12.0 WASTE MANAGEMENT EU Legislation such as: This section addresses the subject of waste management for the proposed installation of a new dryer and evaporator at Lakeland Dairies Co-operative Society Limited (Bailieboro) Lear, Bailieboro, Co. Cavan. Waste management is addressed for both the construction and operational phases of the project. Council Directive 1999/31/EC, on the landfill of waste. Council Decision 2003/33/EC, establishing criteria and procedures for the acceptance of waste at landfills pursuant to Article 16 of Annex II to Directive 1999/31/EC. European Waste Catalogue - Council Decision 94/3/EC (as per Council Directive 75/442/EC). 12.1 Introduction Hazardous Waste List - Council Decision 94/904/EC (as per Council Directive 91/689/EEC). European Waste Catalogue and Hazardous Waste List, 2002, Environmental Protection Agency, Wexford. A site specific Construction Waste Management Plan (CWMP) will be prepared for the construction phase of the development in advance of the commencement of the construction works. Similarly an Operational Waste Management Plan (OWMP) will be prepared for the operational phase of the proposed development. This will ensure proper management and significant recycling of wastes generated at the proposed development. Statutory Instruments (as amended) such as: Waste Management Act 1996 (S.I. No. 10 of 1996) as amended by the Waste Management (Amendment) Act 2001 and Regulations including: Implementation of both the CWMP and the OWMP will help ensure the management of waste at the proposed development is undertaken in accordance with the Waste Management Plan for the North East Region, the most recent version of which was completed between 2005-2010. Table 12.1 Waste Management (Amendment) Act 2001 and Regulations No. Waste Management (Amendment) Act 2001 and Regulations 12.2 Methodology 1 Waste Management (Collection Permit) Regulations S.I No. 820 of 2007 as amended 2008 (S.I No 87 of 2008). Waste Management (Facility Permit and Registration) Regulations, S.I No. 821 of 2007 as amended 2008 (S.I No. 2 This section assesses the waste management effects of the proposed development at the Lakeland Dairies Bailieboro facility. The types of wastes that are expected to be generated during the operational and construction phase of this project are identified in this section. The management of these different types of waste is also outlined. 3 4 86 of 2008). Waste Management (Licensing) Regulations 2000 (S.I 185 of 2000) as amended 2002 (S.I 336 of 2002) Waste Management (Hazardous Waste) Regulations 1998 5 Waste Management (Packaging) Regulations 2003 (S.I. No. 61 of 2003) An extensive document review was completed to assist in identifying current and future requirements for waste management, including the following; 6 7 8 Waste Management (Landfill Levy) Regulations 2002 (S.I 86 of 2002) Waste Management (Planning) Regulations 1997 (S.I. 137 of 1997) Local Government Act 1994 and Regulations Taking Stock and Moving Forward, DoEHLG, 2004 A Resource Opportunity, Waste Management Policy in Ireland, DoECLG, 2012 9 10 WEEE Directive 2002/96/EC and Regulations Litter Pollution Act 1997 and Regulations. Changing Our Ways; A Policy Statement on Waste Management, DoEHLG, 1998 County of Cavan (Collection, storage and presentation of waste and certain related waste management matters) 11 Preventing and Recycling Waste Delivering Change, DoEHLG, 2002 Bye-Laws 2008 Making Ireland s Development Sustainable Review, Assessment and Future Action, World Summit on Sustainable Development, 2002 Local Authority Plans such as: Best Practice Guidelines on the Preparation of Waste Management Plans for Construction and Demolition Projects, Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government (DoEHLG), 2006. Construction and Demolition Waste Management a handbook for Contractors and Site Managers, FÁS and the Waste Management Plan for the North East Region 2005 2010 (current plan for the region due for review) Cavan County Development Plan 2014-2020. Construction Industry Federation, 2002. Characterisation of Building Uses, US EPA; and National Waste Database Reports 1998-2012, Environmental Protection Agency, Wexford. It is a policy of Cavan County Council to continue to encourage recycling and the minimisation of waste and to work with the community in the provision of recycling facilities. Also to ensure towns and villages have an adequate solid waste collection system. The council will also facilitate the provision of recycling banks in easily accessible locations. Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) Lakeland Dairies Co-Operative Society Ltd - Lear, Bailieborough, Co. Cavan 123
