Farm Facts Modern farming s economic, environmental and social contribution to Australia.

Farm Facts 2011 Modern farmings economic, environmental and social contribution to Australia. www.nff.org.au

Farm Facts 2011 Published by the National Farmers Federation Limited (ABN 77 097 140 166) January 2011. Farm Facts, now in its fourth edition, is designed as a fast reference to top-of-mind national and state-bystate facts about Australias farm sector, including specific references for drilling down to data on Australias leading agricultural commodities covering: Beef, Cotton, Dairy, Dried Fruits, Goats, Grains, Rice, Sheep Meat, Sugar and Wool. It contains fully sourced and attributed data in easily digestible grabs to make research on Australian agricultures activity quick, easy and based on credible, up-to-date information. The NFF has taken all reasonable care in producing the information contained within this publication. The NFF does not accept responsibility for loss or damage arising from the use of this information. Information supplied within this publication is based on publicly available data. All data in this publication is available online from the Farm Facts and Commodities pages of the NFF website. More information in the form of media releases, fact sheets, feature articles, research and policy issues are posted and regularly updated on the website at: www.nff.org.au. For more information on Farm Facts contact: Mr Brett Heffernan General Manager Public Affairs National Farmers Federation T: 02 6273 3855 F: 02 6273 2331 E: bheffernan@nff.org.au Authorised by Mr Ben Fargher, CEO, National Farmers Federation. NFF House, 14-16 Brisbane Ave, Barton ACT 2600. PO Box E10, Kingston ACT 2604. [T] 02 6273 3855, [F] 02 6273 2331, [E] nff@nff.org.au; [W] www.nff.org.au.

About the NFF 3 Vision Statement 3 Mission Statement 3 National & State-by-State 4-9 Australian farmers punching above their weight 4 Australian farmers food and fibre producers 5 Australian farmers employers 6 Australian farmers frontline environmentalists 7 Australian farmers investors in research and technology 8 Australian farmers self-reliant 9 Australian farmers in summary 9 Major Commodities 10-27 Australian beef staking its claim 10 Australian beef domestic consumption 10 Australian beef to the world market 11 Australian cotton on a roll 12-13 Australian cotton biotechnology and the environment 12 Australian cotton to the world market 13 Australian dairy cream rises to the top 14-15 Australian dairy to the world market 15 Australian dried fruits the pick of the bunch 16-17 Australian dried fruits to the world market 17 Australian goats not kidding around 18-19 Australian goats to the world market 18 Australian grains and oilseeds serial achievers 20-21 Australian grains and oilseeds to the world market 21 Australian rice in a field of its own 22-23 Australian rice uniquely efficient 22 Australian rice to the world market 23 Australian sheep meat the best baa none 24-25 Australian sheep meat to the world market 24 Australian sugar as sweet as it gets 26 Australian sugar to the world market 26 Australian wool still riding the sheeps back 27 Australian wool to the world market 27

A strong, progressive and sustainable farming sector in Australia To influence the Australian Government, Parliament and the broader community through national and international representation and advocacy, to achieve a strong, progressive and sustainable farming sector in Australia. To provide collective strength and leadership. The National Farmers Federation (NFF) is the peak national body representing farmers and, more broadly, agriculture across Australia. As the national voice of Australian farmers, the NFF lobbies and advocates agreed positions on behalf of its membership. It is one of Australias foremost and respected advocacy organisations. Since 2000, the NFF has regularly been ranked in the top five lobby groups in the nation, as rated by federal politicians of all political persuasions and journalists from the parliamentary press gallery. Since its inception in 1979, the NFF has earned a formidable reputation as a leader in the development and achievement of policy outcomes, championing issues affecting farmers and dedicated to the advancement of agriculture. Proactively representing farm interests and asserting policy positions to governments and the broader community, the NFF is a non-partisan not-for-profit organisation based in Canberra. NFF House (pictured right) is located in the Parliamentary triangle, within view of the seat of political power, Parliament House, facilitating direct access to, and productive relationships with, all levels of government political and bureaucratic. One of the keys to the NFFs success is its commitment to presenting innovative and forward-looking solutions to the issues affecting agriculture, striving to meet current and emerging challenges and advancing Australias vital agricultural production base. In 2006 the NFF rededicated itself to generating greater understanding and better-informed discussion of farmings modern role, contribution and value to the entire community highlighting the importance of agriculture to the national economy, sustainable environmental management and social cohesion. Since then, the NFF has won five State Awards for Excellence and two national Golden Target Awards under the Public Relations Institute of Australias annual honours, recognising tangible results from the NFFs various campaigns. One of the keys to the NFFs policy and public advocacy success is its commitment to innovative and forward-looking solutions to address the issues affecting agriculture, striving to meet current and emerging challenges, while advancing Australias vital agricultural production base.

