NDCs and NDC implementation Regional Dialogue on NDCs for Africa 26-28 September 2017, Rabat, Morocco Bernd Hackmann, Mitigation, Data and Analysis Programme UNFCCC secretariat
Agenda NDCs in the Paris Agreement Global response to the Paris Agreement What are NDCs and how are they communicated? NDC negotiations under the UNFCCC Implementing the Paris Agreement and the NDCs
NDCs in the Paris Agreement
NDCs in the Paris Agreement The Paris Agreement and its objectives Collective goals: long term temperature goal; resilience and low GHG emission development; Collective efforts: a global emission trajectory (peaking, reduction, balance between sources and sinks) Individual efforts: successive Nationally Determined Contributions - NDCs
NDCs a central element of the Paris Agreement Each Party shall prepare, communicate and maintain successive nationally determined contributions that it intends to achieve. Parties shall pursue domestic mitigation measures, with the aim of achieving the objectives of such contributions.
NDCs the central elements of the Paris Agreement Contribution country B Contribution country C Contribution country A Global objective (2/1.5) Contribution country D
Global response to the Paris Agreement
Unprecedented response to the Paris Agreement Early entry into force on 4 November 2016 166 out of 197 Parties have ratified the Paris Agreement 159 Parties have already submitted their first NDC o 146 INDCs have been directly converted into NDCs o 14 INDCs have been revised before converting to NDCs o 6 INDCs are currently being revised Unprecedented momentum for climate action in virtually all countries
NDCs from African Countries 43 out of 54 African countries have ratified the Paris Agreement 41 NDCs from African countries have been submitted o 39 INDCs have been directly converted into NDCs o 2 INDCs have been revised before converting to NDCs o 2 governments are currently revising their NDC Strong response across Africa
What are NDCs and how are they communicated?
NDC information National circumstance Fairness/ambition Mitigation actions Support needs/costs Adaptation actions Opportunities for cooperation Economic indicators Climate vulnerabilities
NDCs in national context Mid century Long term strategies NDCs/ National targets (5-10 years) Policies, programmes and other measures Actions by economic actors
Reaching the long-term objectives The Paris Agreement recognizes that its objectives will be achieved through time It builds on aggregate and individual progression/ambition It establishes a mandatory cycle of NDCs: First submission by 2020 Enhanced ambition submitted every 5 years Feedback Mechanisms o Facilitative dialogue/global Stocktake o Transparency Framework
The NDC submission process Ongoing 5 Year NDC Submission Process February 2020 NDCs Due Synthesis Report November 2020 Conference of Parties (COP) 2023 Global Stock Take 2025 NDCs Due
NDC negotiations under the UNFCCC
NDC negotiations under the UNFCCC Governments are developing further guidance in relation to the NDC: features of NDC (additional characteristics of NDCs) information to facilitate clarity, transparency and understanding of NDCs (information to further explain the NDCs) accounting for NDCs (how to account for emissions) NDC registry (where and how to store NDCs) Common timeframes (what is the implementation period) Arriving at a negotiating text Working on the negotiating text Outcome of the APA negotiations 2017 @ COP 23 2018 2018 @ COP 24
Implementing the Paris Agreement and the NDCs
Getting ready for NDC implementation Negotiating the Paris Agreement Implementing the Paris Agreement What governments are doing right now: Aligning NDC actions with new policy priorities Refining/Updating the analysis underpinning the NDC Improve the Regulatory Framework/Institutional Framework Identifying and Prioritising Policies and Measures Developing an NDC Implementation Plan
GHG From projects to long-term low emission development programmes/policies All Parties should formulate and communicate long-term low greenhouse gas emission development strategies, by 2020 BAU Years Long term vision
Linkages between NDCs and SDGs Climate actions to achieve low emissions and climate resilient development have direct implications for the achievement of SDGs and vice versa Addressing climate change means for governments integrating climate actions into key socio-economic development strategies Actions are aiming at achieving low emissions and climate resilient development as well as SDGs Climate actions and sustainable development pathways are for many developing countries two sides of the same coin Further mainstreaming climate action into development strategies and approaches could create major synergies
Linkages between NDCs and SDGs 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 SDG 1SDG 2SDG 3SDG 4SDG 5SDG 6SDG 7SDG 8SDG 9 SDG 10 SDG 11 SDG 12 SDG 13 SDG 14 SDG 15 SDG 16 SDG 17
GHG Long-term development $100 BAU = $280 $80 $100 NDC = $330 $120 $100 $110 NDC-BAU= $50 National contribution= $20 Additional supoport= $30 Years
Implementing the Paris Agreement Implementing the Paris Agreement and the NDCs require transformational changes by each country towards low-emission, climate resilient, sustainable development The NDCs show that the greatest challenges and the largest gaps of capacity and financial means for implementation prevail in the developing countries In particular since many countries are facing multiple development challenges and have little flexibility to mobilize necessary additional resources Developing countries can benefit from (southern) solutions that can address both climate change and multiple development challenges Implementing the Paris Agreement and the NDCs require enhanced international support, cooperation and partnerships
Thank you for your attentention! mailto: bhackmann@unfccc.int