Footing depth below grade must be maintained at window well locations. See Window Well Handout for more information. Ladder and steps in window wells. Window wells with a vertical depth greater than 44 below the adjacent ground level shall be equipped with a permanently affixed ladder or steps usable with the window in the fully open position. Ladders or rungs shall have an inside width of at least 12, shall project at least 3 from the wall and shall be spaced not more than 18 on center vertically for the full height of the window well. Bars, grills, covers and screens. Bars, grills, covers, screens or similar devices are permitted to be placed over emergency escape and rescue openings, bulkhead enclosures, or window wells that serve such openings, provided the minimum net clear opening size equals that required for egress windows. Release or removal shall be from the inside and shall not require the use of a key, tool, special knowledge or force greater than that which is required for normal operation of the escape and rescue opening. FLASHING MSRC R703.8 Approved corrosion-resistive flashing shall be provided in the exterior wall envelope in such a manner as to prevent entry of water into the wall cavity or penetration of water to the building structural framing components. Typical locations include deck ledger boards and other horizontal projections, among other conditions addressed by the code. The flashing shall extend to the surface of the exterior wall finish and shall be installed to prevent water from reentering the exterior wall envelope. Flashing shall be installed in the locations required in R703.8. Window and door flashing shall be according to manufacturer s instructions. Instructions shall be available on job site for inspectors. Pan flashing is required at all exterior windows and doors unless another flashing method is provided by the product manufacturer. Typically, pan flashing is installed so that it slopes to the exterior and has a sealed back dam to prevent water from entering the wall cavity or interior spaces. Refer to the code section for approved methods. Step flashing is required at locations such as wall to roof intersections and chimneys. SAFETY GLASS (GLAZING) MSRC R308 Hazardous locations. The following shall be considered specific hazardous locations for the purposes of glazing: 1. Glazing in swinging doors except jalousies. 2. Glazing in fixed and sliding panels of sliding door assemblies and panels in sliding and bi-fold closet door assemblies. 3. Glazing in storm doors. 4. Glazing in doors and enclosures for hot tubs, whirlpools, saunas, steam rooms, bathtubs and showers. Glazing in any part of a building wall enclosing these compartments where the bottom exposed edge of the glazing is less than 60 in. measured vertically above any standing or walking surface. 5. Glazing, in an individual fixed or operable panel adjacent to a door where the nearest vertical edge is within a 24 in. arc of the door in a closed position and whose bottom edge is less than 60 in. above the floor or walking surface. 6. Glazing in an individual fixed or operable panel, other than those locations above, that meets all of the following conditions: Exposed area of an individual pane greater than 9 sf. Bottom edge less than 18 in. above the floor. Top edge greater than 36 in. above the floor. One or more walking surfaces within 36 in. horizontally of the glazing. 7. All glazing in railings, regardless of an area or height above a walking surface. Included are structural baluster panels and nonstructural in-fill panels. 8. Glazing in walls and fences enclosing indoor and outdoor swimming pools, hot tubs and spas where the bottom edge of the glazing is less than 60 in. above a walking surface and within 60 horizontally of the water's edge. This shall apply to single glazing and all panes in multiple glazing. Page 6 of 10

9. Glazing in walls enclosing stairway landings or within 60 in. of the top and bottom of stairways where the bottom edge of the glass is less than 60 in. above the walking surface. 10. Glazing adjacent to stairways, landings and ramps within 36 in. horizontally of a walking surface when the exposed surface of the glass is less than 60 in. above the plane of the adjacent walking surface. 