This section contains information on Australian agricultures contribution nationally, as well as a break down by State and Territory. There are 135,996 farms in Australia including those for whom farming is not their primary business. However, there are 120,941 farms solely dedicated to agricultural production, as the State-by-State table below reflects. State No. of farms % of total NSW 38,051 31.5% Victoria 29,666 24.5% Queensland 25,136 20.8% South Australia 12,868 10.6% Western Australia 11,124 9.2% Tasmania 3,547 2.9% Northern Territory 474 0.4% ACT 76 0.1% - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Agricultural Commodities 2008/2009, Catalogue No. 7121.0. Australian farms and their closely related sectors generate $155 billion-a-year in production underpinning 12.1% of GDP. - derived from modelling by Econtech, Australias Farm Dependent Economy Report, 2005 and ABARE, Australian Commodity Statistics, 2009. In the 30 years to 2003-04, Australian farms achieved an average multi-factor productivity growth of 2.8%-a-year no other industry, with the sole exception of telecommunications and information technology, comes close to this achievement. - Australian Government Productivity Commission, Trends in Australian Agriculture 2005. The gross value of Australian farm production (at farm-gate only) totals $41.8 billiona-year. The top three agricultural commodities produced nationally (ranked by gross $ value) are: Cattle and calves Wheat Whole Milk $7.5 billion $6.0 billion $4.0 billion Then, on a State-by-State basis, the top three agricultural commodities produced (ranked by gross $ value) are: NSW Value Output Cattle and calves $1.5 billion Not Available Wheat $1.8 billion 6,963,000 tonnes Poultry $630 million 838,900 tonnes

VIC Milk $2.4 billion 6,135,000 ML Cattle and calves $1.3 billion Not Available Sheep and lambs $938 million Not Available QLD Cattle and calves $3.4 billion Not Available Sugar cane for crushing $968 million 29,842,000 tonnes Vegetables $952 million Not Available SA Wheat $618 million 2,376,000 tonnes Fruit/nuts (excl. grapes) $504 million Not Available Vegetables $476 million Not Available WA Wheat $2.5 billion 8,274,000 tonnes Barley $687 million 3,007,000 tonnes Canola $649 million 1,175,000 tonnes TAS Milk $292 million 708,000 litres Vegetables $241 million Not Available Cattle and calves $170 million Not Available NT Cattle and calves $303 million Not Available Fruit/nuts (excl. grapes) $29 million Not Available ACT Eggs $6.9 million Not Available Cattle and calves $2.5 million Not Available - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Value of Agricultural Commodities Produced, 2008/2009, Catalogue No. 7503.0. - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Agricultural Commodities 2008/2009, Catalogue No.7121.0. - ABARE, Australian Commodity Statistics, 2009. Australian farmers produce almost 93% of Australias domestic food supply. Food imports contribute 7.5% of the total value of Australian retail food sales. - Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Australian Food Statistics 2007. Yet, Australia exports a massive 60% (in volume) of total agricultural production. In terms of value, this represents around 76% of the total gross value of Australian agricultural production. - ABARE, Australian Commodity Statistics, 2009. - Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, At a Glance 2010.

Australias farm exports earned the country $32.1 billion in 2008/09. This represents 11.9% of total exports and 14.7% of all Australian merchandise exports. - ABARE, Australian Commodity Statistics, 2009. - Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, At a Glance 2010. In terms of export earnings for Australia, each of these top eight commodities make a massive contribution to the national economy accounting for over $20.1 billion of the total $32.1 billion value of agricultural exports. Value of exports AUSTRALIA $M Wheat 5,028 Beef and veal 4,857 Wine 2,428 Wool 2,322 Dairy (excl cheese) 1,883 Sugar 1,338 Barley 1,321 Lamb 925 - Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, At a Glance 2010. Australias major agricultural export markets are: - ABARE, Australian Commodities June Quarter, 2010. Australian agriculture has important linkages with other sectors of the economy and, therefore, contributes to these flow-on industries. Agriculture supports the jobs of 1.6 million Australians, in farming and related industries, across our cities and regions accounting for 17.2% of the national workforce. - modelling by Econtech, Australias Farm Dependent Economy Report, 2005. 50.7% of these 1.6 million jobs are located in Australias six capital cities. A significant proportion of the employment generated in the six capital cities is associated with the farm-output sector such as food retailing, accommodation, cafes and restaurants, and various food processing industries. - modelling by Econtech, Australias Farm Dependent Economy Report, 2005.

