Grain Legumes & Dryland Cereals Agri- Food Systems CGIAR Research Program Demand-Driven Innovation for the Drylands D Kumara Charyulu Team GLDC, ICRISAT
What is CGIAR Research Program? It is a Global research partnership for food-secure future Research carried out by 15 Research Centers in close collaboration with hundreds of partners in >60 countries The CGIAR Portfolio (2017-2022) is structured around two interlinked clusters of challenge-led research: - Innovations in agri-food systems - Cross cutting global integrating programs Broadly, it implements 12 CRPs and three platforms GLDC is one among the 12 CRPs of CGIAR
WHY TO ADDRESS THE GRAND CHALLENGES WHERE 1 2 >300 million poor and malnourished live in the target ecologies Highest risk of hunger (2030-50 projections) 3 199 million stunted children (as of 2016) 4 Food prices could double due to climate change 5 Other major issues: Land degradation Competition for land Aging and changing workforce The GLDC project area covers the semi-arid and sub-humid dryland agro-ecologies of sub-saharan Africa and South Asia which have some of the highest rates of poverty prevalence.
2015 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025 2027 2029 2031 2033 2035 2037 2039 2041 2043 2045 2047 2049 '000 MT '000 MT WHY 6 Foresight projection suggests increasing deficit between long-term aggregate supply and demand for these crops, especially for grain legumes 250000 200000 150000 100000 50000 a 0 Year Demand Supply_NOCC Supply_HDGM 140000 120000 100000 80000 60000 40000 20000 0 b 2025 2040 2025 2040 South Asia SSA Year Food demand Feed demand Other demand Intermediate demand a: Supply and demand projection of aggregate GLDC crops in Low Income, Food Deficit Countries with and without climate change. b: Projected disaggregated sources of demand of GLDC crops by region in 2025 and 2040 ( 000 MT). Source: IMPACT version 3.3, IFPRI, based on SSP2 with No Climate Change (NoCC) and Climate Change using RCP 8.5 and the Hadley Climate Model.
HOW 1 First order priority crops and countries Crops Sorghum Groundnut Soybean Cowpea Pearl millet Pigeonpea Chickpea Finger millet Lentil West Africa East & Southern Africa South Asia Nigeria Mali Burkina Faso PROMOTE KEY NUTRITIOUS CROPS Increase productivity, profitability, resilience and marketability of GLDC crops Niger Ethiopia Sudan Uganda Malawi Tanzania Zambia Mozambique India Myanmar ROI ranges: 4-28 BCR; 4 million 1.6 billion NPV
HOW 2 BUILD ON CGIAR INITIATIVES Build on three CRPs (2012-2016) Grain Legumes, Dryland Cereals and Dryland Systems 3 SUPPORT NATIONAL POLICIES Use country strategies to address issues pertinent to the region and accelerate interventions 4 TRANSFORM AGRI-FOOD SYSTEMS IN THE TARGET ECOLOGIES Take up a more holistic approach to unlock the potential of cereal-legume-tree-livestock synergies Create an enabling environment for demand-driven innovation A Phase I outcome: Farmers harvest bumper yields of pigeonpea in India. Market-preferred and disease-resistant hybrids were developed in partnership with the NARS, India
Glimpse of phase 1(2012-16): Grain Legumes Achievements
Thrust areas in Chickpea research Development of drought & heat tolerant types Cultivars suitable to machine harvesting Early maturing and herbicide tolerant cultivars Dry root rot resistance High protein, Fe & Zn content Use of transgenics for insect and herbicide tolerance
Early varieties of chickpea expansion in India
Impact of short duration chickpea varieties in Andhra Pradesh New cultivars (JG11, KAK2) developed through ICRISAT-NARS partnerships covers 98% area > six-fold increase in area and doubling of yield Benefits estimated at US $358.9 million ROI estimated at 28%
Thrust areas in Pigeonpea research Resistance to Fusarium wilt and SMD Resistance to Maruca and Helicoverpa Expansion of pigeonpea hybrids (7 states) Development of super early types Transgenics events for insect resistance Cultivars suitable for mechanization Value chains and value addition
Thrust areas in Cowpeas research Development of drought tolerant types Focus on low P tolerant cowpeas Aphid and collar rot resistance Stover yield and digestibility Post-harvest processing and market opportunities Formal and informal seed systems
Thrust areas in Lentils research Development of drought & heat tolerant types Development of early maturing cultivars Cultivars suitable to machine harvesting Herbicide tolerant types Resistance to rust and root rot diseases High protein, Fe & Zn content
