Xeramix 1 LED Modules Performance Overview

Xeramix 1 LED Modules Performance Overview

Introduction LED technology has rapidly advanced over the last decade with improved criteria of quality & quantity of light, efficacy, life and cost. The XERAMIX philosophy is targeting performance well within nominal specification to create luminaires in a class of their own. Linear LED lighting commonly uses low to mid power LEDs that are run near their maximum power this makes them susceptible to small variances of electrical and thermal tolerance, multiplied over time in real life. Typically economy is a priority over quality of light over time The Xeramix principle is to run LEDs at fraction of their maximum ratings, with the primary criteria of light quality stability and performance over time In this document you ll learn more about LED performance and why Xeramix LED modules are at the forefront of linear LED lighting performance. 2

The life of a LED A LED goes through several different phases of ageing during its life. Different environmental conditions influence how it progresses through each phase and ultimately affects the lifetime result. For example, at high current and high temperature, the LED could easily burn through Package aging and Stable phases in a shorter time period. In comparison at lower currents and temperature, the LED may spend a long time in the Initial degradation phase which would produce far worse TM-21 results at 6K hours of testing at 1K. Every LED is unique so there is variation between samples. Some may decrease & stabilise quickly whereas others may be much slower despite residing in the same testing chamber, with the same conditions. Over longer time spans most samples will eventually converge with minimal performance difference. It is important to understand there are many factors to consider when projecting the life of LED. During the lifetime of LEDs we can derive the different phases of aging Package Aging Stable Phase Long-term chip degradation Lumen maintenance (%) % 5% 1 2 1 2 3 Initial Degradation (positive or negative, chip related) 3 Example aging curve Time when package is finished depends on LED driving conditions, (Overstress accelerates package degradation) Depends on LED Design ( ex. Materials) Time hours The Illuminating Engineering Society has developed several publications relating to the measuring and projection of LED performance and life. For further information please refer to the following documents IES LM- Measuring Luminous Flux and Colour Maintenance of LED Packages, Arrays and Modules, IES TM-21 Projecting Long Term Lumen Maintenance of LED Light Sources IES TM-3 Evaluating Light Source Colour Rendition 3

XERO LED modules Xero Lighting luminaires have the option of standard Samsung Zhaga LEDs or the extreme performance of Xeramix modules. Although they both use high quality Samsung LEDs there is a significant performance difference between the two options. This is due to simple design philosophy that Xeramix uses high power LEDs running at low power and far more robust LED packages. Zhaga LED modules Mid power Samsung plastic LEDs Maximum LED drive current 1mA Typical LED drive current <175mA in Xero luminaire LEDs are wired in banks of series / parallel. Xeramix 1 LED modules High power Samsung ceramic LEDs Maximum LED drive current 15mA Typical LED drive current <35mA in Xero luminaire. All LEDs are wired in series for better accuracy. 1. Chip Degradation 2. Phosphor Degradation 3. Silicone Encapsulant Degradation 4. Lead Frame Degradation 5. Plastic Degradation 1. Chip Degradation 2. Phosphor Degradation 3. Silicone Encapsulant Degradation 1. Chip Degradation Uses different substrates which typically have lower operating technologies. 2. Phosphor Degradation All phosphors will degrade over time. 3. Silicon encapsulate degradation All encapsulate will degrade over time. 4. Leadframe degradation Silver plated leadframe that sits on the plastic package is frail against sulphur attacks. Once exposed to sulphur the silver plating corrodes and loses reflectivity, this effects both the lumen output and CCT. 1. Chip Degradation High powered LEDs achieve excellent LM results of L9 typically at much higher temperatures. 2.Phosphor Degradation All phosphors will degrade over time. 3. Silicon encapsulate degradation All encapsulate will degrade over time. 5. Plastic degradation White reflective material is a synthetic plastic resins, operating temperatures and high energy (low wavelength) photons can affect these plastics. 4

Colour stability In the study of colour vision, a MacAdam ellipse is a region on a chromaticity diagram which contains all colours that are indistinguishable, to the average human eye, from the colour at the centre of the ellipse. 3 Step 4 Step 7 Step 2 Step The contour of the ellipse therefore represents the just noticeable differences of chromaticity. Typically professional lighting systems have now standardised on 3 step or lower..46 3K 27K.44 35K.42 4K Planckian v 1.4.38 57K 5K 45K Locus.36 65K.34 ANSI 7-step MacAdam ellipses.32.3.3.32.34.36.38.4.42.44.46.48.5 u 1 It is important to consider that over time LEDs colour shift in addition to Lumen maintenance. Zhaga LED modules Mid power Samsung plastic LEDs Typical LED drive current <175mA in Xero luminaire. Xeramix 1 LED modules High power Samsung ceramic LEDs Typical LED drive current <35mA in Xero luminaire..16.14.12.1.8.6.4.2. Delta u 1 v 1 Delta u 1 v 1 Ts = 85 C.1.8 Ts = 85 C.6 4 step 5 step.4 3 step 3 step.2 1 1, 1,, Hours Hours 5