As of November 2009 318,000 people were directly employed on Australian farms. - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Year Book Australia, 2009-10, Catalogue No. 1301.0. The number of people employed in direct agriculture, fisheries and forestry jobs in each State and Territory follow: NSW: 105,300 VIC: 78,900 QLD: 92,700 SA: 37,800 WA: 38,600 TAS: 12,500 NT: 15,800 ACT: 300 - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Labour Force, Australia, Detailed, Quarterly, May 2010, Catalogue No. 6291.0.55.003. Farmers occupy and manage 61% of Australias landmass (469 million hectares), as such, they are at the frontline in delivering environmental outcomes on behalf of the broader community. - Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, At a Glance 2010. Australian farmers spent $3 billion on Natural Resource Management over 2006-07, actively managing or preventing weed, pest, land and soil, native vegetation or waterrelated issues on their properties. More than $2.3 billion was spent on weed and pest management, while land and soil-related activities accounted for $649 million of total expenditure. - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Natural Resource Management on Australian Farms 2006-07. Our farmers have led Australian primary industries in reducing greenhouse gas emissions by a massive 40% between 1990 and 2006. This is Australias leading greenhouse gas reduction contribution. - Australian Government Department of Climate Change, National Inventory by Economic Sector 2006. Natural Resource Management is a fundamental activity on Australian farms. In fact, 94.3% of Australian farms actively undertake Natural Resource Management. - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Natural Resource Management on Australian Farms 2006-07. 52% of farmers undertake activities to protect native vegetation, 45% wetland protection and 49% river or creek bank protection. - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Year Book Australia 2009-10. Farmers improving their Natural Resource Management practices reported doing so to increase productivity (88.6%), for farm sustainability (88.4%) and better environmental protection (74.5%). - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Natural Resource Management on Australian Farms 2006-07. The cost to agriculture from feral pests including wild dogs, rabbits, foxes, pigs, birds and mice was approximately $745 million in 2009. - Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, At a Glance 2010.

Of land managed by farmers 9.2 million hectares has been set aside specifically for conservation/protection purposes by farmers. - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Year Book Australia 2009-10. Less than 1% of all agricultural land in Australia is irrigated, with 29% of all farms undertaking irrigation. Farmers spent $1.4 billion on irrigation works in 2008-09. - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Water Use on Australian Farms 2008-09, Catalogue No.4618. Agriculture is vital in the Murray-Darling Basin (MDB), accounting for 84% of the Basin's land use in 2005-06. Moreover, 88.8 million hectares (20% of Australia's agricultural land) occurs within the MDB. - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Water and the Murray Darling Basin A Statistical Profile 2008-09, Catalogue No. 4610.0.55.007. Around $15 billion of Australia's total value of agricultural commodities are produced in the MDB. This represents 39% of the Australian value of agricultural commodity production. - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Water and the Murray Darling Basin A Statistical Profile 2008-09, Catalogue No. 4610.0.55.007. In 2008-09 the MDB accounted for 38% of irrigated agriculture in Australia, 53% of all irrigated agricultural land and 54% of irrigation water applied. - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Water Use on Australian Farms 2008-09, Catalogue No. 4618. Efficiency gains through new technologies and farm management practices, achieved on the back of research and development, have enabled Australian agriculture to stay a step ahead of our international competitors returning average productivity growth of 2.8%-a-year over a 30-year period. Key to this productivity growth have been advances in knowledge and technology, improved use of available technologies and management practices, and structural changes that have seen increased farm size and shifts in enterprise mixes. - Australian Government Productivity Commission, Trends in Australian Agriculture 2005. In 2008-09 Australian farmers invested $244 million-a-year in research and development through the Rural Research and Development Corporations. This is over and above the $218 million co-contribution made through the Federal Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry. - Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Submission to the Productivity Commission Inquiry into the Australian Government Rural Research and Development Corporations Model, June 2010. Approximately $1.5 billion-a-year is spent on agricultural related research in Australia by government and private investors. - Council of Rural Research and Development Corporations, Submission to the Productivity Commission Inquiry into the Australian Government Research and Development Corporations Model, June 2010.

As a result, Australian farming is world-leading and ultra-competitive. In fact, despite a 50% fall in agricultural terms of trade since 1960, Australian farmers have tripled their production, as well as quadrupled the real gross value of their produce (from $10.557 billion in 1960-61 to $43.3 billion in 2007-08). - Australian Government Productivity Commission, Trends in Australian Agriculture 2005. - ABARE, Australian Commodity Statistics, 2008. Despite common misconceptions, Government support for Australian farms represents just 4% of farming income. By comparison, according to the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), in Norway it is 61%, Korea 52%, in the European Union it is 23%, in Canada it is 17%, and in the United States it is 9%. In fact, Australian farmers are among the most self-sufficient in the world. Producer Support Estimates as % of gross farm receipts, 2007-09 average - OCED, Agricultural Policies in OECD Countries: At a Glance 2010. Through developing new technologies, seizing environmentally-sustainable farm practices and improving efficiencies and competitiveness modern farming is essential to Australias economic, environmental and social wellbeing... ensuring Australia is self-sufficient in meeting daily food needs and is increasingly a critical source for mounting world food needs. Farming is a mainstay of Australian ingenuity, adaptability and enterprise. - NFF summary of the data provided.