(CWMP)&(CEMP) A Construction Waste Management Plan (CWMP) has been developed as part of the Contractor s Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) which defines a structured approach to the management, and recycling of waste on-site and identifies licensed waste management contractors. The waste contractor that currently services Lakeland Dairies Bailieboro has a valid waste collection permit, issued by the National Waste Collection Permit Office (NWCPO) for all of the waste types collected and transfers the waste to permitted and/or licensed facilities. It is anticipated that the proposed new development will be services by the same/similar licensed waste contractor. The CWMP objective is to provide better control of the regulatory risks relating to materials and wastes generated on-site with the result that any queries from the EPA can be dealt with effectively. This has been prepared as per the Best Practice Guidelines Projects on the Preparation of Waste Management Plans for Construction and Demolition Projects which is available from the Department of Environment, Community and Local Government. These guidelines outline, among other recommendations that waste can be minimised by: 1. Ensuring the correct volume of materials is ordered for the work to be undertaken and storing the materials appropriately to avoid contamination or deterioration; 2. Co-ordinating with other contractors or developers in the supply of materials and services to avoid repeated deliveries or excavations; and 3. Ensuring when preparing contracts for demolition and construction operations that clauses are included requiring the reuse of materials where practicable Construction and Demolition Waste Management a handbook for Contractors and Site Managers published by FÁS and the Construction Industry Federation in 2002 was also referenced. In the absence of specific guidelines at present on the preparation of operational waste management plans, the OWMP for the proposed development will be prepared in accordance with best practice, legal and industry standards and with due regard to the requirements of the Waste Management Act 1996, the Waste Management Plan for the North East Region and the Cavan County Development Plan. 12.4 Characteristics of the Proposed Development The proposed development will consist of the following: An extension to the existing Dryer facility to contain a new Dryer Plant with a total floor area of 3,516m 2 on 5 floors with a total height above ground level of 40.00m. The new dryer building will incorporate a full height fire escape stairs and full height lift shaft. An extension to the existing Dryer building to contain 2 no. Evaporators with a total floor area of 1,325m 2 on 3 floors and occasional access platforms, with a total height above ground level of 31.27m. An extension to the existing milk powder silo area to incorporate new milk powder silos and milk powder handling with a total floor area of 387m 2 on 3 floors, with a total height above ground level of 24.21m. An extension to the existing Bagging Area to contain additional bagging area and electrical control panels with a total floor area of 170 m 2 on two floors, highest height above ground level of 10.96m. All associated local underground drainage and miscellaneous site works including a 480m 3 covered water tank. The external metal cladding of all new construction will match the existing colour and type of existing metal cladding. Revised Traffic Arrangements New Car Parking Spaces New Security Hut. Revised Traffic Arrangements. 12.3 Receiving Environment In terms of waste management, the baseline environment is largely defined by Cavan County Council as the local authority responsible for setting and administering waste management activities in the area. This is largely governed by the requirements set out in the Waste Management Plan for the North East Region 2005 2010. The Plan addresses all areas of waste management from waste prevention and minimisation to its collection treatment, recovery and final disposal. 12.5 Potential Impacts 12.5.1 Construction Phase The construction phase will result in the generation of surplus waste materials such as off-cuts from timber, tiles, insulation wiring, packaging and general waste. Packaging and oversupply of materials could also contribute to waste during these phases. The Plan is guided by international, EU and Irish Legislation and policy on waste management. The plan has set a number of targets for the region in terms of recycling, energy recovery and landfilling. The majority of this waste will be reused and recycled if possible, with the remaining waste materials being disposed of by licensed waste contractors to an approved landfill site in accordance with the relevant national and EU legislation. The site is within the Cavan administrative area. In terms of waste management, the receiving environment is characterised by waste collection services provided by a number of private waste contractors. Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) Lakeland Dairies Co-Operative Society Ltd - Lear, Bailieborough, Co. Cavan 124
