Terminal Island Renewable Energy Project Bureau of Sanitation Department of Public Works September 9, 2003 1
Background Sites investigated Over one million tons of treated municipal biosolids are generated each year in Southern California 1/3 of that is generated by the City Currently, the City s pathogen-free, exceptional quality Class A biosolids material is mainly spread on farmland in Kern County for non-food crops. 2
Renewable Concept Converts biosolids to clean energy through thermal treatment & biodegradation Utilizes abandoned/depleted oil & gas reservoirs Uses proven technology widely used in the petroleum industry Uses the generated methane in fuel cell units to produce green power Offers a long-term solution with superior economics Environmentally-sound with renewable energy benefits 3
Project Features A 3-year demonstration project Project is under final review by US-EPA Will use a multiple casing, heavily protected delivery well for the placement of biosolids Natural heat deep in the earth biodegrades the material to methane and carbon-dioxide Placement zone is protected by at least a dozen impermeable confining zones. (Cont d) 4
Project Features (cont d) Two new wells to be drilled for placement and monitoring Wells will be monitored by state of the art technology Extensive lab analysis Phased approach in increasing the process capacity. 5
Why Terminal Island? Within the City and treatment facility boundaries In an Industrial area Ideal geology 6
Proposed TIRE site 7
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FAQs 9
Is there any water quality impact? No Biosolids are placed into deep, isolated formation, separated from the lowermost groundwater by at least 1/2 mile and many layers of impermeable natural barriers. By incorporating state-of- the-art technology, the mechanical integrity of biosolids placement is guaranteed. Delivery well is protected with multiple concrete casings Is there any adverse air quality impact? No Reduction of truck traffic will improve air quality in the Los Angeles Basin Eliminates dust, odors, surface emissions, etc. Reduces greenhouse gas released to atmosphere Utilizes green power fuel cell units to generate electricity (up to 3500 kw) to power 3000 City residences What happens during earthquake? System automatically shuts off, well will be completely bottled-up and inspected. Would this project prevent further settlement of the ground in the Harbor area? Yes. The ground in the Harbor area has subsided 25-30 ft. over the last many decades. What happens to biosolids? Biogenesis: Organics transform to methane gas and oil, and inorganic stay there for many millions of years. How would this project enhance oil and gas production? Migration: More than 35% of in-situ oil and gas still trapped in the reservoirs. How far is this proposed project from the nearest residential area? At least one and a half miles. 32 10
SUMMARY 1. Produces renewable energy in a safe and effective fashion. 2. Utilizes decades-old proven technology currently in use by the petroleum industry. 3. Sophisticated delivery and state of the art monitoring equipment ensures safe and proper handling. 4. All work performed on city-owned property and monitored by trained city employees and contract experts. (cont d) 11
SUMMARY (cont d) 5. Environmentally responsible and in compliance with all regulations. 6. Improves air quality, protects water quality, and eliminates odors. 7. Substantial cost savings to tax payers. 12
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Current Biosolids Beneficial Use/Disposal Alternatives Land application & land farming Bioremediation & compost Thermally processed for energy recovery Chemical fixation for soil amendment Landfill & landfill cover Incineration 14
4000 3500 Injection Bottom Hole Pressure (psi) 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 9/14/97 12:00 9/15/97 12:00 9/16/97 12:00 9/17/97 12:00 9/18/97 12:00 9/19/97 12:00 9/20/97 12:00 9/21/97 12:00 Date Figure 3. Sample pressure history curve over a 1-week period. 15
Summary of Operational Costs for Biosolids Processing $ / W. Ton $40.00 $35.00 $30.00 $25.00 Variation for different amount of Gas Generation. Annual Operation Cost @ Diff. Injection Rate Operational Incremental Cost Hauling & Farm Mgmt Cost Class B Hauling Cost After 01/01/03 $20.00 $15.00 $10.00 $5.00 $0.00 Class B Hauling After 01/01/03 TITP Class A HTP Class A TI Digested Sludge Only 16
Regional Oil Fields California Proposed OFWD San Vicente Beverly Hills Sawtelle Playa Del Rey Cheviot Hills Inglewood El Segundo Torrance Salt Lake Los Angeles Las Cienegas Potrero Bandini Rosecrans Dominguez Montebello Santa Fe Springs Long Beach Oil Field Whittier Sansinena OFWD 1997 Coyote L.A. Basin Brea Olinda Richfield Yorba Linda Kraemer Pacific Ocean 0 4 8 12 Scale in Miles Proposed OFWD Wilmington Oil Field Seal Beach Oil Field Belmont Offshore Huntington Beach Oilfield waste disposal (since 1994) Newport LB DOP N 17
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1 Material Transport 2 Material Transfer Mixing Unit Auger 3 Auger Receiving Tank 2 Receiving Tank 1 Placement Pump Water Pump Water 4 Placement Well Data Acquisition and Control Room Production Well 6 Not to Scale 6000 Feet Biosolids Placement Methane Production Methane Brine In-Situ Biodegradation 19
Well Construction Approximate base of USDW WELLHEAD Gauge measuring Pumping pressure Waste influent Gauge measuring Annulus pressure Conductor casing Surface casing Cement Confining Zone Confining Zone Placement Zone EPA Cement Protection casing Placement tubing Fluid-filled pressurized area Packer Perforations 20
Chaffee Island 21
Inspection of the 350 wells on Chaffee Island 22
Current Oilfield Waste Disposal Projects Source: State DOGG Field Year Amount Started (Bbl/day) Depth (Tvd) Oxnard 1996 1,000-1,600 b/d 2000 ft Inglewood 1998 500 b/d 2900 ft Wilmington* 1994 800-1,200 b/d 4500 ft TIRE 300 1150 b/d 6000 ft * 2 Million Bbls since 1994 23
Technology The proposed project will have more advanced monitoring, sampling & analysis, and more comprehensive scientific and environmental review than any similar projects ever conducted in the U.S. 24