11. Glazing adjacent to stairways within 60 in. horizontally of the bottom tread of a stairway in any direction when the exposed surface of the glass is less than 60 in. above the nose of the tread. Identification. Each pane of glazing installed in hazardous locations shall be provided with a manufacturer's or installer's label, designating the type and thickness of glass and the safety glazing standard with which it complies, which is visible in the final installation. SANITATION MSRC R306 Toilet facilities. Every dwelling unit shall be provided with a water closet, lavatory, and a bathtub or shower. Kitchen. Each dwelling unit shall be provided with a kitchen area and every kitchen area shall be provided with a sink. Sewage disposal. All plumbing fixtures shall be connected to a sanitary sewer or to an approved private sewage disposal system. Water supply to fixtures. All plumbing fixtures shall be connected to an approved water supply. Kitchen sinks, lavatories, bathtubs, showers, bidets, laundry tubs and washing machine outlets shall be provided with hot and cold water. TOILET, BATH AND SHOWER SPACES MSRC R307, MN Plumbing Code 4715.1220 Space required. Fixtures shall be spaced, as a minimum, in accordance with the above diagram: Bathtub and shower spaces. Bathtub and shower floors and walls above bathtubs with installed showerheads and in shower compartments shall be finished with a nonabsorbent surface. Such nonabsorbent wall surfaces shall extend to a height of not less than 6 feet above the floor. Page 7 of 10

EXITS MSRC R311 Exit doors. Not less than one exit door shall be provided from each dwelling unit directly to the exterior and may not pass through a garage. The required exit door shall be a side-hinged door not less than 3 in width and 6-8 in height. Hallways. The minimum width of a hallway shall be not less than 3. Exit facilities. Exterior exit balconies, stairs and similar exit facilities shall be positively anchored to the primary structure to resist both vertical and lateral forces. This attachment shall not be allowed by use of nails subject to withdrawal. RAMPS MSRC R311.6 Ramps shall have a maximum slope of one unit vertical in 12 units horizontal. Handrails shall be provided on at least one side of all ramps exceeding a slope of one unit vertical in 12 units horizontal. A minimum 3 x 3 landing shall be provided at the top and bottom of ramps, where doors open onto ramps and where ramps change direction. STAIRWAYS MSRC R311.5 Stairways. Stairways shall not be less than 36 inches in clear width at all points above the permitted handrail height and below the required headroom height. Handrails shall not project more than 4.5 on either side of the stairway and the minimum clear width of the stairway at and below the handrail height, including treads and landings, shall not be less than 31.5 where a handrail is installed on one side and 27 where handrails are provided on both sides. The maximum riser height shall be 7-3/4 and the minimum tread depth shall be 10. The riser height shall be measured vertically between leading edges of the adjacent treads. The tread depth shall be measured horizontally between the vertical planes of the foremost projection of adjacent treads and at a right angle to the tread's leading edge. The walking surface of treads and landings of a stairway shall be sloped no steeper than one unit vertical in 48 units horizontal (2%). The greatest riser height within any flight of stairs shall not exceed the smallest by more than 3/8. The greatest tread depth within any flight of stairs shall not exceed the smallest by more than 3/8. Open risers are permitted, provided that the opening between treads does not permit the passage of a 4 dia. sphere. The minimum headroom in all parts of the stairway shall not be less than 6-8 measured vertically from the sloped plane adjoining the tread nosing or from the floor surface of the landing or platform. Requirements for winders, spiral stairs and circular stairways are addressed in the state building code. See Minnesota State Building Code Section 1309.0311 for complete requirements. Stairway illumination. All interior and exterior stairways shall be provided with a means to illuminate the stairs, including the landings and treads. CEILING HEIGHT 6-8 MINIMUM 7 ¾ MAX RISER RETURN RAILING TO WALL 10 MIN TREAD 34-38 RAILING HEIGHT Example of a stair detail. Under stair protection. Enclosed accessible space under stairs shall have walls, under stair surface, and soffits protected on the enclosed side with ½ gypsum board. LANDINGS MSRC R311 Landings at doors. There shall be a floor or landing on each side of the required exterior door. The floor or landing at a required exit door shall not be more than 1.5 lower than the top of the threshold. If, however, a door does not swing over the landing, other than an exterior storm or screen door, then 7-3/4 below the top of the threshold is allowed. Landings for stairways. There shall be a floor or landing at the top and bottom of each stairway, except at the top of an interior flight of stairs, provided a door does not swing over the stairs. Size. The width of each landing shall not be less than the door served. Every landing shall have a minimum dimension of 36 measured in the direction of travel. STAIR STRINGER PROTECTION UNDER STAIR Page 8 of 10