The main waste streams that will be generated by the construction activities at the site are: Table 12.2: Typical Waste Types and EWC Codes Stones and soil Concrete, brick, tiles and ceramics Steel Tar and tar products Plasterboard Metal Cardboard (packaging) Plastic (wrapping, packaging) Waste wood Paper Waste electrical and electronic components Batteries Wood Preservatives Liquid Fuels Excavated Material. It is envisaged that all spoil generated during the site preparation excavation process mostly comprising topsoil and subsoil will, where feasible, be reused in the landscaping and levelling of the site during construction. Contractors will be required to submit and adhere to a method statement indicating the extent of the areas likely to be affected and demonstrating that this is the minimum disturbance necessary to achieve the required works. Where stripping occurs, the resulting excavated fractions will be separated into subsoil and topsoil stockpiles. Temporary storage of spoil will be managed to prevent accidental release of dust and uncontrolled surface water run-off which may contain sediment etc. Operators used to transport any waste off site for land filling will need to hold valid Waste Collection Permits and the waste disposal facility must have a waste licence also. Main C & D Waste Categories The European Waste Codes (EWC) for typical waste materials expected to be generated during the construction of the proposed development are provided in Table 12.2 Waste Material EWC Non Hazardous 170102 Concrete, bricks, tiles, ceramics 170103 170201 Wood, glass and plastic 170202 170203 Bituminous mixtures, tar and tarred products 170302 Iron and Steel 170405 Metals (including their alloys) 170407 Soil and stones 170504 Gypsum-based construction material 170802 General Waste 2003 Hazardous (Construction and Operational) Electrical and Electronic Components 1602 Batteries 1606 Wood Preservatives 0302 Liquid Fuels 1307 Laboratory Waste 1605 Printer ink cartridges 2001 Oils 1305 Fluorescent tubes 2001 Potential Hazardous Waste Arising Fuels used during the construction phase are classed as hazardous. It is anticipated that there will be some fuel stored on the site for machinery and construction vehicles. All fuel tanks and draw-off points will be bunded. If the fuel is correctly contained and bunded, it is not expected that there will be any fuel wastage at the site or related contamination of soil. Waste mixtures on C & D sites can often contain dangerous substances classifying the material as hazardous waste. This material cannot be used as fill on sites even if a waste licence is held. Disposal can only be undertaken at a licensed hazardous waste facility. Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) Lakeland Dairies Co-Operative Society Ltd - Lear, Bailieborough, Co. Cavan 125
12.5.2 Operational Phase General non-hazardous and hazardous waste that may be generated at the proposed development may include the following: Paper and Cardboard Plastic Metals Chemicals containing dangerous detergents, etc Fluorescents tubes and other mercury containing waste; Batteries; Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) Wastewater Sludge Generated from the Extra 300m 3 of wastewater generated. These will ensure the waste arising from the development is dealt with in compliance with the provisions of the Waste Management Act as amended, and associated Regulations, the Litter Act of 1997 and the Waste Management Plan for the North East Region, and achieve optimum levels of reduction, re-use and recycling. Waste Management: Policies and Practices Production and associated activities at the proposed facility will unavoidably generate waste. The facility implements an Environmental Management System (ISO 14001 Cert Reg No. GB05/64056), which includes the management and minimisation of waste by setting a series of objectives and targets to reduce resource / material use and waste production where feasible. 12.6.1 Construction Phase The potential impacts of the operational phase on the environment are that, should an OWMP not be put in place on the site, the development would lead to the quantities and volumes of waste described in the previous section being sent to landfill, with low levels of segregation of wastes into recyclable materials. There may also be litter pollution created from incorrect storage of waste. However the OWMP will ensure that the environmental impact of the operational phase of the development will be imperceptible and long term. The construction phase will begin with initial soil excavation in preparation of the site foundations. This work is expected to last for approximately 18-24 months (up to and including commissioning the new dryer). Waste Management will form part of the overall Environmental Management Plan for the Construction Phase. This plan will be implemented by the Management Contractor for the entirety of the construction activities and will include specific detail relating to waste segregation and disposal as summarised below. The Construction Waste Management Plan identifies waste streams requiring segregation for further reuse or recycling off site. This will particularly focus on opportunities to re-use or recycle excavation and