This section contains information on Australian agricultures leading commodities, namely: Beef, Cotton, Dairy, Dried Fruits, Goats, Grains, Rice, Sheep Meat, Sugar and Wool. There are 48,866 farms producing beef cattle in Australia, with a national herd of 28 million head. The breakdown by State and Territory follows: NSW Herd: 5.9 million VIC Herd: 3.9 million QLD Herd: 12.3 million SA Herd: 1.2 million TAS Herd: 0.7 million NT Herd: 1.7 million WA Herd: 2.3 million - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Livestock Products, Australia, June 2010, Catalogue No.7215.0. In total, Australian beef cattle farmers produce 2.1 million tonnes of beef and veal each year. - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Livestock Products, Australia, June 2010, Catalogue No.7215.0. Between 2010 and 2015 adult cattle processing is forecast to rise by 13%, to 9.5 million head (reaching 2.4 million tonnes by 2015). - Meat & Livestock Australia, Industry Projections, Mid-year update, June 2010. The gross value of Australian cattle and calf production in 2008-09 was $7.35 billion. Across each State and Territory the breakdown sees the following gross value ($M): NSW: $1,491 WA: $557 VIC: $1,308 TAS: $170 QLD: $3,366 NT: $303 SA: $254 ACT: $2.5 - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Value of Agricultural Commodities Produced, 2008/2009, Catalogue No. 7503.0. Australians eat an average 35.7kg of beef and veal per person, per year. Remarkably, this has remained relatively constant for the last 20 years. - Meat & Livestock Australia, Industry Projections, Mid-year Update, June 2010.

Total consumption of beef in Australia is projected to rise in 2010 to 760,000 tonnes, and is projected to rise 4% over the next five years. - Meat & Livestock Australia, Industry Projections, Mid-year Update, June 2010. Historically, beef and veal consumption peaked at 70kg per person in 1976-77 coinciding with record production level and low prices (indicated by the graph below). - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Year Book Australia 2005, Australias Beef Cattle Industry. Over the last 12 months Australians spent $6.4 billion on beef. In terms of volume, beef is the second most popular fresh meat consumed through the food service industry (after chicken). - Meat & Livestock Australia, Fast Facts 2009: Australian Beef Industry. The consumption of beef accounts for 24.7% of world meat consumption. - Barnard, P. Meat Prospects for Products and Markets, Meat & Livestock Australia 2006. Australia exports 927,000 tonnes of beef and veal in 2009, worth $4.3 billion. The major export markets for beef and veal are Japan (38%), the United States (27%) and Korea (12%). - Australian Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry: Red Meat Export Statistics 2010. - Meat & Livestock Australia, Fast Facts 2009: Australias Beef Industry. Australian live cattle exports in 2009 were worth $665.5 million predominantly exporting to Indonesia (72%), China (11%) and Israel (3%). - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Livestock Products, Australia, June 2010, Catalogue No.7215.0. Australia is the second largest beef exporter in the world (behind Brazil). - Meat & Livestock Australia, Fast Facts 2009: Australias Beef Industry.

There are 795 cotton farms in Australia 407 in NSW and 388 in Queensland. - Cotton Australia 2009-2010. Prior to the 2010-11 floods, the Australia cotton harvest for 2010-11 was expected to produce a record crop of more than 3.5 million bales from 420,000 hectares of land. This would have generated around $1.9 billion in export income for Australia. Underscoring productivity growth due to new efficiencies, the last time Australias cotton growers harvested 3.5 million bales was from an area of 540,000 hectares. - 2010-2011 Australian Cotton Production Forecast, Cotton Australia, September 2010. The gross value of Australian cotton production (both lint and seed) in 2008-09 was $684.7 million. - ABARE, Australian Commodity Statistics, 2009. The value of Australian raw cotton exports in 2008-09 was $501 million. This was severely impacted by drought and compares to an average of $1.5 billion in a normal year. - ABARE, Australian Commodity Statistics, 2009. Over last 10 years, Australian cotton growers have reduced pesticide use by over 90% through a combination of biotechnology and Integrated Pest Management practices. - Cotton Australia, Fact Sheets 2008. Australian cotton growers have doubled water efficiency over the last 10 years through a combination of better water monitoring and irrigation scheduling, evaporation control and improved irrigation practices. The cotton sector is aiming to again double water efficiency within the next five years. - Cotton Australia 2010. Australian cotton growers are three times more water efficient than the global average. Cotton Australia 2010. In 2008-09, Australia recorded cotton lint yields of 2,007 t/ha. This is approximately three times the global average. - ABARE, Australian Commodity Statistics, 2009. Over 95% of Australias cotton growers plant transgenic cotton. Australian cotton farmers investment in gene technology has been integral to the economic and environmental sustainability of the cotton industry. - Cotton Australia, Fact Sheets 2008.

The cotton industry uses three types of transgenic cotton: Bollgard II (from the naturally occurring soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)), Roundup Ready (from the soil bacterium called Agrobacterium tumefaciens) and Liberty Link Cotton. - Cotton Australia, Biotechnology 2006. Australian cotton farmers are world-leaders, renowned as reliable suppliers of the highest quality cotton. - Cotton Australia, Cotton in Australia 2006. Australian cotton accounts for around 3% of world production, but represents between 5%-10% of the worlds cotton exports*. World cotton exports run at about six million tonnes, which is equivalent to about 30% of world production**. In fact, despite China, the US, India, Pakistan and Brazil accounting for nearly 75% of the worlds cotton production, Australian cotton ranks in the top four exporting nations behind the USA, Uzbekistan and Brazil*. - *International Cotton Advisory Committee 2005. - **Food and Agriculture Organisation of the UN, Agricultural Commodities 2002. A massive 98% of cotton grown in Australia is exported*, mainly to Asian spinning mill customers in China, Indonesia, Thailand, Korea and Japan**. - *Australian Cotton Shipping Association 2004. - **International Cotton Advisory Committee 2005. In a normal year, Australias cotton growers produce enough cotton to fully clothe 500 million people. - Cotton Australia, Australian Cotton Industry Facts, October 2007.

