Star Clusters in Germany Center for Strategy and Competitiveness, CSC Stockholm School of Economics April 2011 This report presents the strongest regional clusters in Germany according to the European Cluster Observatory star rating. In total, there are 314 clusters in Germany that have received at least one star. (Data source for Germany: Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit, Germany, 4-digit NACE Rev. 2.0, 2009) Methodology The amount and quality of knowledge circulating and spilling over between firms, located in a cluster, is dependent upon the cluster's size, the degree to which it is specialised and the extent to which the locality (the region) is focused upon production in the relevant industries comprising the cluster. The European Cluster Observatory shows the extent to which clusters have achieved this specialised critical mass by employing measures of these three factors as described below, and assigning each cluster 0, 1, 2 or 3 Stars depending on how many of the below criteria are met. - Size Star: if employment reaches a sufficient share of total European employment, it is more likely that meaningful economic effects of clusters will be present. The size measure shows whether a cluster is in the top 10% of all clusters in Europe within the same cluster category in terms of the number of employees. - Specialisation Star: if a region is more specialised in a specific cluster category than the overall economy across all regions, this is likely to be an indication that the economic effects of the regional cluster have been strong enough to attract related economic activity from other regions to this location, and that spill-overs and linkages will be stronger. The specialisation measure compares the proportion of employment in a cluster category in a region over the total employment in the same region, to the proportion of total European employment in that cluster category over total European employment. The measure needs to be at least 2 to receive a star. - Focus Star: if a cluster accounts for a larger share of a region's overall employment, it is more likely that spillover effects and linkages will actually occur instead of being drowned in the economic interaction of other parts of the regional economy. The focus measure shows the extent to which the regional economy is focused upon the industries comprising the cluster category and relates employment in the cluster to total employment in the region. The top 10% of clusters which account for the largest proportion of their region's total employment receive a star. For more information please contact: Sergiy Protsiv (info@clusterobservatory.eu)
STAR CLUSTERS IN GERMANY Stuttgart Automotive 115 385 Metal manufacturing 63 664 Production technology 78 500 Financial services 72 789 Heavy Machinery 22 340 Instruments 11 115 Plastics 16 116 Power generation and transmission 5 627 Biotech 1 780 Business services 56 302 IT 26 574 Lighting and electrical equipment 4 014 Media and publishing 21 381 Medical devices 7 614 Paper products 13 973 Processed food 33 955 Sporting, recreational and children s goods 1 826 Karlsruhe Automotive 39 293 IT 28 836 Production technology 39 011 Biotech 9 813 Instruments 9 730 Jewellery and precious metals 3 318 Medical devices 8 565 Metal manufacturing 32 780 Power generation and transmission 4 238 Business services 42 465 Financial services 42 395 Freiburg Metal manufacturing 44 880 Production technology 30 170 Instruments 12 710 Lighting and electrical equipment 4 837 Medical devices 15 526 Pharmaceuticals 7 866 Plastics 7 899 Power generation and transmission 3 763 Construction 19 958 Financial services 22 236 Tübingen Production technology 40 789 Aerospace 4 953 Instruments 7 805 Medical devices 7 740 Metal manufacturing 27 240 Pharmaceuticals 10 061
Business services 16 209 Financial services 19 668 Power generation and transmission 2 590 Textiles 6 978 Oberbayern Automotive 84 360 IT 50 338 Aerospace 11 702 Biotech 2 780 Business services 76 381 Chemical products 16 629 Financial services 95 977 Instruments 14 853 Education and knowledge creation 35 705 Entertainment 15 493 Lighting and electrical equipment 4 601 Media and publishing 28 551 Medical devices 8 061 Pharmaceuticals 12 657 Plastics 9 225 Processed food 33 954 Production technology 29 186 Telecom 22 044 Tourism and hospitality 33 017 Niederbayern Automotive 16 986 Production technology 11 281 Construction 16 833 Financial services 14 183 Instruments 1 832 Medical devices 2 152 Power generation and transmission 2 040 Processed food 13 684 Oberpfalz Production technology 13 026 Telecom 9 795 Business services 9 890 Construction 13 867 Financial services 11 414 IT 7 401 Metal manufacturing 9 114 Plastics 4 253 Processed food 12 314 Oberfranken Plastics 9 659 Sporting, recreational and children s goods 1 800 Construction materials 2 219 Financial services 17 041 Furniture 4 896 Medical devices 3 507
Metal manufacturing 11 626 Power generation and transmission 2 179 Processed food 13 581 Production technology 6 623 Textiles 5 961 Mittelfranken IT 33 814 Production technology 21 403 Instruments 3 605 Plastics 10 066 Sporting, recreational and children s goods 2 749 Business services 33 469 Financial services 31 430 Metal manufacturing 18 567 Unterfranken Automotive 17 949 Production technology 23 615 Instruments 4 956 Power generation and transmission 4 805 Financial services 15 229 Medical devices 3 724 Schwaben Berlin Production technology 27 550 Aerospace 9 241 Heavy Machinery 8 719 Business services 16 762 Construction 22 216 Financial services 19 233 Instruments 2 787 Metal manufacturing 18 828 Paper products 9 026 Plastics 6 758 Processed food 22 868 Education and knowledge creation 40 459 Biotech 1 434 Business services 66 675 Entertainment 14 016 Financial services 56 200 Instruments 4 607 Medical devices 7 133 Transportation and logistics 33 708 Brandenburg Business services 27 374 Construction 25 042 Financial services 22 026 Medical devices 4 180 Transportation and logistics 21 226
