The Emerald Ash Borer: What You Need to Know SavATree
Emerald Ash Borer Agrilus planipennis
Emerald Ash Borer Agrilus planipennis
EAB Adult feeding
Emerald Ash Borer (EAB) Attacked and killed tens of millions of ash in Michigan alone Killed tens of millions more ash trees throughout the Great Lakes Region, Midwest, Mid Atlantic Region, and Canada Estimated tens of billions of dollars of economic impact Compliance agreements are required Violating quarantine regulations can result in fines and imprisonment
ey Points Emerald Ash Borer Agrilus planipennis Native ash have not co evolved with EAB EAB does not discriminate Females lay 60 to 90 eggs each season Attack the circulatory system of the tree
EAB Host Preferences Attacks all species of ash trees (genus Fraxinus): white, green, black, blue Mountain ash (Sorbus) or prickly ash (Zanthoxylum) are not true ashes Attacks trees in any condition: healthy or stressed Attacks ashes of all sizes
EAB History in North America 2002: First discovered in southeast Michigan Arrived sometime in early to mid 1990s? Wooden packing crates/pallets from Asia 15 20 million ash trees affected 2002: Discovered in Ontario, Canada 2003: Discovered in Maryland Illegal sale of ash nursery stock from Michigan 2003: Discovered in Ohio 2004: Discovered in west central Indiana
Interactive EAB Timeline Interactive EAB Timeline
Pennsylvania Emerald Ash Borer Timeline June 2007 First confirmed in PA Detected in Cranberry Township in Butler County and Marshall Township in Allegheny County June 2008 Found in West Middlesex, Mercer County 2009 Identified in Granville, Mifflin County; then Allegheny Township, Westmoreland County spread to Washington, Armstrong, Indiana and Juanita Counties September 2010 18 counties under quarantine March 2012 Confirmed in Bucks County August 2013 Detected in Montgomery County May 2015 Pennsylvania counties confirmed fro EAB
Pennsylvania Infestation
Treatment Options Soil injection or drench Imidacloprid Annual application Must travel through soil to the roots To be moved throughout the entire tree, a healthy vascular system is required Preferred method for smaller trees
Soil Injection & Drench
Treatment Options Trunk injection Emamectin benzoate Treatment lasts 2 years Closed system Studies have shown best results To be moved throughout the entire tree, a healthy vascular system is required Preferred method for larger trees
Trunk Injection Photos
Treatment Options Cover sprays Many products available Multiple applications needed Not a closed system Controls adults Affects non target insects and beneficial insects
Tree Spray
ther (non treatment) Options Tree Removal Identify low value and hazardous trees Identify smaller trees that can be easily replaced
EAB Lifecycle adults ne generation per year dult beetles active from late May to early ugust peak in June eetles feed on ash leaves for about a week & hen mate emales lay 60 90 eggs (1 mm in size) in their 3 o 6 week lifetime ggs are deposited individually in bark crevices
AB Lifecycle eggs to larvae Eggs hatch in 2 to 3 weeks New larvae chew through the bark down to the cambial layer and feed on phloem and outermost sapwood Most feeding and growth occurs between August and October Larval stage damages and kills the tree Fully grown larvae complete their feeding in a shallow chamber in the bark
AB Lifecycle larvae to adult ull grown larvae over winter in shallow hambers arly spring pupation occurs ewly formed adults stay in chamber for a eek or two dult beetles emerge from a D shaped hole
EAB Adult Habits Strong attraction to ash trees healthy or stressed Active during the day Prefers the upper part of the crown Can fly ½ to one mile in a season Are most active on warm & sunny days Seek shelter in bark crevices and under leaves during inclement weather
Emerald Ash Borer Agrilus planipennis What to look for: Upper canopy die back D shaped holes in trunk Vertical split in bark Serpentine galleries beneath bark Prolific sprouting (epicormic shoots) Woodpecker damage
Chicago Botanic Garden rch 2013 Dundee Road before removals
Chicago Botanic Garden rch 2013 Dundee Road before removals
Chicago Botanic Garden pril 2013 Dundee Road after removals
Emerald Ash Borer Agrilus planipennis What can be done? Raise awareness through education Inventory and assess your tree population Develop a plan (see SMA s EAB paper) Treat high value & desirable ash trees Remove & destroy trees that are not desired Diversify tree population udget for treatment or budget for removal
Emerald Ash Borer: What You Need to Know lan for when EAB arrives, not if it arrives ecause it will. nderstand that once EAB is in your area it can ove through your ash trees very quickly, often efore trees show any signs or symptoms. now what you have; do your inventory now. btain costs to remove undesirable trees now. btain costs to treat your desirable trees now. evelop a budget and implementation plan now. Do it now!
ethods Data Collection ArcGIS Online utputs Data Maps Analysis Planning
aps ata anagement plan
Goal is approximate location Tree Diameter (Size) Health of tree Condition of tree Perceived value of tree Recommendations Investment
Emerald Ash Borer: Good Resources epartment of Agriculture http://www.mda.state.mn.us/ erald Ash Borer http://www.emeraldashborer.info niversity of Minnesota Extension www.extension.umn.edu/issues/eab
Emerald Ash Borer: What You Need to Know Alison Pottage ISA Certified Arborist 201 Colwell Lane Conshohocken, PA 19428 apottage@savatree.com 610 636 5616 cell 610 941 7766 office