There are 7,924 dairy farms in Australia. The national herd is 1.6 million dairy cows. The breakdown by State follows: NSW Properties: 860 Herd: 185,000 VIC Properties: 5,462 Herd: 1,020,000 QLD Properties: 648 Herd: 110,000 WA Properties: 183 Herd: 53,000 SA Properties: 320 Herd: 100,000 TAS Properties: 451 Herd: 132,000 - Dairy Australia, Australian Dairy Industry In Focus 2009. Australian dairy farmers produce 9,388 million litres of whole milk per year with the farm-gate value of milk production being $4 billion and the wholesale value being $12 billion. - Dairy Australia, Australian Dairy Industry In Focus 2009. Milk production for the 2008-09 year by State is as follows. NSW: 1.065 billion litres SA: 628 million litres VIC: 6.135 billion litres WA: 340 million litres QLD: 512 million litres TAS: 708 million litres - Dairy Australia, Australian Dairy Industry In Focus 2009. Dairy farming employs 20,550 people throughout Australia. The State and Territory breakdown follows. VIC: 12,875 NSW: 1,050 SA: 1,175 QLD: 2,700 WA: 1,175 TAS: 1,475 NT: 100 - Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Australian Food Statistics 2007. In terms of the utilisation of Australian milk in 2008/09, the share of volume produced is as follows: Cheese (33%), Skim milk, powder, butter (25%), Milk (24%), Whole milk powder (12%), Casein/butter (4%) and Other (2%). - Dairy Australia, Australian Dairy Industry In Focus 2009.

Consumption of dairy products per person in 2008/09 in Australia. Butter/blends: Cheese: Market milk: Yoghurt 4.0 kg 12.3kg 103.7 L 6.7 kg - Dairy Australia, Australian Dairy Industry In Focus 2009. Australia exports around 45% of its annual milk production. - Dairy Australia, Australian Dairy Industry In Focus 2009. Dairy is the third largest agricultural sector in Australia, worth $2.9 billion in exports, comprised of the following. Cheese: $790m Skim milk powder: $553m Butter: $232m Wholemilk powder: $701m Milk: $71m Other dairy products: $575m - Dairy Australia, Australian Dairy Industry In Focus 2009. The Top 10 Australian export destinations for dairy products are: Japan $554m 19% China $240m 8% Singapore $232m 8% Indonesia $170m 6% Malaysia $166m 6% Philippines $164m 6% United States $122m 4% Korea, South $113m 4% Thailand $113m 4% New Zealand $103m 4% - Dairy Australia, Australian Dairy Industry In Focus 2009. Australia accounts for 9% of the world trade in dairy products, behind the European Union (31%) and New Zealand (28%) and the United States of America (10%). - Dairy Australia, Australian Dairy Industry In Focus 2009.

Australian dried fruit growers are predominantly dotted along the Murray River in the Sunraysia Region (around Mildura) and Swan Valley Region (around Swan Hill) in Victoria and NSW, and the Riverland Region (around Waikerie and Renmark) in SA, with a relatively small group in the Bindoon Region of WA. - Australian Dried Fruit Association, Dried Grape Production Manual, 2005. There are 600 dried grape growers in Australia. The State breakdown follows: Victoria 480 NSW 80 WA 20 SA 20 - Horticulture Australia, Dried Grape Quality Centre, 2007. Australian dried grape varieties and their volume (delivered tonnes) of production in 2006 are as follows. The numbers are drastically lower than average due to drought. Sultanas 13,124 Natural Sultanas 722 Currants 1,794 Raisins 909 Sunmuscats 1,794 Others 143 Total 18,481 - Horticulture Australia, 2007. In recent years, typical annual Australian dried fruit production has averaged 27,000 tonnes per year, with a farm-gate value of some $45 million. - Mildura Region Economic Profile, June 2006. 98% of Australias dried fruit is produced in the Mildura Region of Victoria and NSW. Its success is attributable to the dry climate, soil type and irrigation systems in the region. - Mildura Region Economic Profile, June 2009. The gross value of fruit and nut production in Australia is $2.9 billion, with production levels for each State and Territory as follows. NSW: $453 million WA: $218 million VIC: $810 million TAS: $86 million QLD: $947 million NT: $29 million SA: $327 million ACT: $0.1 million - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Value of Agricultural Commodities Produced, 2008/2009, Catalogue No. 7503.0 On average, each Australian eats 2kg-3kg of dried fruit per year. - Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Australian Food Statistics 2004.