construction waste. To ensure compliance Process Waste The process effluent for the project has similar characteristics to the existing effluent loads and it is expected that there will be a discharge increase of 300m 3 per day to the existing wastewater treatment plant. The WWTP has been upgraded in 2010 and with legislation, waste streams will be kept in a separate skip and will be appropriately demarcated. Mitigation measures proposed to manage impacts arising from waste generated during construction of the proposed development is summarised below and is described in more detail in the CWMP: planning for a new clarifier has been granted to cater for the increase in flow. Due to the upgrade works the wastewater treatment plant will have the capacity to deal with additional volumes treated. Currently approximately 850m 3 of wastewater is generated on site, and with the extension to the facility this will be increased to 1150m 3 /day On site segregation of all waste materials into appropriate categories including: Top-soil, subsoil, bedrock Concrete, bricks, tile, ceramics, plasterboard Tar and tar products 12.6 Mitigation Measures Metals, Dry Recyclables e.g. cardboard, plastic, timber This section details the mitigation measures that will be implemented in order to ensure that the waste generated on the site is handled in a legally compliant manner, and that significant levels of reuse, recovery or recycling are achieved. Paints, sealants, hazardous chemicals During the design process, a number of measures will be applied to design out and therefore prevent waste arising on-site. A site specific CWMP has been developed and an OWMP will be developed to ensure effective waste management and recycling of wastes generated at the site, in accordance with the legislation and prevailing best practice. Contractors will be required to supply separate labelled skips for plastic, cardboard packaging waste and other waste materials they generate themselves. Subcontractors will also be required to follow the site construction Waste Management Plan and will be advised of such at tender stage and pre-appointment meetings. Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) Lakeland Dairies Co-Operative Society Ltd - Lear, Bailieborough, Co. Cavan 126
The regulation of the waste management and segregation will be overseen by the site agent and safety officers and all of the construction management team in general. All waste will be stored in skips or other suitable receptacles in a designated area of the site; wherever possible, leftover materials (e.g. timber off cuts) and any suitable demolition materials will be reused on-site; Uncontaminated excavated material (top-soil, sub soil, etc) will be re-used on site in preference to importation of clean fill, where possible; All waste leaving site will be recycled, with the exception of those waste streams where appropriate recycling facilities are currently not available In line with the principles of sustainable development, the scheme will seek to minimise the amount of materials brought into the construction site. This will be achieved by re-using as much of the materials generated during demolition activities as possible, provided that they satisfy the specific engineering standards. The majority of new materials brought to site will be used immediately or will be stored on-site within the site boundary. Other materials such as asphalt or concrete will be brought directly to the construction site from the relevant batching plant as and when required and immediately placed. 12.6.2 Operational Phase All waste leaving the site will be transported by suitable permitted contractors and taken to suitably permitted/licensed facilities; The OWMP will enable the facility to contribute to the targets outlined in the Waste Management Plan for the North East Region and to comply with the byelaws for commercial waste. All waste leaving the site will be recorded and copies of relevant documentation maintained; The site manager will investigate whether nearby construction sites may require fill material, to both minimise the costs of transport and to reuse as much material as possible. The CWMP will also include: the identification of measures to prevent nuisance; the organisation of the contractor s approach to waste management including permit details (etc.); the identification of disposal sites; the identification of quantities to be excavated and disposed of; The operation phase will generate a range of mostly non-hazardous wastes with some hazardous wastes. Segregation at the source will be practiced for waste generated on site (in accordance with the OWMP to be developed for the site). Mitigation measures proposed to manage impacts arising from waste generated during operation of the proposed development are summarised below and will be described in more detail in the OWMP: On-site segregation of all waste materials into appropriate categories including: - organic waste e.g sludge - cardboard and paper - plastic - packaging