1 1/4-2 DIAMETER 1 1/2 MIN 1 1/4-2 ¾ WIDTH 1 1/2 MIN 1 3/4 MIN HANDRAILS MSRC R311.5.6 Handrails. Handrails having minimum and maximum heights of 34 and 38, respectively, measured vertically from the nosing of the treads, shall be provided on at least one side of stairways. All required handrails shall be continuous the full length of the stairs with four or more risers from a point directly above the top riser of a flight to a point directly above the lowest riser of the flight. Ends shall be returned or shall terminate in newel posts or safety terminals. Handrails adjacent to a wall shall have a space of not less than 1.5 between the wall and the handrail. Handrails may be interrupted by a newel post at a turn. The use of volute, turnout, or starting easing is allowed over the lowest tread. Design live load of 200 pounds applied in any direction is required. TYPE I EXAMPLE TYPE II EXAMPLE Handrail grip size. R311.5.6.3 Handrail grip size. All required handrails shall be of one of the following types or provide equivalent graspability. See illustration: GUARDS MSRC R312 Guards required Porches, balconies or raised floor surfaces located more than 30 in. above the floor or grade below shall have guards not less than 36 in. in height. Open sides of stairs with a total rise of more than 30 in. above the floor or grade below shall have guards not less than 34 in. in height measured vertically from the nosing of the treads. Design live load of 200 pounds applied in any direction is required. Guard opening limitations Required guards on open sides of stairways, raised floor areas, balconies, and porches shall have intermediate rails or ornamental closures that do not allow passage of a sphere 4 in. diameter, except the triangular openings formed by the riser, tread, and bottom rail of a guard at the open side of a stairway are permitted to be of a size such that a 6 in. sphere cannot pass through. Openings for required guards on the sides of stair treads shall not allow a sphere 4-3/8 inches to pass through. SMOKE ALARMS MSRC R313 Smoke alarms shall be installed in each sleeping room, outside of each separate sleeping area in the immediate vicinity of the bedrooms, as well as each additional story of the dwelling, including basements but not including crawl spaces and uninhabitable attics. When more than one smoke alarm is required to be installed, the alarm devices shall be interconnected in such a manner that all devices will activate if one is activated. All smoke alarms shall be hardwired with battery back-up and installed in accordance with the provisions of this code and the household fire warning equipment provisions of NFPA 72. Alterations, repairs or additions. When interior alterations, repairs or additions requiring a permit occur, the individual dwelling unit shall be provided with smoke alarms located as required for new dwellings. Smoke alarms added to existing are not required to be hardwired, unless the alterations expose ceiling and wall structure. CO DETECTORS CO Detectors are required within 10 ft. of each sleeping area. FOAM PLASTIC MSRC R314 Spray foam insulation requires specific approval for each project for the proposed use. Technical data and test results shall be submitted for review by the Building Official at the time of building permit application. Thermal barrier. All foam plastic or foam plastic cores in manufactured assemblies used in building construction shall have a flamespread rating of not more than 75 and shall have a smoke-developed rating of not more than 450 and, except where otherwise noted, shall be separated from the interior of a building by minimum ½ inch gypsum board or an approved finish material equivalent to a thermal barrier. Attics and crawlspaces. Within attics and crawlspaces where access is required by other sections of the code and entry is made only for service of utilities, foam plastics shall be protected against ignition by 1-1/2-inch-thick mineral fiber insulation, 1/4-inch-thick wood structural panels, 3/8-inch particleboard, 1/4-inch hardboard, 3/8-inch gypsum board, or corrosion-resistant steel having a base metal thickness of 0.016 inch. Foam plastic in the rim joist area. Foam plastic shall be permitted to be spray-applied to a sill plate and header (rim joist) without thermal barrier if all of the following conditions exist: The maximum thickness of the foam plastic shall not exceed 5-1/2. The foam plastic shall have a flame spread index of 25 or less and an accompanying smoke developed index of 450 or less when tested in accordance with ASTM E84. Refer to manufacturer s listed perm rating for use as a vapor retarder. Page 9 of 10

