Exam Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Which of the following organisms lack cell walls? 1) A) Plantae Animalia Bacteria Fungi 2) Classification of organisms in the three domains is based on 2) A) Nutritional type. Number of cells. Nucleus. Cell wall. Type of cell. 3) Who was the first to observe microorganisms with a microscope? 3) A) Koch van Leeuwenhoek Pasteur Hooke Weizmann 4) Which of the following statements about insect control by microorganisms is true? 4) A) The insects develop resistance to the microorganisms. This technique is just as dangerous as the use of chemical pesticides. The microorganisms are specific for the insect pest. The microorganisms may cause disease in other animals. The microorganisms are permanent in the environment. 1
5) You are observing a cell through a microscope and note that it has no apparent nucleus. You conclude that it most likely A) Has a cellulose cell wall. Has a peptidoglycan cell wall. Moves by pseudopods. Is a plant cell. Is part of a multicellular animal. 5) 6) Which of the following findings was essential for Jenner's vaccination process? 6) A) Someone who recovers from a disease will not acquire that disease again. A weakened microorganism may produce immunity. A weakened microorganism will not cause disease. Vaccination provides immunity. Disease is caused by viruses. 7) Which of the following is NOT a domain in the three-domain system? 7) A) Bacteria Eukarya Archaea Animalia 8) Which of the following CANNOT be made by using recombinant DNA technology? 8) A) Pharmaceutical drugs Life Human hormones Pest-resistant crops Vaccines 2
9) Which of the following does NOT belong with the others? 9) A) Protista Animalia Helminthes Fungi Plantae Answer: A 10) Who proved that microorganisms cause disease? 10) A) van Leeuwenhoek Fleming Pasteur Koch Semmelweis 11) Which of the following processes in making blue jeans is incorrectly matched? 11) A) Plastic bacterial PHA Blue dye E. coli indigo Cotton fungal hyphae Debleaching bacterial enzyme Stone-washed fungal enzyme 12) Regarding Pasteur's experiments with the S-neck flask, which of the following statements is true? 12) A) Any possibility of contamination was removed. There was a food source involved. All microorganisms were killed before beginning. There was air involved. All of the above. 3
13) Who observed cells in plant material? 13) A) Lister Hooke Koch Pasteur van Leeuwenhoek 14) Archaea differ from bacteria in that archaea 14) A) Use organic compounds for food. Reproduce by binary fission. Are prokaryotic. Lack peptidoglycan. Lack nuclei. 15) Which of the following is the best definition of biotechnology? 15) A) The curing of diseases The use of living organisms to make desired products The use of microorganisms in sewage treatment The development of recombinant DNA technology Bacterial production of foods 16) Which of the following pairs is mismatched? 16) A) Vaccine a preparation of microorganisms Penicillin antibiotic Normal microbiota harmful Pathogen disease causing Chemotherapy treatment of disease 4
17) Which of the following pairs is mismatched? 17) A) Winogradsky microbial ecology Jenner immunology Lancefield immunology Weizmann virology Jacob and Monod microbial genetics 18) You are looking at a white cottony growth on a culture medium. Microscopic examination reveals it is multicellular. Which of the following conclusions about this organism is false? A) It is a bacterium. It has cell walls. It is eukaryotic. It has DNA enclosed in a nucleus. It absorbs organic nutrients. Answer: A 18) 19) A multicellular organism that has a mouth and lives in an animal host is a(n) 19) A) Fungus. Bacterium. Helminth. Alga. Virus. 20) A multicellular organism that has chitin cell walls and absorbs organic material is a(n) 20) A) Fungus. Helminth. Alga. Virus. Bacterium. Answer: A 5
21) Bacteria differ from viruses in that bacteria 21) A) Can live without a host. Have DNA and RNA. Are composed of cells. All of the above. 22) Regular use of antibacterial cleaning products 22) A) Prevents occurrence of infections. Prevents bacteria from growing. Is necessary for good health. Promotes survival of bacteria that are resistant. A, B, and D 23) Which of the following pairs is mismatched? 23) A) Lister aseptic surgery van Leeuwenhoek germ theory Hooke cell theory Jenner vaccines Pasteur fermentation 24) Which of the following statements about fungi is true? 24) A) All grow using sunlight and carbon dioxide. All are prokaryotic. All are multicellular. All are plants. All require organic material for growth. 6