waste - metals the identification of the amounts intended to be stored temporarily on-site and the location of such storage; - mixed non-recyclables the identification of intended transport means for materials; - empty plastic drums (containing residues of or contamination by dangerous substances) procedures for dealing with Waste Management including liaison with third parties, statutory bodies, undertakers - landscaping waste and other companies; - Non-hazardous WEEE procedures for the provision of documentation necessary to instigate and maintain an Environmental Management All waste materials will be stored in bins or other suitable receptacles in a designated, easily accessible area of the System (EMS); site/buildings. procedures for the control of off-site activities associated with the Waste Management Plan; and All waste leaving site will be recycled, with the exception of those waste streams where appropriate recycling facilities are procedures for the management review/audits to monitor and demonstrate control over the implementation of the currently not available CWMP No damaged packaging will be accepted on site. Hazardous waste may be generated following the return of packaging (drums) from customers. If the returned drums are found to be unsuitable for re-use, they will be classed as a waste. If the packaging contains residues of or is contaminated Importing Materials by dangerous substances, it may be classed as a hazardous waste (depending on the volume and concentration of contaminants). Any waste classed as hazardous will be stored in a designated area and will be removed off site by a The proposed development will have a requirement for imported materials, primarily comprising stone for below the licensed hazardous waste contractor buildings, concrete for road kerbs, concrete yard areas and building and steel for the buildings. All waste leaving the site will be transported by suitable permitted contractors and taken to suitably licensed or permitted facilities All waste leaving the site will be recorded and copies of relevant documentation maintained. Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) Lakeland Dairies Co-Operative Society Ltd - Lear, Bailieborough, Co. Cavan 127
12.7 Predicted Impacts with Mitigation 12.7.1 Construction Phase There will be a short-term impact associated with the construction phase of the development. Due to the high level of recycling that will be achieved during the construction phase through the implementation of the CWMP, it is envisaged that the environmental impact will be short term and imperceptible. It should be noted that it is proposed to reuse as much as possible of the soil and stones generated from excavations in the landscaping of the area. Although it is anticipated that the majority of spoil generated in excavations will be reused on site, any excess clean material may be disposed of at the designated infill site. A section V has been granted by Cavan County Council for an infilll site along the western boundary of the Lakeland Dairies Bailieboro facility. Figure 12.1 Detailed Layout of the Infill site along the Western boundary. 12.8 12.9 levels of waste reduction, re-use and recycling. The predicted impact of the operational phase will be long term and imperceptible. The Do-Nothing Scenario Under a do nothing scenario there would be no development, hence no additional waste management from the existing situation would be required. The Worst-Case Scenario The worst-case scenario, is that, should a CWMP and OWMP not be implemented, the target recycling rates outlined in the Waste Management Plan, Government policy document Changing Our Ways, 2001 will not be achieved. In addition, if waste is not managed and stored correctly on site, this may lead to litter or pollution issuess on the site or adjacent sites. However this is thought to be unlikely having taken into consideration the mitigation measures outlined above. 12.10 Monitoring Monitoring requirements for the development will be stipulated in the OWMP and the CWMP. This will include the requirement for recording of all waste materials arising at the site and maintenance of contractor waste collection permits and facility permits/licences on site. Sludge movements and spreading from the increase in the production will be in accordance with Nutrient Management Plans and be monitored in accordance with Licence Requirements. 12.7.2 Operational Phase The proposed development will give rise to a wide variety of waste streams during the operational phase. Provided that the OWMP is implemented fully, no significant impacts are predicted for the operational phase. The mitigation measures, i.e. the implementation of the OWMP for the development will ensure the waste arising from the development is dealt with in compliance with the provisions, the prevailing legislation and best practice and achieve optimum Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) Lakeland Dairies Co-Operative Society Ltd - Lear, Bailieborough, Co. Cavan 128