Producing around 30,000 tonnes per year with annual production valued at $88 million, Australia is the worlds seventh largest producer of dried fruits behind Turkey (250,000 tonnes), the United States (190,000), Iran (120,000), India (56,000), Afghanistan (45,000), Chile (45,000) and South Africa (37,000). - Australian Dried Fruit Association, Dried Grape Production Manual, 2005. - ABARE, Australian Commodity Statistics, 2004. Total Australian dried fruit exports in 2003-04 totalled 6,800 tonnes and was valued at $17 million. This is considerably lower than the pre-drought value of dried fruit exported in 1996-97 totalling $62 million. - Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Australian Food Statistics 2004. - ABARE, Australian Commodity Statistics, 2004.

Goat meat is the most consumed meat product on Earth and is a burgeoning commodity in Australia. In fact, there are 1,089 goat farms in Australia. The breakdown by State and Territory follows. NSW VIC QLD SA WA TAS ACT AUS Properties 463 207 242 46 104 26 0 1,089 - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Small Area Data 2006/2007, Catalogue No.7125.0 As at 30 June 2009, Australian goat slaughter was estimated at 1.8 million head. - Meat & Livestock Australia, Fast Facts 2010 Goat Meat. The annual gross value of Australian goat meat is almost $48 million. The State breakdown follows: NSW: $2.9 Million VIC: $11 Million QLD: $23 Million SA: $1.9 Million WA: $8.6 Million TAS: $460,000 - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Small Area Data 2006/2007, Catalogue No.7125.0. The mohair side of the business is worth around $1.9 million to the Australian economy each year. - Goat Industry Council of Australia 2010. Despite China, India and Pakistan being the largest producers and consumers of goat meat in the world, Australia is the worlds largest exporter of both goat meat and live goats. - Meat & Livestock Australia, Fast Facts 2010 Goat Meat.

Over 2009-10, Australia exported almost 28,000 tonnes of goat meat, worth around $100 million*. The breakdown by State follows. NSW VIC QLD SA WA Total Exports 3,063 10,858 8,575 1,587 3,730 27,813 - Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Export Statistics 2010. - * Meat & Livestock Australia 2010. In 2009, chilled and frozen Australian goat meat exports totalled 18,383 tonnes (shipped weight). In 2010, 21,609 tonnes of chilled and frozen Australian goat meat was exported. The principal markets being (in shipped weight) Taiwan (3,049 tonnes), Middle East (504 tonnes) and Malaysia (355 tonnes). - Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Export Statistics 2010. In 2009-10, 128,824 live goats were exported, valued at $10.7 million to three principal destinations, Malaysia (91.7%), Singapore (5.3%), the Philippines (1.6%) and other (1.4%). - Meat & Livestock Australia, Fast Facts 2009: Australian Goat Meat Industry.

In Australia, 34,409,000 tonnes of grain is produced each year (i.e. cereal crops primarily including barley, grain sorghum, maize, oats, triticale and wheat), covering 20,607,000 hectares of land. The total production and area planted of each crop, nationally and on a State-by- State basis is listed below. Cereal For Grain NSW VIC QLD SA WA TAS AUS Barley Production ( 000 t) 1,449 1,461 173 1,877 3,007 29 7,997 Area ( 000ha) 977 1,136 92 1,240 1,559 11 5,015 Grain Sorghum Production ( 000 t) 919-1,771-1 - 2,692 Area ( 000ha) 227-538 - - - 767 Maize Production ( 000 t) 163 8 131 - - - 310 Area ( 000ha) 21 1 47-1 - 70 Oats Production ( 000 t) 261 236 7 81 568 6 1,160 Area ( 000ha) 273 191 7 100 295 4 870 Triticale Production ( 000 t) 198 176 1 91 31 6 830 Area ( 000ha) 114 115 1 94 30 2 355 Wheat Production ( 000 t) 6,963 1,756 2,016 2,376 8,274 35 21,420 Area ( 000ha) 4,322 1,534 1,020 2,104 4,542 9 13,530 - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Agricultural Commodities 2008/2009, Catalogue No.7121.0. - ABARE, Australian Commodity Statistics, 2009 Production of the major winter grains in 2009 is estimated at over 20 million tonnes for wheat, 7.7 million tonnes for barley and 1.7 million tonnes for canola. - ABARE, Australian Commodity Statistics, 2009.