Targeting of Rice fallows in India/South Asia
Legume seed systems Inadequate access to improved quality seed and other farm inputs Role of private sector in pulse seed system is minimal Still farmer s own saved seed is the major source Improving the Seed Replacement Ratio (SRR) ratio is the need of the hour Community or village seed banks is way to enhance adoption Poor on-farm seed storage facilities
Promoting FPOs and value chains FPO initiatives for better integration of small and marginal farmers Business Services: Creating value at farm-gate level through primary processing units Linking farmers to supply processors for remunerative prices Facilitating supply of improved cultivars of pulses and millets Providing on-field crop and seed production support Providing training on value addition opportunities
THE PROCESS Five Flagship Programs deliver into two impact pathways FP1: Priority setting, impact acceleration FP2: Transforming Agri-Food Systems FP3: Farm, household management FP4: Variety/ hybrid development FP5: Pre-breeding & Trait Discovery Integrated technological, institutional and policy solutions M&E with key indicators Prioritize women and youth
THE OUTCOMES Intermediate Development Outcomes (IDOs) 1. Increased climate change resilience 2. Improved diets 3. Sustainable agro-ecosystems 4. Increased incomes and employment 5. Increased productivity System level outcomes (SLOs) 1. Reduced poverty 2. Improved food and nutrition security for health 3. Improved natural resources and ecosystem services Projected outcomes (2022-2030) 8.9-21.7 million farm households adopt improved varieties 4.4-11.8 million exit poverty 12.7-24.8 million meet their daily nutritional needs 50% women benefit Impact of early chickpea cultivars in Myanmar: Seven cultivars released based on ICRISAT germplasm >96% of the chickpea area in Myanmar during 2014-15 was covered by ICRISAT-originated material Production increased five folds, 3.3 folds area expansion and 2.2 fold yield enhancement over 15 years
WHO CGIAR research partners to build on the synergies in cereal-legume-tree-livestock systems Tier I CRP partners ICRISAT: Sorghum, pearl millet, finger millet, chickpea, pigeonpea and groundnut IITA: Cowpea and soybean WLE: Interface farms and landscapes, increase water-use efficiency A4NH: Biofortification and food safety ICARDA: Lentil and chickpea ICRAF : Agroforestry and Natural Resource Management CCAFS: Climate-risk management tools and information LIVESTOCK: Dual-purpose varieties and hybrids Tier II ILRI: Crop-livestock integration IWMI: Water management Bioversity International: Promote biodiversity on farms PIM: Foresight modelling tools to assess impacts RICE, WHEAT, MAIZE, ROOTS, TUBERS AND BANANAS: Intercropping with dominant crops of the CRPs
PARTNERS Apex and SROs Sub-Saharan Africa FARA CORAF/WECARD CCARDESA ASARECA RUFORUM WACCI AWARD Private Sector companies & consortia DuPont Pioneer Advanta Seeds Syngenta Foundation Seed Co, Zimbabwe Mars Chocolate Microsoft MANOBI-AFRICA, Senegal Hybrid Parent Research Consortium African Seed Trade Association India Pulses & Grains Association (IPGA) Farmer Producer Organizations, India South Asia NGO & Large Programs ARIs SAARC Agriculture Centre APAARI ICAR, India National Institute of Nutrition, India Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa Catholic Relief Services (CRS) CARE Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition Farm Africa African Agricultural Technology Foundation Self Employed Women s Association, India Young Professionals for Agricultural (YPARD) N2Africa HarvestPlus USAID Feed the Future Innovation Labs Sorghum and Millet Peanut & Mycotoxin Legume Climate-Resilient Sorghum Climate Resilient Chickpea Climate-Resilient Cowpea CSIRO, Australia CIRAD, France IRD, France FAO Research and Extension World Vegetable Center SLU, Sweden UWA, Australia
GLDC: A prospectus for transforming Agri-Food Systems in the drylands of sub-saharan Africa and South Asia An R4D investment of $413 million over five years (2018-2022) A global initiative of partners for the grain legume and cereal crops of the drylands of sub-saharan Africa and South Asia Tackling extreme poverty and malnutrition in the most fragile ecologies A Mali Agri-business Incubation Hub member exhibits processed products.
Demand-driven Innovation for the Drylands In partnership with CGIAR Centers, public and private organizations, governments, and farmers worldwide http://gldc.cgiar.org Thank you