VAPOR RETARDERS MSRC R318, R506 In all above grade framed walls, floors, and roof/ceilings comprising elements of the building thermal envelope, a vapor retarder shall be installed on the warm-in-winter side of the insulation. It need not be sealed unless it also serves as the air barrier required by the energy code. A 6-mil polyethylene or approved vapor retarder with joints lapped not less than 6 inches shall be placed between the concrete floor slab and the base course or the prepared subgrade where no base course exists. The vapor retarder may be omitted from garages, utility buildings and other unheated accessory structures and from driveways, walks, patios and other flatwork not likely to be enclosed and heated at a later date. SEE DULUTH BUILDING SAFETY S RADON HANDOUT FOR MORE REQUIREMENTS FOR NEW DWELLINGS ENERGY CODE MN Rules Ch. 1322 New detached one and two family dwellings shall comply with the current Minnesota Residential Energy Code. Some of the most common tabular R-values are as follows: Ceiling R-44, Walls R-19, Foundation Walls and Rim R-10, Floors R-30, Slab R-10. Windows and doors shall have a U-factor no greater than.35. See handout and the Minnesota Residential Energy Code for additional information, including air barrier and foundation insulation requirements. RADON MN Rules Ch. 1322 Radon mitigation is now required. An informational handout is available in Building Safety office. See the Minnesota Residential Energy Code for complete information. DECKS Deck informational packet is available with application and instructions in Building Safety office and online at http://www.duluthmn.gov/building_safety/permits ATTACHED GARAGES AND CARPORTS MSRC R309 Opening protection. Openings from a private garage directly into a room used for sleeping purposes shall not be permitted. Other openings between the garage and residence shall be equipped with solid wood doors not less than 1 3/8 in thickness, solid or honeycomb core steel doors not less than 1 3/8 thick, or 20-minute fire-rated doors. Duct penetration. Ducts in the garage and ducts penetrating the walls or ceilings separating the dwelling from the garage shall be constructed of a minimum No. 26 gage sheet steel or other approved material and shall have no openings into the garage. Fire separation with gypsum board is required between garage and residence and in some cases on the garage ceiling and bearing walls. Separation must continue through the building, separating the attic and habitable spaces from the garage. See the code for specifics. Floors. We recommend that the area of floor used for parking of automobiles or other vehicles shall be sloped to facilitate the movement of liquids to a drain. Concrete floor slabs in unheated garages can be moved by the affects of frost. Pour the garage floor separate from foundation and place walls directly on the foundation to allow this movement to be independent so it does not affect other elements of the structure. Wall Bracing: See R602.10 for complete design requirements. Typically, corners require a section 4 wide sheathed with plywood or OSB. The code allows for alternate bracing methods. Plans must indicate the method use for required wall bracing. Carports. Carports shall be open on at least two sides. Carport floors may be of concrete, asphalt, sand, gravel, crushed rock or natural earth and asphalt surfaces shall be permitted at ground level. Carports not open on at least two sides shall be considered a garage and shall comply with the provisions of this section for garages. DETACHED GARAGES Garage informational packet is available with complete application and instructions in Building Safety office. CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS MN Rules 1300.0130 Now that you have the basic building code requirements for your residential permit application, it is up to you to provide complete drawings and any other information that describes exactly what you intend to do. The more information you provide, the easier it will be to understand by both plan reviewers and building inspectors. This will greatly help speed your project along, which will help everyone avoid unexpected delays. Page 10 of 10