Bremen Instruments 3 356 Transportation and logistics 18 440 Business services 15 140 Financial services 10 414 Maritime 2 124 Hamburg Distribution 21 718 Aerospace 20 781 Business services 56 097 Financial services 54 514 Oil and gas 4 112 Transportation and logistics 46 088 Darmstadt Financial services 122 165 Biotech 1 820 Business services 91 925 Chemical products 15 719 Instruments 11 070 Transportation and logistics 71 036 Aerospace 4 944 Education and knowledge creation 32 404 IT 20 904 Media and publishing 19 401 Medical devices 6 707 Pharmaceuticals 6 978 Plastics 9 625 Production technology 17 854 Gießen Kassel Education and knowledge creation 10 330 Metal manufacturing 18 394 Financial services 10 469 Instruments 1 944 Lighting and electrical equipment 1 721 Production technology 6 845 Automotive 18 420 Medical devices 6 450 Business services 11 353 Financial services 13 969 Heavy Machinery 3 582 Instruments 2 400 Plastics 4 113 Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Tourism and hospitality 20 965 Business services 25 416 Construction 15 023 Financial services 16 128
Transportation and logistics 20 101 Niedersachsen Automotive 124 680 Business services 94 700 Financial services 92 131 Processed food 91 212 Aerospace 8 078 Agricultural products 17 395 Biotech 1 794 Building fixtures, equipment and services 23 247 Chemical products 13 830 Distribution 22 437 Education and knowledge creation 36 614 Heavy Machinery 17 123 Instruments 3 651 Media and publishing 21 073 Medical devices 10 289 Metal manufacturing 48 301 Oil and gas 6 764 Paper products 20 446 Plastics 23 461 Power generation and transmission 5 293 Production technology 35 057 Stone quarries 1 036 Telecom 17 328 Tourism and hospitality 34 188 Transportation and logistics 52 831 Düsseldorf Köln Metal manufacturing 88 940 Business services 89 257 Chemical products 15 894 Financial services 89 263 Jewellery and precious metals 3 668 Distribution 31 202 IT 16 458 Instruments 5 969 Medical devices 6 002 Pharmaceuticals 12 259 Plastics 11 864 Power generation and transmission 3 406 Production technology 30 907 Telecom 22 292 Business services 71 888 Chemical products 19 801 Education and knowledge creation 40 554 Financial services 72 869 Oil and gas 6 526 Plastics 14 765 Automotive 21 195 Biotech 1 266
Entertainment 12 807 IT 20 080 Instruments 3 437 Lighting and electrical equipment 4 435 Medical devices 6 348 Paper products 11 442 Production technology 23 654 Telecom 17 823 Münster Production technology 20 878 Chemical products 7 975 Plastics 7 886 Business services 30 227 Construction 20 217 Financial services 31 424 Processed food 24 047 Detmold Building fixtures, equipment and services 18 651 Metal manufacturing 32 947 Production technology 23 767 Furniture 12 258 Lighting and electrical equipment 5 420 Plastics 8 573 Business services 24 920 Financial services 20 693 IT 13 999 Instruments 3 037 Medical devices 3 862 Processed food 19 358 Arnsberg Metal manufacturing 114 532 Production technology 35 101 Heavy Machinery 10 638 Lighting and electrical equipment 12 928 Plastics 14 796 Business services 41 196 Financial services 43 015 Instruments 3 744 Stone quarries 1 061 Rheinland-Pfalz Automotive 30 332 Metal manufacturing 31 086 Pharmaceuticals 11 258 Plastics 12 331 Stone quarries 1 667 Business services 34 975 Chemical products 8 645 Construction 32 882 Construction materials 3 573 Financial services 46 185
Heavy Machinery 8 535 Jewellery and precious metals 1 750 Medical devices 4 872 Paper products 13 620 Processed food 32 687 Production technology 21 047 Saarland Automotive 16 930 Metal manufacturing 18 643 Business services 13 084 Financial services 13 950 Medical devices 2 773 Production technology 8 241 Chemnitz Metal manufacturing 20 983 Production technology 13 888 Business services 14 684 Construction 15 251 Power generation and transmission 2 031 Processed food 13 643 Dresden Leipzig Business services 20 800 Construction 17 024 Education and knowledge creation 14 435 Financial services 19 336 IT 11 478 Power generation and transmission 1 705 Business services 18 736 Construction 9 548 Financial services 11 114 Transportation and logistics 10 799 Sachsen-Anhalt Business services 36 838 Construction 26 844 Financial services 23 232 Power generation and transmission 2 550 Schleswig-Holstein Instruments 5 561 Medical devices 6 928 Business services 26 051 Financial services 29 090 Pharmaceuticals 6 256 Processed food 22 189 Transportation and logistics 23 165
Thüringen Medical devices 5 356 Business services 27 708 Construction 25 830 Financial services 22 737 Metal manufacturing 23 315 Processed food 20 317
About the European Cluster Observatory The European Cluster Observatory, launched in June 2007, is the most comprehensive database on clusters, cluster organisations, and cluster reports in Europe. It is managed by the Center for Strategy and Competitiveness (CSC) at the Stockholm School of Economics and funded by the European Commission's Directorate General for Enterprise and Industry. The European Cluster Observatory website provides a wide variety of data on clusters in Europe, and is focused on the following issues: Cluster Mapping providing information more than 40 cluster categories in over 250 NUTS-2 regions Regional competitiveness data, describing cluster framework conditions in regions Information, maps and lists of cluster organisations, science parks and other types of organisations Providing a Library as an open European depository for various cluster-related documents Providing reports on cluster policies and special sectors Please visit the European Cluster Observatory at www.clusterobservatory.eu.