The total gross value for all cereals for grain in Australia is approximately $9 billion-a-year. The gross values per crop nationally and across each State and Territory are listed below. Cereal For NSW VIC QLD SA WA TAS NT ACT AUS Grain $m $m $m $m $m $m $m $m $m Barley 372.0 407.5 43.3 332.1 686.7 8.2 - - 1,849.8 Sorghum 196.0-355.7-0.4-0.1-552.5 Oats 66.1 53.8 3.0 18.8 107.9 1.4 - - 251.0 Rice 34.5 - - - - - - - 34.5 Wheat 1,845.2 501.9 535.6 618.0 2,510.1 10.2 - - 6,021.0 Other 105.5 34.5 77.8 23.3 56.1 1.8 - n/a 298.9 Total 9,007.7 - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Value of Agricultural Commodities Produced, 2008/2009, Catalogue No. 7503.0 The annual export volume of coarse grains in 2008-09 was 5,563,000 tonnes. - ABARE, Australian Commodity Statistics 2009. Globally, 1,102 million tonnes of coarse grain was produced in 2008-09, covering over 313 million hectares of land. - ABARE, Australian Commodities 2009. The annual export volume of wheat totalled 14,780,000 tonnes, with an export value of $4.94 billion. Australias principal wheat markets include Indonesia, Iran and Malaysia. - ABARE, Australian Commodity Statistics 2009. Australia exported 1,368,000 tonnes of sorghum in 2008/09, worth $405 million. Exports of oats for the period valued $64 million, exports of 196,000 tonnes. - ABARE, Australian Commodity Statistics 2009.

With the 2009/10 harvest reaching 205,386 tonnes, the year ended with Australian growers delivering the largest crop in four years, and doing so while achieving recordbreaking yields of 11.5 tonnes per hectare for our three main medium grain varieties, Amaroo, Reiziq and YRM 69. - SunRice, Annual Report, 2010. Traditionally, Australian farmers produced around 1.2 million tonnes of rice each year. Over the past few years, production levels have severely plummeted due to drought and water restrictions. - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Agricultural Commodities 2008-09, Catalogue No. 7121.0. The 2008 rice crop of 19,400 tonnes was the lowest in the Australian rice sectors history (since 1928), representing just over 1% of normal production. This is not surprising given rice is an opportunistic crop in its fifth year of drought. - SunRice 2008. In 2008-09, there were 105 farms growing rice, with 7,000 hectares devoted to rice production, producing 61,000 tonnes. - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Agricultural Commodities 2008-09, Catalogue No. 7121.0. In 2009-10 the area sown for rice almost trebled from 7,000 hectares in 2008/09 to 19,000 hectares. - ABARE, Australian Commodities, June Quarter 2010. 22,700 tonnes of rice was exported in 2008/09, with a total export value of $22 million. - ABARE, Australian Commodity Statistics 2009. Over 1996-2006, Australian rice growers improved water use efficiency by 60%. - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Agricultural Commodities 2006. Australian rice growers use up to five times less water to produce a kilo of rice than overseas growers. - International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines, 2004. In Australia, chemical use on rice is the lowest in the developed world due to a unique rotation system that uses natural biological controls. - Ricegrowers Association of Australia, Our Australian Rice Facts 2005. Direct investment of $18 million into research and development helps maintain Australias competitive advantage in areas such as irrigation, crop breeding, crop protection and product development. - Ricegrowers Association of Australia, Our Australian Rice Facts 2005.

The rice industry is the first Australian agricultural industry to initiate a regional biodiversity plan and a greenhouse reduction strategy. - Ricegrowers Association of Australia, Our Australian Rice Facts 2005. Rice is the main source of nutrition for more than half the worlds population and, in a normal production year, Australian rice provides the staple diet of around 40 million people every day. - Ricegrowers Association of Australia, Our Australian Rice Facts 2005. Sunrice exports 85% of Australias rice as value-added branded products to over 70 countries including the Middle East, Japan and Hong Kong. - Ricegrowers Association of Australia, Our Australian Rice Facts 2005. Annual world production totals 600 million tonnes with only 25 million tonnes traded outside the country of origin. Australian rice growers are the most efficient in the world, operating with zero production or export subsidies. - Ricegrowers Association of Australia, Our Australian Rice Facts 2005.

As at 30 June 2009, Australia had an estimated national flock of 72,740,000 sheep. - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Agricultural Commodities 2008/2009, Catalogue No.7121.0. There are 10,368 specialised sheep farms in Australia. The breakdown by State and Territory follows. NSW VIC QLD SA WA TAS ACT AUS Properties 3,954 3,344 285 1,271 1,026 471 16 10,368 - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Agricultural Commodities 2008/2009, Catalogue No.7121.0. In 2009, Australia produced 658,200 tonnes (carcase weight) of sheep meat, made up from 422,900 tonnes of lamb and 235,300 tonnes of mutton. - Meat & Livestock Australia, Fast Facts 2009: Australian Sheepmeat Industry. The annual gross value of Australian sheep and lambs (excluding the value of wool on skins but including live exports) is $2.492 billion. The gross value ($M) on a State and Territory basis is: NSW: $512.8 VIC: $938.1 QLD: $59.6 SA: $405.7 WA: $528.9 TAS: $45.6 - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Value of Agricultural Commodities Produced, 2008/2009, Catalogue No. 7503.0. In 2009, Australians, on average, ate 13.2 kg of mutton and lamb per person. - Meat & Livestock Australia, Fast Facts 2009: Australian Sheepmeat Industry. Domestic expenditure on lamb and mutton in 2009 totalled over $2.3 billion. - Meat & Livestock Australia, Fast Facts 2009: Australian Sheepmeat Industry. The consumption of sheep meat accounts for 4.6% of world meat consumption. - Barnard, P. Meat: Prospects for Products and Markets, Meat and Livestock Australia 2006. In 2009, Australian lamb exports totalled 179,300 tonnes (shipped weight). Over the same period, 200,900 tonnes of Australian mutton was exported. The principal markets for Australian sheep meat exports are: Lamb (shipped weight): United States: 35,900tonnes China: 16,400 tonnes European Union: 13,400 tonnes Mutton (shipped weight): Saudi Arabia: 20,600 tonnes South Africa: 13,500 tonnes United States: 13,400 tonnes