Colour Quality It is important for an LED light to reveal object colours faithfully to ideal or natural light sources. Traditionally a min CRI value was considered however the actual ability to render colour swatches is more commonly considered, in particular the R9 value of an LED. In recent times the Fidelity and Gamut of LED are now also considered and explained in TM3-15. Zhaga LED modules Mid power Samsung plastic LEDs Typical LED drive current <175mA in Xero luminaire. Xeramix 1 LED modules High power Samsung ceramic LEDs Typical LED drive current <35mA in Xero luminaire. R15 R1 R2 R15 R1 R2 R14 R3 R14 R3 R13 4 R4 R13 4 R4 2 2 R12 R5 R12 R5 R11 R6 R11 R6 R1 R9 R8 R7 R1 R9 R8 R7 LED 1 LED 2 25-323K (CRI ) 323-42K (CRI ) LED 1 LED 2 LED 3 25-323K (CRI ) 323-42K (CRI ) 25-323K (CRI 9) 14 R f - R g Plot Approx. limits for sources on the Planckian locus. Approx. limits for practical light sources 14 R f - R g Plot Approx. limits for sources on the Planckian locus. Approx. limits for practical light sources 13 13 Gamut Index R g 12 11 9 7 LED 2 LED 1 Reference illumanant Decreased Saturation Increased Gamut Index R g 12 11 9 7 LED 1 LED 2 LED 3 Reference illumanant Decreased Saturation Increased 5 7 9 Fidelity Index R f 5 7 9 Fidelity Index R f 6

LED Lifetime The lifetime of a LED module inside a luminaire is related to the luminous flux depreciation at a given temperature this is expressed as Lxx and Bxx. For example the L value indicates how many lumens in % that remains after end-of-life. The B5 value indicates that the declared L-value will be achieved by minimum 5% of the LED modules and that the remaining 5% may have a lower lumen value. The value B1 means that minimum 9 % of the LED modules will meet the declared L-value and only 1% will have a lower flux level. Zhaga LED modules Mid power Samsung plastic LEDs Typical LED drive current <175mA in Xero luminaire. Xeramix 1 LED modules High power Samsung ceramic LEDs Typical LED drive current <35mA in Xero luminaire. Lifetime hours average Lifetime hours at B1 L7 L L9 L7 L L9 1 k 1.2 m 1 k 14 k 1. m 12 k k k k k k 4 k 4 k 2 k 2 k 85 9 95 15 11 85 9 95 15 11 Ts( C) Ts( C) 14 k 12 k k k k 4 k 2 k L7 B1 L B1 L9 B1 5 7 9 11 Ts( C) k 5 k 4 k 3 k 2 k k L7 B1 L B1 L9 B1 85 9 95 15 11 Ts( C) Lifetime hours at B1 Lifetime hours average 11 55 C 85 C 15 C 85 C 15 C 11 Lumen maintenance ( % ) 9 7 9 7 Lumen maintenance ( % ) 5 1 K 1 k 1 K Time (hours) 5 1 K 1 k K K Time (hours) 7

The perfect balance In conclusion the Xeramix 1 boards have been engineered to find the right balance of the four important characteristics of LED modules for the professional lighting industry. The end result is Xero luminaires have exceptional performance in several criteria with a value proposition that is still economically viable for every lighting project. Colour Quality & Stability Lamp Mortality Lumen Maintenance Environmental Conditions Unsurpassed performance Xero s luminaires unsurpassed performance of L9 B1 @ 114K hours ECONOMIC LIFE is achieved by using high performance LEDs at a fraction of their capability. This lifetime projection is still typical even in the most demanding environments where daily temperatures can average up to 35 C and even peak to 5 C ambient temperature. Unlike other LED modules that are typically operated near maximum ratings, Xeramix modules have liberal operating headroom to ensure performance isn t jeopardised by minor effects of the unknown. Contact us For any additional questions or information relating to the information provided you can contact the technical team at : email headoffice@xerolighting.com phone +61 2 8599 9788 web xerolighting.com 8

Xero Linear Lighting Systems 16 Voyager Circuit, Glendenning NSW Australia 2761 P: +61 2 8599 9788 E: headoffice@xerolighting.com www.xerolighting.com Xeramix 1 LED module performance - Edition 2B - 217