Governments of Asia
Standard SS7CG7 The student will demonstrate an understanding of national governments in Southern and Eastern Asia. Compare and contrast: the federal republic of the Republic of India, the communist state of The People s Republic of China, and the constitutional monarchy of Japan, distinguishing the form of leadership and the role of the citizen in terms of voting rights and personal freedoms.
Copy this in your Notebook Fill in boxes during the presentation Type of Government Title of Leader How Leader takes power India China Japan Role of Citizen Important to Know
India Type of Government India is a Federal Republic with an elected parliament. India has 28 states, and 7 union territories. Although India is a republic, individual states are more tightly controlled by the central government than states in the United States.
India Title of Leader India s President is Ms. Pratibha Devisingh Patil. She is the head of state. India s Prime Minister is Mr. Manmohan Singh. He is the head of the government and exercises most executive power.
India How the leader takes power India s President (head of state) is elected by an electoral college to 5-year term. The president has all of the powers given by the constitution but is more a figure head. India s Prime Minister (exercises executive power) is generally the head of the party that enjoys a majority in the legislative branch. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President. The Prime Minister and cabinet make most of the decisions. The Vice-President is elected by both houses of Parliament.
India Role of Citizen Indian citizens are encouraged to vote when they are 18.
India The important thing to know about India s government is India and Japan have a parliamentary republic with three branches: legislative, judicial and executive. The executive and legislative branches work closely together. There are two executives.
China Type of Government China is a Communist state.
China Title of Leader Although China is called a republic, true power lies with the ruling Communist Party. China has a President (head of state) and a Premier (head of government). The President and Vice-President are elected by the National People s Congress. The Prime Minister is the head of the ruling party, the Chinese Communist Party. In China, all power is concentrated in the Paramount Leader, Hu Jintao. He is the head of all three bodies of government: Communist Party of China Central People s Government (State Council) People s Liberation Army
In October China will have a new 11 leader: Xi Jinping Xi Jinping is China s current Vice President and will become President in October 2012.
China How the Leader takes power While there are elections for the National People s Congress, there is truly only one political party, the Chinese Communist Party. The State Council, which functions as a cabinet, is appointed by the National People s Congress.
China Role of Citizen Individuals do not have the right to vote for their representatives. The government regulates the press and restricts the freedom of assembly, movement, reproduction (One Child Policy) and religion. The restrictions are lessening.
China The Important thing to know about China s government is Although there are elections, China is controlled by ONE political party The Chinese Communist Party. Increased population means more resources are needed to meet the needs of the growing population. Due to fears of overpopulation in China, the government has introduced a One Child Policy encouraging families to have only one child. If families have more than one child there are financial penalties.
Japan Type of Government Japan is a Constitutional Monarchy
Japan Title of Leader Japan has an Emperor and a Prime Minister Emperor Akihito (head of state) is merely a symbol of the state. Naoto Kan, the Prime Minister (head of government) holds the true executive power along with the Cabinet of Ministers, who are part of the legislative branch of government.
Japan How Leader takes Power Emperor The Emperor s position is inherited. The Emperor is a symbol of the state and of the unity of the Japanese people. He is the head of the Japanese Imperial Family and is a ceremonial figurehead in a constitutional monarchy. He is also the highest authority of the Shinto religion. The Prime Minister is chosen by the Diet (parliament) and the Emperor gives his blessing. The Prime Minister must enjoy the confidence of the House of Representatives to remain in office. The Prime Minister is the head of the Cabinet and appoints and dismisses the Ministers of State.
Japan Role of Citizen There are universal voting rights for all adult citizens. Japanese citizens are encouraged to vote when they are 18.
Japan The important thing to know about Japan s government is Japan has a parliament called the Diet and has 3 branches of government. The executive and legislative branches work closely together. There are two executives.
Governments of Asia India China Japan Type of Government Title of Leader How Leader takes power Federal Republic President AND Prime Minister President = elected Prime Minister = Appointed Communist State (Fake Republic) President, Premier (Prime Minister) President = elected Premier (Prime Minister) = head of ruling party Role of Citizen Vote No Vote, Restricted freedoms: press, assembly, movement, reproduction, religion Important to know Parliament has 3 branches ONE political party One child policy Constitutional Monarchy Emperor AND Prime Minister Emperor Inherited Prime Minister chosen by the Diet and emperor gives blessing Vote Diet (Parliament) has 3 branches