Live Sheep ( 000): Middle East: 4,153 Kuwait: 956 Saudi Arabia: 874 - ABARE, Australian Commodity Statistics 2009. In 2009, approximately 50% of the sheep meat Australia produced was exported, with the remaining used for domestic consumption. - ABARE, Australian Commodity Statistics 2008. Australian sheep meat production in 2009 accounted for approximately 8% of world production. - Meat & Livestock Australia, Fast Facts 2009: Australian Sheepmeat Industry. In 2009, 4,066,726 live sheep were exported, valued at $340 million. - Meat & Livestock Australia, Fast Facts 2009: Australian Sheepmeat Industry.

Australian sugar is grown in NSW and Queensland. However, over 92% of Australias sugar cane is produced in Queensland. There are 3,365 sugar farms in Queensland and 398 in NSW. - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Agricultural Commodities 2008/2009, Catalogue No.7121.0. Sugar cane cut for crushing in 2008-09 totalled 31,457,000 tonnes across Australia. Production levels and the area planted follows: Sugar cane NSW QLD AUS Production ('000t) 1,614 29,842 31,457 Area ('000) 16 376 391 - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Agricultural Commodities 2008/2009, Catalogue No.7121.0. The sugar industry directly employs some 22,000 people and about 110,000 in upstream and downstream economic sectors dependent on the industry. - Australian Government, Sugar Research and Development Corporation, Australian Sugar Industry 2006. Prior to the 2010-11 floods, Australias sugar production was expected to be around 4.4 million tonnes in 2010-11. - CANEGROWERS 2010. The gross value of Australias sugar cane for crushing in 2008-09 equated to $1.02 billion. - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Value of Agricultural Commodities Produced, 2008/2009, Catalogue No. 7503.0. The worlds principal sugar exporters in 2008-09 were Brazil, the European Union, Thailand and Australia. - ABARE, Australian Commodity Statistics, 2009. In 2008-09 Australian sugar exported 3.3 million tonnes of sugar, worth $1.217 billion. The major markets for raw sugar in bulk (by volume) are: The Republic of Korea: Indonesia: Japan: Malaysia: Chinese Taipei: 1,029,000 tonnes 510,000 tonnes 590,000 tonnes 429,000 tonnes 205,000 tonnes - ABARE, Australian Commodity Statistics, 2009.

The total wool produced in Australia is 370, 610 tonnes (greasy). The breakdown by State and Territory follows: NSW: 119,430 tonnes VIC: 91,140 tonnes QLD: 10,830 tonnes SA: 53,820 tonnes WA: 86,150 tonnes TAS: 9,240 tonnes ACT: Not Available - ABARE, Australian Commodity Statistic, 2009. The gross value of Australian wool (includes value of dead wool and wool on skins) is $1.805 billion. The gross value per State and Territory ($M) is: NSW: $617.6 VIC: $383.9 QLD: $86.9 SA: $250.6 WA: $408.1 TAS: $57.6 ACT: $1.1 - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Value of Agricultural Commodities Produced, 2008/2009, Catalogue No. 7503.0. Prior to the 2010-11 floods, wool production in 2010/11 was forecast to increase by 3% (350 million kilograms) greasy. A major reason for this increase is the Australian Bureau of Statistics final estimate of the number of sheep in Australia as at 1 July 2009 of 72.7 million head. This is 1.2 million head higher than preliminary estimates from November 2009. - Australian Wool Innovation Limited, Australian Wool Production Forecast Report, April 2010. In 2008-09, the value of Australian wool exports was $2,319 billion. The major markets for Australian wool (by value) are China ($1.654 billion), Italy ($175 million) and India ($131million). - ABARE, Australian Commodity Statistics, 2009. Australia is the worlds dominant producer and exporter of wool, accounting for 67% of the worlds wool exports, from major producing countries. - ABARE, Australian Commodities 2008. Changes in the worlds woollen manufacturing base reflect the changing destination for our exports. In 1997-98, 38% of Australias wool was exported to Europe and 22% to China. By 2007-08, 20% was exported to Europe and 69% to China. - ABARE, Australian Commodities 2008. China is our largest market and, despite China being the worlds second largest wool producer in its own right, demand continues to grow. Meanwhile, the United States, Western Europe and Japan are well-established markets for Australian wool. - ABARE, Australian Commodities 2008.

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