25) Which of the following pairs is mismatched? 25) A) Microbial ecologist studies bacteria that degrade oil Virologist studies human immunodeficiency virus Molecular biologist studies recombinant DNA Immunologist studies ecology of Legionella pneumophila Microbial physiologist studies fermentation of sourdough bread 26) Who disproved the theory of spontaneous generation? 26) A) van Leeuwenhoek Koch Virchow Pasteur Hooke 27) Which of the following is a scientific name? 27) A) Leprosy bacterium Mycobacterium leprae Hansen's bacillus Acid-fast bacteria 28) Which of the following pairs is mismatched? 28) A) Ehrlich chemotherapy Koch aseptic surgery Jenner vaccination Pasteur proof of biogenesis 7
29) Which of the following statements is false? 29) A) All fungi have nuclear membranes. All bacteria lack nuclear membranes. All viruses are parasites. All protozoa are unicellular. All fungi are multicellular. 30) Which one of the following does NOT belong with the others? 30) A) Bacteria Fungi Archaea Eukarya 31) Which one of the following does NOT belong with the others? 31) A) Peptidoglycan Chitin Nucleus Cellulose 32) Regarding the experiments that "proved" spontaneous generation, which of the following statements is probably true? A) Excess carbon dioxide was present. Air was lacking. Microorganisms were already present. Too much heat was applied. The food source could not support life. 32) 8
33) In the name Escherichia coli, coli is the 33) A) Specific epithet. Kingdom. Genus. Domain. Discoverer. Answer: A 34) An agent that reproduces in cells but is NOT composed of cells and contains RNA as its genetic material is a(n) A) Bacterium. Virus. Helminth. Alga. Fungus. 34) 35) A nucleated, green cell that moves by means of flagella is a(n) 35) A) Alga. Virus. Bacterium. Helminth. Fungus. Answer: A 36) Which of the following is a scientific name? 36) A) Streptococcus pyogenes Streptococci IGAS Group A streptococcus Flesh-eating bacteria Answer: A 9
37) Which of the following lack a nucleus? 37) A) Protozoa Animalia Bacteria Fungi None of the above 38) Which of the following is NOT an example of biotechnology? 38) A) Bacterial production of French bread Bacterial production of vinegar Bacterial production of human insulin Bacterial production of yogurt Bacterial degradation of a dead animal 39) Which of the following statements is true? 39) A) Bacteria cannot move. Viruses cannot reproduce outside a host cell. Protozoa have rigid cell walls. Algae are parasites. Fungi are plants. 40) Which of the following requirements was NOT necessary for Pasteur to disprove spontaneous generation? A) Keeping microorganisms out Providing a food source that would support growth Identifying bacteria Supplying air Removing microorganisms that were initially present 40) 10
41) Which of the following statements about viruses is false? 41) A) They cannot reproduce themselves. They lack cells. They have both DNA and RNA. They are parasites. They cannot metabolize nutrients. 42) Fungi differ from bacteria in that fungi 42) A) Have DNA. Are cellular. Have cell walls. Spoil food. Have a nucleus. 43) Which of the following statements about biofilms is false? 43) A) Biofilms in your body protect mucous membranes from harmful microbes. Biofilms on medical implants cause infections. Biofilms on rocks provide food for animals. Compared to free-living bacteria, biofilms are more sensitive to antibiotics. Biofilms in pipes block the flow of water. 44) Which of the following statements about protozoa is false? 44) A) All are unicellular. All are eukaryotic. They have rigid cell walls. All have complex cells. They are classified by their method of locomotion. 11
45) Which of the following groups include members that lack DNA? 45) A) Fungi Protozoa Bacteria Helminths Viruses ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper. 46) Paul Berg received the Nobel Prize for developing the procedure for incorporating fragments of animal DNA into bacteria. List some reasons why his work was a major contribution to science. Answer: 47) List two examples of biotechnology that involve recombinant DNA technology and two examples that do not. Answer: 48) In 1835 Bassi showed that a fungus caused a silkworm disease, and in 1865 Pasteur discovered that a protozoan caused another silkworm disease. Why do we use Koch's postulates instead of "Bassi's" or "Pasteur's" postulates? Answer: 12
Answer Key Testname: C1 1) B 2) E 3) B 4) C 5) B 6) B 7) D 8) B 9) A 10) D 11) C 12) E 13) B 14) D 15) B 16) C 17) D 18) A 19) C 20) A 21) D 22) D 23) B 24) E 25) D 26) D 27) B 28) B 29) E 30) B 31) C 32) C 33) A 34) B 35) A 36) A 37) C 38) E 39) B 40) C 41) C 42) E 43) D 44) C 45) E 46) 47) 48) 13